Effect of combined glucocorticoid therapy on bronchial asthma dynamics

This work is aimed to compare the effectiveness of parenteral and inhalation bronchial asthma treatment in combination with glucocorticosteroids and bronchodilators. The study was conducted in 2020 in Botkin City Clinical Hospital (Moscow, the Russian Federation). Case histories of 106 patients diagnosed with bronchial asthma exacerbation of moderate severity were analyzed. Patients were divided into two equal groups based on the therapy method: (1) Group 1 received systemic glucocorticosteroids parenterally in combination with inhalation glucocorticosteroids; (2) Group 2 received systemic glucocorticosteroids parenterally, but inhalation therapy was performed with a nebulizer. Clinical manifestations of bronchial asthma have been recorded. During hospital admission, the breath rate was 22.0 for Group 1 and 21.5 for Group 2, P ≥ 0.05, and heart rates were 93.0 and 92.5, respectively (P ≥ 0.05). All indices (blood saturation, breath rate, peak output rate) in Group 1 remained unchanged 4 h after the start of the therapy, while in Group 2, peak flow rate changed to 53.5% with a median increase of 72.0 ml over 4 h, P ≤ 0.05. On Day 3, patients of Group 1 demonstrated a peak flow rate of 59.5%, P ≤ 0.05, and on Day 10, patients of Group 2 had a peak output rate of 53.0 and 59.5%, respectively (P ≤ 0.05). Systemic glucocorticoids were eliminated in 47 patients of Group 1 and in all patients of Group 2. The treatment tactics applied in Group 2 resulted in faster and more significant improvement in patients diagnosed with bronchial asthma exacerbation. Both treatment regimens showed high results.

PENGEMBANGAN PLATFORM ONLINE SIMULASI VIRTUAL PENGUJIAN DAN KALIBRASI VENTILATOR BERBASIS BROWSER

Ventilator merupakan alat kesehatan yang paling dibutuhkan di masa pandemi ini. Berbagai institusi telah berusaha mengembangkan ventilator, akan tetapi banyak yang terkendala dengan hasil pengujian dan kalibrasinya yang tidak sesuai. Hal ini dikarenakan ketidaktahuan terhadap metode pengujian dan kalibrasi ventilator yang sesuai standar. Oleh karena itu, dikembangkanlah platform Platform Online Simulasi Virtual Pengujian dan Kalibrasi Ventilator Berbasis Browser. Platform ini kedepannya akan digunakan oleh institusi pengembang ventilator untuk melakukan pembelajaran dan meningkatkan kompetensi melalui pelatihan terkait pengujian dan kalibrasi ventilator. Penelitian ini dibatasi dengan menggunakan beberapa ruang lingkup pengujian yaitu tidal volume, minute volume, breath rate, I:E ratio, PEEP, inspiration time, dan Expiration time. Tahapan metode penelitian yang akan dilakukan mulai dari studi literatur, produk, library, algoritma, pengumpulan data ventilator dan gas flow analyzer, dilanjutkan dengan desain sistem, antarmuka pengguna, dan elemen visual, kemudian dilakukan pengembangan sistem dan antarmuka pengguna, lalu dilakukan pengujian fungsi, dan pengalaman pengguna. Hasil pengujian menunjukan seluruh fungsi 100% terlaksana dengan baik dan pengalaman pengguna 38% menunjukkan setuju dengan kriteria pengalaman pengguna yang terdiri dari Daya Tarik, Efisiensi, Perspicuity, Ketergantungan, Stimulasi, Novelty, Kepercayaan, Estetika, Adaptabilitas, Kegunaan, Penggunaan Intuitif, Nilai, Konten yang Dapat Dipercaya, Kualitas Isi, Haptics, dan Akustik

A Comparative Study on Oxygen Saturation, Breath Rate, Lung Parameters, Anxiety and Depression Level in Geriatric Population

