Study of the Separation of Wood Resin Into Organic Fractions Based on Individual Boiling off of Substances

Pyrogenic gums of walnut shells are raw materials for various commercial products, for example, phenols. In the process of pyrolysis, valuable organic products are formed: volatile gases — 33.5%, liquid substances (organic substances) — 35% and charcoal — 31.4%. In this work, we studied the chemical composition of the fraction of the pyrolysis resin of walnut shells using a TKP-160 Cr-MIUKhL thermostat using a refrigerator. In the resin reactor, the following products were separated: light, phenolic, naphthalene, absorbent, anthrocene and pitch. It has been established that the separated organic fractions depend on the individual boiling off of substances.

Penerapan Teknologi Epoxy Wood dan Pallet Dari Limbah Kayu Sebagai Produk Kerajinan Unik Bernilai Ekonomis Tinggi Bagi Kelompok Pengrajin di Desa Sangkanayu, Kecamatan Mrebet Kabupaten Purbalingga

Purbalingga mempunyai keunggulan ketersediaan kayu yang tinggi, kondisi tanah yang kebanyakan pegunungan sangat mendukung tumbuhnya kayu keras, hampir setiap desa memiliki jumlah tanaman keras yang melimpah. Beberapa perusahaan kayu lapis dan mebelair juga banyak menginvestasikan dibidang produksi kayu lapis dan barecore di beberapa kawasan di purbalingga. UKM mebelair, kayu lapis dan kusen membutuhkan tenaga kerja yang cukup banyak, tidak membutuhkan pendidikan formal, sehingga terbuka pengentasan tenaga kerja secara umum. UKM pengrajin mebelair dan kusen kayu di Desa Sangkanayu, Kecamatan Mrebet, Kabupaten Purbalingga, membuat model berdasarkan pesanan lokal, tidak mengikuti trend furniture terbaru, memiliki kesulitan pada pembentukan model radius dan lengkung, finishing kurang halus dan waktu yang lama. Kayu dengan lubang dan tidak simetris biasanya tidak digunakan sebagai produk kusen/furnitur, limbah kayu dalam bentuk potongan secara umum tidak dimanfaatkan, padahal volume kayu limbah pada pembentukan mencapai kurang lebih 30% dari bahan baku. UKM mebelair belum memiliki pengetahuan pembentukan kayu dari limbah untuk menjadi produk kerajinan. Disamping itu pengetahuan manajeman usaha, pengelolaan keuangan, dan metode pemasaran produk juga masih rendah hanya menunggu pelanggan, mengakibatkan UKM sulit berkembang, persaingan harga antar UKM. Permasalahan pembentukan dengan menggunakan limbah kayu dan bahan baku dalam bentuk potongan digunakan untuk pembuatan kerajinan. Pembentukan ditingkatkan dengan kemampuan untuk membentuk lengkung menggunakan cutting vertical/bendsaw, untuk percepatan pembelahan menggunakan mesin TTG circle cutting. Teknologi yang diterapkan untuk pemanfaatan limbah kayu akibat kerusakan lobang, tidak lurus, akan diubah menjadi produk bernilai ekonomis tinggi, unik dengan epoxy wood resin. Metode pembentukan produk kusen dan mebelair dari kayu (limbah) akan memberikan alternatif untuk meningkatkan nilai tambah dan pendapatan, keuntungan lainnya penggunaan epoxy juga meningkatkan daya tahan, anti rayap dan bernilai ekonomis tinggi, berpotensi memiliki brand merk yang khas. Untuk penguatan manajemen, UKM dikenalkan administrasi keuangan, dan strategi pemasaran produk secara online. Solusi diatas diharapkan akan meningkatkan daya saing dan produktifitas UKM, desain produk baru dengan memanfaatkan limbah kayu untuk menjadi produk dinding kayu, dan produk epoxy wood resin, akan meningkatkan pendapatan UKM.Kata kunci: epoxy wood resin, wooden wall, circle rotary.AbstractPurbalingga has the advantage of high wood availability, the condition of the land that is mostly mountainous strongly supports the growth of hardwood, almost every village has an abundance of perennials. Several plywood and furniture companies also invested heavily in the production of plywood and barecore in several areas in Purbalingga. Furniture furniture, p lywood and sills need a lot of workforce, do not need formal education, sothere is a general elimination of labor. UKM of furniture and wood frame craftsmen in Sangkanayu Village, Mrebet Subdistrict, Purbalingga Regency, make a model based on local orders, do not follow the latest furniture trends, have difficulty in forming radius and curved models, less smooth finishing and long time. Holey and asymmetrical wood is usually not used as a frame / furniture product, wood waste in the form of pieces is generally not utilized, even though the volume of waste wood at the formation reaches approximately 30% of the raw material. Mebelair UKM has no knowledge of wood formation from waste to become handicraft products. Besides that, business management knowledge, financial management, and product marketing methods are also still low, just waiting for customers, which makes it difficult for SMEs to develop, price competition among SMEs. The problem of formation by using wood waste and raw materials in the form of pieces is used for making crafts. Formation is enhanced by the ability to form curves using vertical cutting/bendsaw, for acceleration of cleavage using circle cutting machine. The technology applied to the utilization of wood waste due to damage to the hole, not straight, will be converted into high economic value products, unique with epoxy wood resin. The method of forming frame and furniture products from wood (waste) will provide an alternative to increase added value and income, other benefits of using epoxy also increase durability, anti termites and high economic value, potentiallyhaving a distinctive brand brand. To strengthen management, SMEs are introduced to financial administration, and online product marketing strategies. The above solution is expected to improve the competitiveness and productivity of SMEs, the design of new products by utilizing wood waste to become wood wall products, and epoxy wood resin products, will increase the income of SMEs.

