Ethnobotany and phytochemical analysis of Jatropha Tanjorensis in Mubi Adamawa State, Nigeria

This study was focused on the ethanobotanical survey, phytochemical and proximate analysis of Jatropha tanjorensis in Mubi. The ethnobotanical survey was carried out in some selected parts of both Mubi North and South local government area through oral interview using traditional medicine practioners and some householders as the interviewee. After air drying, pulverizing and extracting the bioactive constituents of the leaf using ethanol and water as solvents, the phytochemical and proximate analysis were carried out using a standard procedures. The ethnobotanical survey showed that, J. tanjorensis were used in the study area as a remedy to diseases such as: measles, scabies, malaria, high blood pressure, stomach ache, diabetes mellitus, eczema and anaemia with 74 % of the interviewee mentioning leaves as part mostly used. The qualitative phytochemical screening indicated the presence of compounds, namely: tannins, alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, saponins, terpenoids, glycosides and anthraquinones in both the ethanoic and aqueous leaf extracts except terpenoids which was not detected in the ethanolic extract. The quantitative analysis showed glycosides (4.12 mg/100 g) and flavonoids (3.45 mg/100 g) as the highest compound in the ethanolic and aqueous extracts respectively. Carbohydrate was shown to be the highest proximate constituent with 52.38 % and fat the least with 1.76 %. Therefore, J. tanjorensis is rich in bioactive constituents and the leaves are mostly the plant part used as a remedy to illnesses such measles, scabies, malaria, high blood pressure, stomach ache, diabetes mellitus, eczema and anaemia.

Evaluation of Effectiveness of Anti Hangover Oral Film in the Management of Alcohol Induced Hangover Symptoms

Alcohol induced hangover symptoms are experienced the day after alcohol consumption. Curcumin is polyphenolic compound available in turmeric with strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Curcumin is tested as one of the best, in alleviating the hangover symptoms. The anti-hangover properties of curcumin were evaluated in the present study. 42 subjects received the active anti-hangover oral film and 16 subjects received placebo. Subjects who received the active anti-hangover oral film showed complete absence of symptoms like dizziness, stomach ache and palpitation as compared to placebo. 2–5% of the subjects in the active group experienced headache, loss of appetite and nausea as compared to 56% to 87% in the placebo group. There was no problem with concentration at work in 71% of the subjects in the active group as compared to 38% in the placebo group. Relief from hangover symptoms was good to excellent in the active group as compared to no relief in the placebo group. The anti-hangover oral film containing curcumin was safe and effective in minimizing or completely eliminating the hangover symptoms.

Etnobotani Tumbuhan Obat Solanaceae Pada Masyarakat Suku Kerinci Di Wilayah Lempur Kabupaten Kerinci Provinsi Jambi

The Kerinci tribe is a traditional community that has long had close interactions with the living natural resources and its ecosystem. The lempur region is the oldest area in kerinci which is inhabited by native Kerinci tribes. Research on ethnobotany of medicinal plants in this region is still very small because there are still a number of villages that have not yet been explored and documented. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a study to obtain data and information on the ethnobotany of medicinal plants in this region. The purpose of this study was to determine the diversity of medicinal plant species and how to use the Zingiberaceae medicinal plant by the Kerinci tribe in the Lempur region. The research method was carried out using descriptive method through field observations and interviews. Based on the research that has been done, there are 5 types of medicinal plants Solanaceae. The benefits of this plant can treat diseases such as, sore eyes, blood booster disease, hypertension, asthma, and stomach ache.

MANTRA PENGOBATAN DAN LAMUT TATAMBA SEBAGAI MEDIA PENYEMBUHAN DALAM MASYARAKAT BANJAR (KALIMANTAN SELATAN) Medication Mantra and Lamut Tatamba as Healing Media in Banjar People (South Kalimantan)

