Evaluating Audio Description and BPS Visitor Experience in Titanic Belfast

This paper presents the results of a study that evaluates audio description (AD) and visitor experience with a group of blind and partially sighted (BPS) visitors to a real-world visitor attraction—Titanic Belfast. We apply the 10-facet model of visitor experience of Packer and Ballantyne (2016) for the first time in the context of accessibility, and through this we highlight accessibility issues which arose during the study. We identify two categories in our qualitative analysis that the model (Packer & Ballantyne, 2016) cannot cover. We also model the factors that influence visitor experience and apply them to the later approach of Packer, Ballantyne, & Bond’s (2018) Dimensions of Visitor Experience (DoVE) Adjective Checklist. The checklist is based on their previous 10-facet model, and translated and refined into 15 dimensions. Although the DoVE checklist is not specifically designed for the context of accessibility, we found that it is sufficiently comprehensive to model accessibility aspects of the museum AD and visitor experience for BPS visitors.

The development and validation of a revised Friendship Activity Scale and Adjective Checklist for use in the Indonesian Unified Sports program

The Friendship Activity Scale and the Adjective Checklist were initially developed in the USA for the purpose of measuring children’s attitudes towards intellectual disability (Siperstein, 1980). This research reports the development and validation of an Indonesian revision of these instruments, the Friendship Activity Observation Test (FAOT) and the Adjective Observational Checklistl (AOT) for use in its unified sports program (Special Olympics). Nine experts, with national and international level experience of 12-30 years, participated in this research. They comprised a psychometry expert, a sports psychology expert, a children with intellectual disability (ID) expert, a sport tests and measurements expert, and five unified sports trainers of children with ID. Content validity ratio (CVR) was used to assess the validity of the revised items. Following the formula proposed by Lawshe, the provision of a minimum value of CVR 0.78 was established as the criterion. Following the Delphi process, the average validity value of the items in each instrument was 0.945 for the FAOT and 0.941 for the AOT. The resulting drafts were then further tested and refined to check the content, construct, and rationale using the expert panel. The FAOT and AOT instruments when compared to the original versions were found to have increased utility in the Indonesian context as a result of increased balance in the number of indicators and items defining each factor, adjusting to the socio-cultural context of Indonesia, corresponding the instrument items and indicators to the context of unified sports for ID children, and the provision of implementation instructions, lattices instruments, as well as an observation-based rating rubric.

Attachment Styles, Various Maternal Representations and a Bond to a Baby

(1) Background: The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between: (a) new mothers’ styles of attachment to their own mothers with their representation of self as a mother as well as with their representation of one’s mother as a mother, (b) new mothers’ representation of self as a mother with their representation of one’s own mother as a mother, and (c) their bonds with their children and their styles of attachment to their own mothers. (2) Methods: A total of 86 mothers were interviewed approximately six months postpartum. The Adjective Checklist, a modified version of the Experiences in Close Relationships, and the Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire were used in the study. (3) Results: Analysis revealed a statistically significant relationship between the new mothers’ styles of attachment to their own mothers and both their representation of self as a mother and their representation of one’s mother as a mother. The relationship between representation of self as a mother and representation of one’s mother as a mother was also statistically significant. No statistically significant relationship was observed between the style of attachment to one’s mother and the bond with one’s child six months postpartum. (4) Conclusions: A deeper understanding of the relationship between these variables may improve the help system directed at young mothers.

Relationship between stress components in brazilian judo athletes

ABSTRACT Este estudo teve como objetivo descrever a relação entre os principais componentes do estresse em 93 atletas do judô masculino e feminino de nível competitivo. Os participantes preencheram quatro formulários: Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), o Brief COPE (referente às estratégias de coping), o Primary Appraisal Adjective Checklist (PAAC) e Wrestling Coping Resources Questionnaire (WCRQ). Os resultados mostraram uma relação positiva entre ameaça, dano e afeto negativo, bem como entre desafio, benefício e afeto positivo. Encontramos uma relação negativa entre avaliação cognitiva secundária e estratégias de recusa e desinvestimento comportamental. Este estudo confirmou a relação entre os componentes da teoria de Lazarus e Folkman.

