Efektifitas Teknik Anger Management dalam Mengelola Emosi Marah yang dilakukan melalui e-counseling di SMP Islam Al Azhar 12 Rawamangun

EFEKTIFITAS TEKNIK ANGER MANAGEMENT DALAM MENGELOLA EMOSI MARAH YANG DILAKUKAN MELALUI E-COUNSELING DI SMP ISLAM AL AZHAR 12 RAWAMANGUN EFEKTIFITAS TEKNIK ANGER MANAGEMENT DALAM MENGELOLA EMOSI MARAH YANG DILAKUKAN MELALUI E-COUNSELING DI SMP ISLAM AL AZHAR 12 RAWAMANGUN Ayu Lestari ABSTRAK Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh teknik anger management dalam mengelola emosi marah pada satu siswa kelas IX di SMPI Al Azhar 12 Rawamangun. Metode penelitian adalah Single Subject Research dengan desain penelitian A-B. Pengumpulan data menggunakan instrumen observasi yang dikembangkan melalui indikator pengekspresian kemarahan oleh Spielberger yaitu Anger In, Anger Out, dan Anger Control. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis dalam kondisi dan analisis antar kondisi. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adalah pada indikator Anger In mengalami penurunan dari kondisi baseline 13,7(sangat rendah) dan kondisi intervensi sebesar 13,6 (sangat rendah) hal yang sama terjadi pada indikator Anger Out mengalami penurunan sebesar pada baseline sebesar 30 (sangat tinggi) dan setelah intervensi menjadi 17,4 ( sedang) sesedangkan pada indikator Anger Control menunjukkan peningkatan, pada baseline diperoleh rata-rata sebesar 9 ( sangat rendah) dan setelah intervensi menjadi 23 (tinggi) . kenaikan dan penurunan pada anger out dan anger control tidak harus sama , bisa lebih besar pada kenaikan di anger in dan lebih kecil penurunan di anger out maupun sebaliknya. Adanya penurunan pada Anger Out dan adanya peningkatan pada Anger Control menunjukkan bahwa anger management berpengaruh dalam membantu anak dalam mengelola ekspresi emosi marahnya. The research aims to find out the influence of anger management techniques in managing angry emotions in one grade IX student at SMPI Al Azhar 12 Rawamangun. The research method is Single Subject Research with A-B research design. Data collection uses observation instruments developed through Spielberger's anger expression indicators Anger In, Anger Out, and Anger Control. Data analysis techniques use analysis in conditions and analysis between conditions. The results obtained from this study are in anger in indicators decreased from baseline conditions of 13.7 (very low) and intervention conditions of 13.6 (very low) the same thing occurred in anger out indicator decreased by 30 (very high) baseline and after intervention to 17.4 ( moderate) as in anger control indicator showed improvement, on the baseline obtained an average of 9 ( very low) and after intervention to 23 (high) . increase and decrease in anger out and anger control does not have to be the same, it can be greater on the increase in anger in and smaller decrease in anger out or vice versa. The decrease in Anger Out and the increase in Anger Control shows that anger management has an effect in helping children manage their expressions of angry emotions. . Keywords: Anger, Anger Expression, Anger In, Anger Out, Anger Control, behavior, cognitive, Individual counseling, Anger Management

IS MENTAL HEALTH RESPONSIBLE FOR ANGER OUTBURSTS AND ULTIMATELY HYPERTENSION?

Objectives: To explore the relationship of depression, anxiety, and stress (mental health) with anger dimensions and to study that if these mental states predict hypertension disease? Methodology: Cross-sectional research design was used in the current research. Data was collected from 3 public sector hospitals of Lahore from May 15, 2019 to September 30, 2019. Sample of (N = 240) consecutive hypertensive patients with Mage 43.0707 ± 7.99 were recruited. Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (Lovibond & Lovibond, 1995), and State Trait Anger Expression Inventory (Spielberger, 1988) were used for data collection. Descriptive statistics, logistic regression, and independent samples t-test were carried on for data analyses. Results: Significant positive correlation of depression, anxiety, and stress with anger dimensions was explore. Depression appeared as predictors of state anger, trait anger, anger in, anger control, and total anger (p<0.05). Anxiety emerged as predictor of state anger, trait anger, anger in, anger control, and total anger and stress as predictor of state anger, trait anger, anger in, anger control, and total anger. Significant gender differences appeared in depression, anxiety, stress, state anger, trait anger, anger in, anger control, and total anger (p<0.05). Conclusion: Depression, anxiety, and stress have a significant relationship with anger and hypertension disease.

