Comparison of McGrath Videolaryngoscope and Macintosh Laryngoscope in Children with Torticollis: Randomized Controlled Trial

We investigated the efficacy of the McGrath videolaryngoscope compared with the Macintosh laryngoscope in children with torticollis. Thirty children aged 1–10 years who underwent surgical release of torticollis were randomly assigned into the McGrath and Macintosh groups. Orotracheal intubation was performed by a skilled anesthesiologist. The primary outcome was the intubation time. The Cormack–Lehane grade, lifting force, intubation difficulty scale (IDS), difficulty level, and intubation failure rate were also assessed. The intubation time was significantly longer in the McGrath group than in the Macintosh group (31.4 ± 6.7 s vs. 26.1 ± 5.4 s, p = 0.025). Additionally, the Cormack–Lehane grades were comparable between the groups (p = 0.101). The lifting force and IDS were significantly lower in the McGrath group than in the Macintosh group (p < 0.001 and p = 0.022, respectively). No significant differences were observed with respect to endotracheal intubation difficulty and intubation success rate. Intubation-related complications were also not observed. In conclusion, compared with the Macintosh laryngoscope, the McGrath videolaryngoscope extended the intubation time and did not improve glottic visualization in children with torticollis, despite having a lesser lifting force, lower intubation difficulty scale, and similar success rate.

Influence of a rough surface on the aerodynamic characteristics of a rotating cylinder

The article considers the influence of the relative roughness of a cylindrical blade on aerodynamic characteristics. It is known that the operation basis of blades under consideration is the Magnus effect, which is characterized by appearance of a lifting force (Magnus force), when the cylinders rotate in a transverse flow. This force is used to rotate the wind wheel, similar to lifting force, but can have a much larger value when selecting optimal conditions, both geometric and aerodynamic. The authors conducted a comparative analysis of cylinder layout with a relative roughness (0.005 ÷ 0.02). Experimental studies of aerodynamics process of rotating cylinders were carried out in the aerodynamic laboratory using the T-1-M wind tunnel at an air flow value of 5 to 15 m/s. Graphs of dependences of rotating cylinder's lifting force and drag force on the changing air flow velocity and on relative roughness, k/d, are obtained. For further study experimental cylinder layout’s aerodynamic parameters, the most optimal is the variant with a relative roughness value of 0.02, which had high indicators, was selected. In the course of experimental studies, graphs of the dependence of the values of lift and drag force on the angles of attack of a single rotating cylinder with a rough surface on the speed and angle of attack of the wind flow (0°, 30° and 60°) were obtained. It is established that the effective angle of attack is 0°, at which aerodynamic characteristics’s maximum values were obtained.

INFLUENCE OF THE DISTANCE TO THE INTERFACE AND THE SOLID COVER ON THE HYDRODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE WING PROFILE IN A TWO-LAYER FLOW

The motion of the hydrofoil in the liquid flow between the solid cover and the interface of liquids with significantly different densities is modeled. The method of boundary singularities is applied. The results of calculations of the lifting force, hydrodynamic moment, and wave amplitude at the interface depending on the immersion of the hydrofoil are obtained and analyzed.

The Concept of an Inflatable Reusable Launch Vehicle

This article discusses the concept of a launch vehicle with an inflatable reusable first stage. The first stage may be in the form of an inflatable streamlined thin-walled tank with a low bulk density (which may be less than the standard sea-level density of air). Compressed light gases (hydrogen, helium) ensure the rigidity of the inflatable thin-walled tank. For return to Earth, the first stage is slows down in the upper atmosphere. In the lower atmosphere, the aerostatic lifting force exceeds the Earth's gravity. Thus, the first stage will float in the air (this will prevents its destruction). Then the first stage returns to the spaceport for reuse. The inflatable first stage of a launch vehicle will be very large. Therefore, the main purpose of this article is to study the influence of aerodynamic losses on the payload. The mass of the inflatable first stage and its vertical and horizontal stiffness will also be calculate (as a first approximation). These are the main questions that need to be answer for the opportunity further developed the concept. Therefore, this article should be consider as a preliminary study, not claiming to be complete.

