Transcanal endoscopic treatment for congenital middle ear cholesteatoma in children

Background To investigate the feasibility and efficacy of transcanal endoscopic treatment for congenital middle ear cholesteatoma in children. Methods Eleven children diagnosed with congenital middle ear cholesteatoma were collected at Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital from January 2016 to December 2020. The retrospective study of their operation process, comparison of pre- and post-operative hearing result, surgical complications through the surgical video. Results Eleven children received total ear endoscopic surgery under general anesthesia. One of them received planned second operation to reconstruct the ossicular chain. At six months after operation, 11 children underwent re-examination. The mean bone conduction hearing threshold had no significant change (P>0.05), the mean air conduction hearing threshold was significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the air-bone conduction difference was significantly reduced (P<0.05). In 11 children, the air-bone conduction difference were all reduced to less than 20 dB, and 7 cases were reduced to less than 10 dB. All the children were followed up so far without sensorineural deafness, facial paralysis and other serious complications, as well as no recurrence. Conclusion Otoendoscope can provide a wide-angle field of vision and advantages in small surgical trauma, quick healing, avoiding repeated dressing changes and high acceptance of secondary surgery. Intraoperative application of 30° and 45° otoendoscope can effectively reduce residuals. Otoendoscope is widely used as a surgical method in the treatment of congenital middle ear cholesteatoma in children.

Data-Driven Modeling of the Cellular Pharmacokinetics of Degradable Chitosan-Based Nanoparticles

Nanoparticle drug delivery vehicles introduce multiple pharmacokinetic processes, with the delivery, accumulation, and stability of the therapeutic molecule influenced by nanoscale processes. Therefore, considering the complexity of the multiple interactions, the use of data-driven models has critical importance in understanding the interplay between controlling processes. We demonstrate data simulation techniques to reproduce the time-dependent dose of trimethyl chitosan nanoparticles in an ND7/23 neuronal cell line, used as an in vitro model of native peripheral sensory neurons. Derived analytical expressions of the mean dose per cell accurately capture the pharmacokinetics by including a declining delivery rate and an intracellular particle degradation process. Comparison with experiment indicates a supply time constant, τ = 2 h. and a degradation rate constant, b = 0.71 h−1. Modeling the dose heterogeneity uses simulated data distributions, with time dependence incorporated by transforming data-bin values. The simulations mimic the dynamic nature of cell-to-cell dose variation and explain the observed trend of increasing numbers of high-dose cells at early time points, followed by a shift in distribution peak to lower dose between 4 to 8 h and a static dose profile beyond 8 h.

Uncertainty assessment of kernel based approaches on scour depth modeling in downstream of ski-jump bucket spillways

From the hydraulic structures designer's point of view, the scour depth accurate estimation in downstream of spillways is so important. In this study, the scour depth was assessed downstream of ski-jump bucket spillways using two kernel based approaches namely Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Kernel Extreme Learning Machine (KELM). In the model developing process, two states were tested and the impacts of dimensional and non-dimensional parameters on model efficiency were assessed. The best applied model dependability was investigated via Monte Carlo uncertainty analysis. In addition, the model accuracy was compared with some available semi-theoretical formulas. It was observed that the applied models were more successful than available formulas. The sensitivity analysis results showed that q (unit discharge of spillway) variable in the state 1 and q2/[gYt3] (g is gravity acceleration and Yt is tail water depth) variable in the state 2 were the most significant parameters in the modeling process. Comparison among applied methods and one other intelligence approach showed that KELM was more successful in predicting process. The obtained results from uncertainty analysis indicated that the KELM model had an allowable degree of uncertainty in the scour depth modeling.

KONSEP GANTI RUGI DALAM PERBUATAN MELAWAN HUKUM DAN WANPRESTASI SERTA SISTEM PENGATURANNYA DALAM KUH PERDATA

This research is a library research, which uses data in the form of books, laws, articles, journals and other literature related to the title, while the technique and data collection is to collect various ideas, theories and concepts from various literatures that focus on the process. comparison between arguments, articles or other laws. The results of the research can be concluded that regarding acts against the law are important things in the field of civil law. The application of the conception of an act against the law is often equated with the conception of breaking a promise (default). Whereas both are very different conceptions from one another, even though both originate from the agreement, namely the conception of default originating from an agreement which is born from an agreement and the conception of unlawful acts originating from an agreement born from a law.