Effects of accelerated aging treatment on the microstructure and mechanics of wood-resin interphase

Plywood panels prepared from loblolly pine with cured phenol resin (PF) and urea-formaldehyde resin (UF) were submitted to accelerated aging and the microstructures and mechanics of wood-resin interphase were studied by nanoindentation (NI) and nanoscale dynamic mechanical analysis (Nano-DMA). The mass loss (ML) of wood, PF and UF resins were 3.4, 5.0 and 4.6% after aging treatment, respectively, and a large amount of microcracks were observed on the surface of wood and resins after aging treatment, which also affected the static mechanics of the cell walls far from the interphase region and the resins in the interphase region. The elastic modulus (Er) and hardness (H) values of the cell wall decreased by 7.2 and 9.5%, respectively, against the untreated control. The storage and loss modulus of the resins decreased significantly after aging treatment. The significant inconsistency in the mechanics, shrinkage and swelling properties of wood cell wall and resin in the interphase region after aging treatment resulted in a decrease of about 47 and 51% on the average bonding strength of the plywood made of PF and UF resins, respectively.

Study of the effect of fractional composition and processing wood filler on water absorption of the composite

The result of this study is to reduce the water uptake of wood at 35% by the proposed process and the thickness of the protective layer of water uptake of wood resin and sand composite (DPPK) can be reduced to 1 %, and the polymer-sand composite may be called a water-resistant, as well as wood-based composition it is based on the wood species and does not affect the water absorption DPPK.

Thermal Behaviour of Hardwood and Softwood Composites

In the present study, the thermongravimetric analysis (TGA) of laboratory hardwood and softwood particleboard was studied. The TGA showed that both hardwood and softwood have similar thermal behaviour at the same peak temperature. However, softwood is concluded to have higher fire retardancy as more char formation happened in softwood. A further study was carried out to compare the thermal behaviour of laboratory manufactured boards with the commercial grade boards. Superior thermal stability of commercial particleboard had confirmed its effective crosslinking and wood-resin adhesion.