Drug utility pattern of antiulcer agents used in osteoarthritis patients at tertiary care hospital

Background: Osteoarthritis is the most common form of joint disease and the leading cause of pain in elderly people. Osteoarthritis (OA) is a progressive and painful chronic disease that mainly affects knee, hand and hip joints.Aim of study was to evaluate current trend of antiulcer drugs and to assess the group of antiulcer agents use in osteoarthritis patient.Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital for period of twelve months in collaboration with department of orthopaedics. Patients data recorded in case report form and analysed to study prescription pattern and related information Results: Total of 630 cases were enrolled in this study. Prescribed antiulcer drugs in OA were ranitidine, omeprazole, pantoprazole, rabeprazole, sucralfate and esomeprazole. Most commonly prescribed drug was Ranitidine i.e. 80.79% followed by omeprazole i.e. 8.42% pantoprazole i.e. 3.97% rabeprazole i.e. 3.81%, sucralfate i.e. 2.53% and esomeprazole i.e. 0.48% respectively. In this study, the commonest group prescribed was H2 blockers i.e. 80.79% followed by proton pump inhibitors i.e. 16.68%, and ulcer healing agent i.e. 2.53% respectively.Conclusions: Most commonly prescribed drug was ranitidine followed by omeprazole, pantoprazole, rabeprazole, sucralfate and esomeprazole respectively. In this study, the commonest group prescribed was H2 blockers followed by proton pump inhibitors, and ulcer healing agent respectively.

Antiulcer Agents: From Plant Extracts to Phytochemicals in Healing Promotion

In this narrative review, we have comprehensively reviewed the plant sources used as antiulcer agents. From traditional uses as herbal remedies, we have moved on to preclinical evidence, critically discussing the in vitro and in vivo studies focusing on plant extracts and even isolated phytochemicals with antiulcerogenic potential. A particular emphasis was also paid to Helicobacter pylori activity, with emphasis on involved mechanisms of action. Lastly, the issue of safety profile of these plant products has also been addressed.

Pantoprazole-Induced Delirium: Review of a Case and Associated Literature

Background. Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are frequently prescribed antiulcer agents in hospitals and are shown to be safer than H-2 blockers. We present a case report of PPI-induced delirium, regarding which not much has been written in the literature. Case Report. We present a case of a 93-year-old woman with no known past psychiatric history, who was hospitalized for syncope workup and who developed delirium after a double dose of pantoprazole. Discussion. Very few reports of PPI-induced delirium exist in the literature. In this case report, we attempt to highlight the mechanism of PPI induced delirium which in our case was most likely due to the primary effects of PPI and drug-drug interactions. Given the paucity of literature on this topic, we encourage further research into relationship between PPI and delirium and urge caution while using PPIs in geriatric population.

Pharmacognostic Studies of the Stem Bark of Enantia chlorantha Oliver (Annonaceae)

Enantia chlorantha Oliver (Annonaceae) is commonly known as African yellow wood used as hepatoprotective, antiviral, antimalarial, antibacterial and antiulcer agents. The study was aimed to investigate the pharmacognostic and physiochemical parameters of E. chlorantha stem bark. The macroscopy, microscopy and chemomicroscopy of E. chlorantha were carried out using standard methods. Cell wall materials, cell inclusions and other diagnostic characters, which can aid in the easy and proper identification of the plant, were identified. The microscopic studies revealed the presence of sclereids, fibres, medullary ray, and calcium oxalate prisms. The physiochemical evaluation of was done, in order to ascertain quality and purity. This study provides additional useful information needed for determination of its identity and quality that can be added as enrichment of the pharmacopoeia of the plant.Keywords: Pharmacognostic, Stem Bark, Enantia chlorantha