Anthropomorphism of Robots: Study of Appearance and Agency (Preprint)

BACKGROUND As the prevalence of robots increases each year, understanding how we anthropomorphize and interact with them is extremely important. The three-factor theory of anthropomorphism, called the Sociality, Effectance, Elicited agent Knowledge model, guided this study. As anthropomorphism involves a person making attributions of human likeness toward a nonhuman object, this model implies that anthropomorphism can be influenced either by factors related to the person or the object. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to explore factors influencing the anthropomorphism of robots, specifically the robot’s appearance (humanoid vs nonhumanoid) and agency (autonomous vs nonautonomous). We expected a humanoid robot would be anthropomorphized to a greater extent than one that was nonhumanoid. In addition, we expected that inducing an agency belief to the effect that a robot was making its own decisions would increase anthropomorphism compared with a nonagency belief that the robot was being remotely controlled by a human. We also sought to identify any role gender might play in anthropomorphizing the robot. METHODS Participants (N=99) were primed for agency or nonagency belief conditions and then saw a brief video depicting either a humanoid or nonhumanoid robot interacting with a confederate. After viewing the video, they completed 4 measures: perception to humanoid robots scale (PERNOD), the Epley anthropomorphic adjectives measure, the Fussel anthropomorphic adjective checklist, and the Anthropomorphic Tendencies Scale (ATS). RESULTS Findings with the PERNOD scale indicated subjects did perceive the 2 robots differently, F6,86=6.59, P<.001, which means the appearance manipulation was effective. Results with the Epley adjectives indicated that participants were more willing to attribute humanlike behavioral traits to the nonhumanoid rather than the humanoid robot, F1,91=5.76, P=.02. The Fussel adjective checklist results showed that subjects were more willing to attribute humanlike social qualities to the remote controlled than the autonomous robot, F1,91=5.30, P=.02. Finally, the ATS revealed the only gender effects in this study, with females reporting more endorsement of anthropomorphism for pets (P=.02) and less for showing negative emotions toward anthropomorphized objects (P<.001) if they had witnessed the humanoid rather than the nonhumanoid robot. CONCLUSIONS Contrary to our expectations, participants were less willing to make humanlike attributions toward a robot when its morphology was more humanlike and were more willing to make those attributions when they were told that the robot was being remotely controlled by a person rather than acting on its own. In retrospect, these outcomes may have occurred because the humanoid robot used here had a smaller overall stature than the nonhumanoid robot, perhaps making it seem more toylike and because subjects made attributions toward the person behind the remote-controlled robot rather than toward the robot itself.

Realabilities

Children with disabilities are two to three times more likely to be victimized by bullying than their typical peers (Carter & Spencer, 2006). Since half of all preschool children with disabilities are now in mainstream classrooms (Diamond & Hong, 2010), it's imperative to reduce bullying and to enhance sensitivity to peers with disabilities. Since children tend to exercise more effort when they have higher expectations of their peers (Rosenthal, 1989), it's critical to showcase the competencies of children with disabilities (Siperstein et al., 2007). The following research assesses the impact of Realabilities, an animated TV show and comic book series, which emphasizes the strengths of five characters with disabilities (Autism, ADHD, Visual, Hearing and Physical Impairment) who harness their strengths and innate creativity to save their school from bullies. This chapter will present findings from five, creative Realabilities interventions using Morgan's (1996) Shared Activities Questionnaire and Siperstein and Bak's (1977) Adjective Checklist and will highlight future directions.

Masculine and Feminine Traits Perception of MBA Students

This is an exploratory Ex-post facto research orientation with the aim was to study the gender differences in perception of masculine and feminine qualities for Male and Female MBA Students. It also hypothesized to know the significant difference among Males and Females in perception of Masculine qualities, Males and Females in perception of Feminine qualities, masculine traits for MBA and Female Students, Male and Female successful Managers, feminine traits for MBA Male and Female students and successful Male and Female Managers, significant interaction effects of gender and target person (male and female MBA student’s Male and Female successful managers) on perception of masculine traits and significant interaction effects of gender and target person on perception of feminine traits. In this study, 40 subjects (male and female MBA students) .Subjects were assessed using Adjective checklist (Zaidi and Agrawal, 2003 doctoral work in progress) contains 80 qualities.43 males and 43 females by Harrison Gough Adjective Checklist The results of the study reveals that the perception of the male MBA students was found to be non-significant for both individual and interactive levels. This suggests that the male student perceive that no change at the organizational level is wanted in order of better functioning. They perceive the same traits for the successful managers for themselves as for they for female managers.

The Impact of Paralympic School Day on Student Attitudes Toward Inclusion in Physical Education

The purpose of this study was to determine if Paralympic School Day (PSD), a published disability awareness program, would have a positive impact on the attitudes of students without disabilities toward the inclusion of students with disabilities in physical education classes. Participants were 143 sixth-grade students who were divided into 2 groups (experimental n = 71, control n = 72), with the experimental group receiving the PSD treatment. Participants responded 2 times to Siperstein’s Adjective Checklist and Block’s Children’s Attitudes Toward Integrated Physical Education–Revised (CAIPE-R) questionnaire. Four ANCOVA tests were conducted. Results indicated a significant PSD treatment effect across all 4 measures: Adjective Checklist (p = .046, η2 = .03), CAIPE-R (p = .002, η2 = .04), inclusion subscale (p = .001, η2 = .05), and sport-modification subscale (p = .027, η2 = .02).