Adolescent Attachment Profiles Are Associated With Mental Health and Risk-Taking Behavior

This person-oriented study aimed to identify adolescents’ hierarchical attachment profiles with parents and peers, and to analyze associations between the profiles and adolescent psychosocial adjustment. Participants were 449 Finnish 17–19-year-olds reporting their attachments to mother, father, best friend, and romantic partner and details on mental health (internalizing symptoms, inattention/hyperactivity, and anger control problems) and risk-taking behavior (substance use and sexual risk-taking). Attachment was measured with Experiences in Close Relationships – Relationship Structures (ECR-RS); internalizing, inattention/hyperactivity, and anger control problems with Self-Report of Personality — Adolescent (SRP—A) of the Behavior Assessment System for Children, third edition (BASC-3); substance use with the Consumption scale of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT-C) and items from the Finnish School Health Promotion Study; and sexual risk-taking behavior with the Cognitive Appraisal of Risky Events (CARE). Latent profile analysis identified five attachment profiles: “All secure” (39%), “All insecure” (11%), “Parents insecure – Peers secure” (21%), “Parents secure – Friend insecure” (10%), and “Parents secure – Partner insecure” (19%). “All insecure” adolescents showed the highest and “All secure” adolescents the lowest levels of mental health problems and substance use. Further, parental attachment security seemed to specifically prevent substance use and anger control problems, while peer attachment security prevented internalizing problems. Our findings help both understand the organization of attachment hierarchies in adolescence and refine the role of specific attachment relationships in psychosocial adjustment, which can be important for clinical interventions in adolescence.

The Contribution of Cognitive Impulsivity to Criminal Risk

<p>Impulsivity increases risk for general, violent and sexual offending. Accordingly, helping offenders to become better regulators of their impulses is one goal of offender rehabilitation. In a correctional setting, the assessment of impulsivity focuses on personality and behaviour, but not cognition; cognitive impulse control impairments are inferred from personality styles and behavioural patterns suggestive of acting before thinking. However, empirical findings challenge the validity of inferring cognition from personality and behavioural measures. Additionally, without assessing cognition, practitioners are limited in their ability to isolate which cognitive processes are most impaired and therefore worthy of intervention for individual offenders. To establish the contribution of cognitive impulse control to criminal risk, a theoretically derived, empirically supported neurocognitive assessment framework was adopted. The framework is based on the notion that impulsive behaviour arises from three, potentially dissociable skill domains that support impulse control: decisionmaking, perceptual and motor impulse control. A cohort of 77 men attending intensive cognitive-behavioural rehabilitation was recruited from four of New Zealand’s prison-based Special Treatment Unit Rehabilitation Programmes (STURPs). A neurocognitive battery of five tasks collectively representing each cognitive impulse control domain was administered before and after the 8-month treatment programme. Study One explored pre-treatment clinically impaired performance within and across each cognitive impulse control domain. Compared to normative data, performance was typically in the average to below average range, but it was not clinically impaired overall. When performance was clinically impaired, it was most pronounced on tasks requiring cognitive flexibility. Study Two explored treatment change in cognitive impulse control. The study also compared pre-treatment cognitive impulse control between offenders who went on to complete the treatment programme and those who were prematurely removed for responsivity or conduct-related issues. No pre-treatment cognitive impulse control differences were found between treatment completers and non-completers. Treatment completers displayed small pre-post treatment improvements in some areas of cognitive impulse control, but not others. Study Three explored cross-sectional and predictive relationships between cognitive impulse control, dynamic criminal risk, trait anger and anger control. Although there was little association between these variables before treatment, some cognitive impulse control outcomes predicted post-treatment dynamic criminal risk, trait anger and anger control. Thus, the evidence suggested that certain aspects of cognitive impulse control might function as facilitators of treatment change. Together, the findings highlighted the importance of evaluating cognitive impulse control as part of the risk assessment, and clinical formulation process. The findings also suggested that interventions designed to develop cognitive impulse control abilities either before, or as a complement to traditional cognitive-behavioural interventions, have the potential to maximise treatment response.</p>