AbstrakTujuan dari penelitian ini adalah sebagai berikut, 1) apa bentuk (wujud) mantra pengobatan dan lamut tatamba yang berupa tradisi tutur tunggal yang ada dalam masyarakat Banjar di Kalimantan Selatan; 2) apa yang membuat mantra pengobatan dan lamut tatamba masih menjadi media alternatif; 3) apa sajakah penyakit-penyakit yang menjadi objek penyembuhan bagi mantra pengobatan dan lamut tatamba; dan 4) apa saja media yang digunakan dalam lamut tatamba untuk menyembuhkan sebuah penyakit. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan teknik studi pustaka. Berdasarkan hasil analisis dapat diketahui bahwa bentuk mantra pengobatan terdiri atas mantra sempurna dan tidak sempurna. Corak mantra pengobatan terdiri atas pantun, ungkapan, dan syair penyakit-penyakit yang dapat disembuhkan oleh mantra pengobatan dan lamut tatamba antara lain penyakit mag, penyakit perut, sakit kepala, mata, dan lain-lain.Kata kunci: Mantra, lamut, pengobatan tradisional, tradisi lisanAbstractThe objectives of this study are as follows. 1) to find out the forms of medication mantra and medication lamut (lamut tatamba) which is a single speech tradition in the Banjar people in South Kalimantan; 2) to find out the reason why medication mantra and medication lamut are still an alternative healing medium for diseases; 3) what diseases are the objects of healing for medication mantra and medication lamut (lamut tatamba); and 4) to find out what media are used in medication lamut (lamut tatamba) to heal diseases. This research uses descriptive qualitative method with library techniques. The results of the analysis show that healing mantras consist of perfect and imperfect mantras. The style of healing mantras consists of rhymes, phrases and rhymes the mantra and lamut tatamba can heal several diseases such as heartburn, stomach ache, headaches, eyes, and others.Keywords: Mantra, lamut, medication tradtinionally, oral traditionTujuan dari penelitian ini adalah sebagai berikut, 1) apa bentuk (wujud) mantra pengobatan dan lamut tatamba yang berupa tradisi tutur tunggal yang ada dalam masyarakat Banjar di Kalimantan Selatan; 2) apa yang membuat mantra pengobatan dan lamut tatamba masih menjadi media alternatif; 3) apa sajakah penyakit-penyakit yang menjadi objek penyembuhan bagi mantra pengobatan dan lamut tatamba; dan 4) apa saja media yang digunakan dalam lamut tatamba untuk menyembuhkan sebuah penyakit. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan teknik studi pustaka. Berdasarkan hasil analisis dapat diketahui bahwa bentuk mantra pengobatan terdiri atas mantra sempurna dan tidak sempurna. Corak mantra pengobatan terdiri atas pantun, ungkapan, dan syair penyakit-penyakit yang dapat disembuhkan oleh mantra pengobatan dan lamut tatamba antara lain penyakit mag, penyakit perut, sakit kepala, mata, dan lain-lain. Kata kunci: Mantra, lamut, pengobatan tradisional, tradisi lisan

Sesquiterpene from Myanmar Medicinal Plant (Curcuma comosa)

Curcuma comosa (Zingiberaceae) is widely grown in tropical and subtropical areas of Asia, like Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia, and Myanmar. In Myanmar, the rhizome of Curcuma comosa is called Sa-nwin-ga, and local people had used it as a traditional medicine for stomach ache, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension. This species produces secondary metabolites of phenolic and nonphenolic groups. Phenolic groups like diarylheptanoids and flavonoids. While nonphenolics are terpenoids, especially sesqui- and monoterpenes. In this chapter, the group of sesquiterpene compounds from Curcuma comosa starts from the isolation technique, followed by the elucidation of the molecular structure, and their activity tests have been discussed.

Disengagement is as revealing as prosocial action for young children’s responding to strangers in distress: How personal distress and empathic concern come into play

In a paradigm of simulated stranger distress designed to elicit empathic arousal, this study examined multiple elements of responding in 61 preschoolers. Disengagement from stranger distress was underscored in addition to prosocial responding. All children encountered a female adult stranger feigning stomach ache followed by an infant manikin emitting cry sound in a bassinet. Behaviors were coded for other-oriented behaviors, personal distress, and disengagement. In contrast to the traditional supposition, behaviors indicative of personal distress covaried positively with empathic concern and negatively with disengagement. The findings of multiple regression analysis demonstrated how empathic concern and personal distress jointly related to disengaging behaviors in children’s response to stranger distress.

RESEPSI AL-QUR’AN SEBAGAI MEDIUM PENYEMBUHAN DALAM TRADISI BEJAMPI DI LOMBOK

Al-Qur’an as a guide for Muslims necessitates interaction between people and verses of the Qur’an. The interaction between the Qur'an and Muslims gave birth to a diverse reception. Lombok Muslims’ reception of the Qur’an is manifested in a tradition called bejampi. Bejampi is a healing treatment using verses of the Qur'an. The use of the Qur’an for healing is rather contradictory to the advancement of medical knowledge. On this basis, this study tries to describe the motives that encourage the the practitioners to still preserve the bejampi tradition. To be able to identify these motives, this study uses a phenomenological approach with interpretive-explorative analysis. It concludes that bejampi tradition was born out of a practice called ngaji tau loqaq. The bejampi tradition in Lombok has strong historical roots and expresses a strong religiosity. Pejampi are those who have attended ngaji tau loqaq and comprehended hakikat and makrifat knowledge. In bejampi, the verses of the Qur’an are used to cure diseases, such as fever, stomach ache, headache, gout and eye pain. This reception is basically a form of cultural and exegesis receptions, which results from Lombok Muslims’ projection on the function of the Qur'an as a cure for all ills. This projection then becomes a cultural memory that forms the tradition of bejampi.

Ethnomedicine for stomach ache by the Tribes of Khammam district, Andhra Pradesh

The paper deals with 27 species of plants used by the tribes of Khammam district, Andhra Pradesh, for curing stomach ache. Capparis brevispina and17 practices were found to be less known.