Background: Ageing has been associated with multiple medical conditions mainly due to impaired immune mechanisms and deteriorating physiological reserves such as declining physical health, increased risk for mental and emotional problems, economic constraints, changing roles and changing lifestyles. Chronic psychological and physical illnesses among geriatrics were studied univocally. Hence present study aimed to compare the effect of yoga techniques and conventional exercises. Methods: 40 subjects participated in the form of group therapy based on the selection criteria. Yoga group received yogic Relaxation and pranayama (10 min each) and exercise group received supine rest and diaphragmatic breathing (10 min each) for four days per weeks continued for three months. Outcome measures were evaluated before the intervention and after three months of participation. Results: The Oxygen saturation in yoga group were 96.4±1.39 and 97.05±1.19, and in exercise group 96.7±1.45 and 97.7± 0.73 in pre and post assessment. The breath rates in yoga group were reduced to an average of 19.1 and 19.65 in exercise group after 3 months. The mean vital capacity (L/min), FEV1 (mL/sec), FVC (L/min) in yoga group after 3 months were 1.72 ± 0.2, 1.53 ± 0.17 and 1.47 ± 0.1 and in exercise group were 0.72 ± 0.13, 0.70 ± 0.13 and 0.69 ± 0.13 after the intervention. The mean anxiety and depression measured with HADS were 8.9 ± 0.8 & 7.45 ± 0.75 and 9.0 ± 0.72 & 7.9 ± 0.8 pre and post respectively in Yoga Group & Exercise Group. Conclusion: Yogic relaxation and pranayama is equally effective in supine rest and diaphragmatic breathing in improving oxygen saturation, breath rate, lung parameters and anxiety and depression in geriatrics.

A study of risk analysis and prognosis models for the mortality of sepsis based on real-world data in China

Background: The study aimed to explore the factors associated with the mortality of sepsis and to develop prognosis models for predicting outcomes based on real world data in China. Methods: Data regarding sepsis patients medical records were extracted from the hospital information systems in four hospitals. The data included general information, laboratory tests, score systems, and supportive treatment for sepsis. In total, 507 medical records with complete data were available for data analysis. Multiple variable regression (MR) analysis used to explore associations, and to develop prognosis models Results: The mortality of sepsis was 0.3124 in the total sample. A univariate analysis indicated 23 variables significantly associated with the mortality of sepsis (p <0.05 for all). The MLR analysis showed independent and significant variables of age, GCS, SOFA, shock, breath rate, TBIL, CHE, BUN, LAC, OI, HCO3, IMV, and ALB (P <0.05 for all). Prognosis models have a high predictive performance (AUC = 0.885, 95% CI: 0.854 to 0.917 in model2). Conclusion: The study showed evidence of independent and significant factors associated with the mortality of sepsis, including age, GCS, SOFA, septic shock, breath rate, TBIL, CHE, BUN, LAC, OI, HCO3, IMV, and ALB. Prognosis models with a high performance were developed.

Differences of Respiratory Rate Between Salbutamol and Aminofilin in Exacerbation Asthma

Exacerbation of asthma is a progressive step in progressive breathing, coughing, wheezing, breathing. In Indonesia salbutamol nebulation is used for the therapy of the first exacerbation attack. In addition, intravenous aminophylline is also recommended as a therapy, even if the use of aminophylline abroad is reduced due to its smaller effectiveness and often leads to greater unwanted reaction events. The effectiveness of asthma exacerbation therapy needs to be monitored and one of the monitoring parameters that is easily seen is the rate of breath.The aim of this study was to investigate the difference in respiratory rate values using salbutamol nebulisation and intravenous aminophylline in patients with asthma exacerbations in hospitals in Surabaya. The research was conducted by using quasi experimental method and data collection by purposive sampling. Analysis of the data to be used is a independent t-test. The results showed that the salbutamol group decreased respiratory rate by 50.00%, there were also patients who experienced an increase of breath rate of 13.64%. In the aminophylline group experienced a decrease in respiratory rate of 43.75% with an increase of breath rate of 18.75%. From the results of the study, it is necessary to monitor the effectiveness and the need to monitor the unwanted reactions of both treatments so that the therapies produced in the treatment of asthma exacerbations are more effective.Key words: Aminophylline, exacerbation asthma, respiratory rate, salbutamol