The Contribution of Cognitive Impulsivity to Criminal Risk

<p>Impulsivity increases risk for general, violent and sexual offending. Accordingly, helping offenders to become better regulators of their impulses is one goal of offender rehabilitation. In a correctional setting, the assessment of impulsivity focuses on personality and behaviour, but not cognition; cognitive impulse control impairments are inferred from personality styles and behavioural patterns suggestive of acting before thinking. However, empirical findings challenge the validity of inferring cognition from personality and behavioural measures. Additionally, without assessing cognition, practitioners are limited in their ability to isolate which cognitive processes are most impaired and therefore worthy of intervention for individual offenders. To establish the contribution of cognitive impulse control to criminal risk, a theoretically derived, empirically supported neurocognitive assessment framework was adopted. The framework is based on the notion that impulsive behaviour arises from three, potentially dissociable skill domains that support impulse control: decisionmaking, perceptual and motor impulse control. A cohort of 77 men attending intensive cognitive-behavioural rehabilitation was recruited from four of New Zealand’s prison-based Special Treatment Unit Rehabilitation Programmes (STURPs). A neurocognitive battery of five tasks collectively representing each cognitive impulse control domain was administered before and after the 8-month treatment programme. Study One explored pre-treatment clinically impaired performance within and across each cognitive impulse control domain. Compared to normative data, performance was typically in the average to below average range, but it was not clinically impaired overall. When performance was clinically impaired, it was most pronounced on tasks requiring cognitive flexibility. Study Two explored treatment change in cognitive impulse control. The study also compared pre-treatment cognitive impulse control between offenders who went on to complete the treatment programme and those who were prematurely removed for responsivity or conduct-related issues. No pre-treatment cognitive impulse control differences were found between treatment completers and non-completers. Treatment completers displayed small pre-post treatment improvements in some areas of cognitive impulse control, but not others. Study Three explored cross-sectional and predictive relationships between cognitive impulse control, dynamic criminal risk, trait anger and anger control. Although there was little association between these variables before treatment, some cognitive impulse control outcomes predicted post-treatment dynamic criminal risk, trait anger and anger control. Thus, the evidence suggested that certain aspects of cognitive impulse control might function as facilitators of treatment change. Together, the findings highlighted the importance of evaluating cognitive impulse control as part of the risk assessment, and clinical formulation process. The findings also suggested that interventions designed to develop cognitive impulse control abilities either before, or as a complement to traditional cognitive-behavioural interventions, have the potential to maximise treatment response.</p>

A “Proof of Concept” Randomized Controlled Trial of a Video Game Requiring Emotional Regulation to Augment Anger Control Training

Emotional dysregulation leading to clinically significant anger and aggression is a common and substantial concern for youth and their families. While psychotropic medications and cognitive behavioral therapies can be effective, these modalities suffer from drawbacks such as significant side effects, high rates of attrition, and lack of real-world skill translation. Regulate and Gain Emotional Control (RAGE-Control) is a video game designed as an engaging augment to existing treatments. The game facilitates emotional regulation skill building through practice modulating physiological arousal while completing a challenging inhibitory task. We compared reduction in anger, aggression, oppositionality, and global severity between two treatment conditions: Anger Control Training (ACT) augmented with RAGE-Control and ACT with a sham version of the game, in a pilot double-blind randomized controlled trial. To begin to understand mechanisms of change, we examined heart rate during game play over the course of the study and explored associations between symptom changes and heart rate changes.Materials and Methods: Forty youth with clinically significant anger dyscontrol (age 10–17) were randomly assigned to 10 sessions of ACT with RAGE-Control or ACT with sham video game.Results: Both treatments similarly reduced self-reported anger. However, ACT with RAGE-Control led to larger improvements in aggression (CI: −17 to −1.0, ES: 0.55, p = 0.015); oppositionality (CI: −9.0 to −7e-6, ES: 0.48, p = 0.032); and global severity (CI: −1.0 to −5e-6, ES: 0.51, p = 0.023) relative to sham. Participants in the RAGE-Control group saw a decrease in median heart rate during game play (β = 1.2, p &lt; 0.001). Larger pre to post decreases in heart rate were significantly associated with larger pre to post decreases in aggression and oppositional behaviors.Discussion: Augmenting ACT with RAGE-Control reduced behavioral expression of anger, but not the experience of angry feelings, as compared to ACT with a sham version of the game. Increased heart rate control, demonstrated by reduction in median heart rate during gameplay, was associated with decreased aggression and oppositional behavior. Together these findings support that augmenting traditional treatment with technology facilitating heart rate control through skill practice translates to enhancements in real-life behavioral change. Therefore, further exploration into engaging skill-focused games such as RAGE-Control is warranted.Clinical Trial Registration:ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT01551732.

Comparison of anger control and its relationship with mental health in trauma patients after incident

Introduction: Anger, as a major factor in traffic accidents and beatings, plays an important role in the mortality of the people. According to the statistics from the World Health Organization, beatings and traffic accidents are predominant causes of trauma incidents. An increase in violence, as a risk factor, is effective in traumatic and mental health injuries and has an important role in creating incidents. This study aimed to compare anger control and its relationship with mental health in trauma patients after incidents. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Shahid Rajaee Hospital affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran, on 214 patients who were selected based on systematic randomization using the available sampling method. Novaco's Anger Control Questionnaire, as a standard questionnaire, and General Mental Health Questionnaire were used for comparing the anger control and assessing the mental health, respectively. The collected data were analyzed in SPSS software (Version. 18) using the independent t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: According to the results of demographic characteristics, the mean age of the patients was 32.65±8.318 years. Out of 214 patients who participated in this study, 120 and 94 cases were injured by beatings and traffic accidents, respectively. The results of statistical analysis indicated a significant relationship between mental health and anger control in these subjects. Conclusion: The injury caused by an increase in violence in traffic accidents and beatings is a dangerous risk factor lurking in the population, which leads to irreparable damages to the country's economy. These findings showed a significant relationship between anger control and mental health in the two groups of traffic accidents and beatings. Therefore, the development of anger control training packages can reduce damages caused by anger in people.