New technology for preparing acidophilic steread with improved biotechnological properties

The studies of the effect of barley flour on the processes occurring during the production of acidophilic sourdough have been carried out. It was found that the introduction of barley flour in the preparation of saccharified brew for the breeding cycle of the starter leads to an improvement in its lifting force and acceleration of acid accumulation. The best result was observed when barley flour was introduced in an amount of 5% - 10% of the flour mass in the dough. Improvement of the biotechnological parameters of the starter culture with the introduction of 5% - 10% of barley flour is accompanied by a reduction in the period of its ripening by 60-120 minutes. A new technology for the preparation of acidophilic starter culture using barley flour has been developed, which enriches the amino acid and vitamin composition of the nutrient substrate and intensifies the process of preparing the starter culture, improving its biotechnological properties.

Achieving of Magnus Effect with Agros Suite

When the rotating body gets into the ambiance flow appears the lifting force, called Magnus Effect. That lifting force may be controlled by changing the revolution speed of the body. That phenomenon uses in many engineering applications like wind turbines and marine ships. In this paper, the Magnus Effect simulation is achieved with Agros Suite, a multiplatform application for the solution of physical problems. The article presents the nature of the Magnus Effect and discusses possible applications in engineering. The research question is focused on demonstrating the Magnus Effect with Agros Suite and evaluating the computational power of the personal computer that runs the simulation. The simulation is made keeping in mind the possible application of the Agros Suite tools for Magnus-Effect-based wind generator control algorithms optimization. The simulation result analysis shows that Agros Suite is a reliable tool in accessing and simulation of such phenomena.

A COMPARISON STUDY ON THE RESISTANCE CALCULATION OF PLANNING BOAT

Calculation of the resistance and trim of highspeed boat at planning regime is a complex hydrodynamic problem. At the planning regime, with the aid of lifting force, the boat is lifted over the water surface with high trim angle. Many methods have been applied to calculate the resistance and the trim of the high-speed boat at this planning regime. This paper will study the two typical methods, the first one is empirical method by Savitsky [1] and the second one is the computational fluid dynamic method (CFD). The calculation results of two methods are compared with experimental results.

Substantiation of Parameters of Friction Elements of Bernoulli Grippers With a Cylindrical Nozzle

The article provides a step-by-step justification of the parameters of the friction elements of the Bernoulli gripping devices with a cylindrical nozzle. The effect of friction element parameters on the lifting force of Bernoulli grippers with the classic design of the active surface and with the rounded-off nozzle and flat and toroidal surface is considered. Influence of friction elements location radius on grip lifting force is considered. Influence of friction elements shape on grip lifting force is considered. Effect of friction coefficient between friction elements of grip and object of manipulation on minimum required lifting force in order to perform handling operation is investigated. Influence of number of friction elements on Bernoulli grip lifting force is considered. For the grip design with the rounded-off nose and flat and toroidal surface when the elliptical friction elements overlap the end gap by 73%, the lifting force will increase by 7% in torsion with the lifting force without the friction elements.

Numerical Study of The Airfoil Pitch Angle on The Darrieus-Savonius Combination Turbine

The Darrieus turbine is used as an ocean current converter to generate renewable electrical energy. One way to improve turbine performance is to determine the optimal pitch angle. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the optimal pitch angle of the NACA 0018 airfoil with angle variations of -6°, -2°, 0° and 2°. Numerical method with the help of Ansy Fluent software was carried out for the construction of the turbine. The result of this research is that the angle of 2° produces the largest coefficient of power and torque compared to other angles. This happens because the direction of the lifting force on the forward airfoil is in accordance with the rotation of the turbine.Keywords: Ocean Current, Turbine, Pitch Angle