Assessment of thermal dispersion of elements of ship technical means of sea vessels

статья посвящена экспериментальному исследованию и оценке теплового рассеивания элементов судовых технических средств при помощи тепловизора: силиконового демпфера и водоводяного охладителя высокооборотного двигателя, дейдвудного подшипника. Для дейдвудного подшипника представлены также вибрационные параметры контроля. Применяемые в экспериментальных исследованиях переносные приборы неразрушающего контроля допущены к применению в РФ, проходят систематическую поверку и калибровку. Результаты экспериментальных исследований показывают, что при накоплении статистических данных по оценке теплового рассеивания судовых технических средств можно разработать рекомендации по нормированию и прогнозированию их состояния. Полученные экспериментальные данные могут быть предметом рассмотрения Классификационным обществом для улучшения качества наблюдения за технической эксплуатацией судовых технических средств. Доказано, что применение такого метода позволяет определить, температурное распределение в судовых технических средствах с учетом режимов эксплуатации пропульсивного комплекса и дополнить представление о техническом состоянии сочетания с другими методами контроля для оценки и прогнозирования технического состояния судовых технических средств. Накопленный опыт в проведении экспериментальных исследований контроля технического состояния безразборным методом диагностики позволит перейти от классических подходов технической эксплуатации до новых, входящих в систему удаленного контроля и управления судовых технических средств автономных судов в эксплуатации. the article is devoted to the experimental study and evaluation of the thermal dispersion of elements of ship technical means using a thermal imager: a silicone damper and a water-water cooler of a high-speed engine, a deadwood bearing. For the deadwood bearing, the vibration control parameters are also presented. Portable non-destructive testing devices used in experimental studies are approved for use in the Russian Federation, undergo systematic verification and calibration. The results of experimental studies show that with the accumulation of statistical data on the assessment of the thermal dissipation of ship technical equipment, it is possible to develop recommendations for rationing and forecasting their condition. The experimental data obtained can be the subject of consideration by the Classification Society for improving the quality of monitoring the technical operation of ship technical equipment. It is proved that the use of such a method allows us to determine the temperature distribution in ship technical means, taking into account the operating modes of the propulsive complex, and to supplement the idea of the technical condition of the combination with other control methods for assessing and predicting the technical condition of ship technical means The accumulated experience in conducting experimental studies of technical condition monitoring by the non-disassembled diagnostic method will allow us to move from classical approaches of technical operation to new ones included in the system of remote control and management of ship technical means of autonomous vessels in operation

Analyzing vibration parameters of a modern high-speed engine during operation

The paper presents results of experimental research into vibration parameters of a modern electronic control-enabled main high-speed engine, Caterpillar CAT 3516B as obtained during a running trial of a sea tug. CAT 3500 series Caterpillar high-speed engines are extensively used in sea tugs; there are about 40 units installed in vessels operating in the Azov and Black Sea region. The research technique involved measurement of vibration displacement, vibration velocity, vibration acceleration at an engine and its turbocharger components. The conducted experimental research has shown that in order to evaluate the technical state of an engine, it is necessary to measure vibration displacement and vibration velocity in a frequency range from 1 to 1000 Hz at 0.1 Hz intervals. For turbochargers, the vibration acceleration shall be measured in a frequency range from 1 to 15000 Hz at 1 Hz intervals. The results of the experimental research allowed determining necessary conditions for measurement of vibration parameters of Caterpillar CAT-3500 series modern high-speed engines commonly used in sea tugs. The experimental research into vessel installations by in-place diagnostics at operating sea-going vessels forms a foundation of an autonomous ship control system.

Thermotechnical tests of an electronically controlled main high-speed engine of a marine vessel

Thermotechnical tests of the main engine after a malfunction for putting it back into operation under the supervision of the Register inspector are presented in the paper. The electronically controlled high-speed Caterpillar C32 engine on the port side with an output of 1000 kW is described.Experimental studies of the value influence of thermaland vibration parameters on changes in the engine technical state are carried out during thermotechnicaltests. The experimental research methodology includes a classical approach to conducting such tests and a contemporary method with remote data transmission to the office of the vessel owner’s company.The accumulated practice in conducting experimental studies of the technical condition control by the in-place repair method of diagnostics makes it possible to move from classical approaches of technical operation to new ones included in the remote control and monitoring system of vessel technical means of autonomous ships in operation.The conducted studies have shown that the obtained values of the thermal engineering and vibration parameters do not exceed the maximum permissible values specified by the manufacturer.The results of the experimental study of Caterpillar engines demonstrate the defect initiation in one of the engine mounts by exceeding the values of vibration velocity.The conducted experimental studies of vessel technical equipment by the in-place repair method of diagnostics of marine vessels in operation are the basis of the control system of autonomous ships.

Numerical Study of Bleed Slot Flow Characteristics Using Magneto-Aerodynamics

A numerical study into magneto-aerodynamic bleed control systems has been undertaken with the intent of improving the shock swallowing ability of high speed engine intakes. Past research has shown that bleed slots effectively remove sufficient mass flow of air from the system to permit shocks to be swallowed. A magnetic field's influence on a charged boundary layer creates a possibility of sealing a bleed slot when not needed. 2D bleed slots were modeled using structured grids for use with the FLUENT CFD solver. User defined functions were written to simulate charge generation and magnetic field forces. Solutions revealed that bleed slot angles, free stream Mach numbers, pressure ratios, boundary layer displacement thickness, field strength and field position all affect how the system performs. Results have shown that a properly positioned magnetic field can reduce sonic flow coefficients up to 88%, thus justifying further research and investment in wind tunnel experiments.

Numerical Study of Bleed Slot Flow Characteristics Using Magneto-Aerodynamics

A numerical study into magneto-aerodynamic bleed control systems has been undertaken with the intent of improving the shock swallowing ability of high speed engine intakes. Past research has shown that bleed slots effectively remove sufficient mass flow of air from the system to permit shocks to be swallowed. A magnetic field's influence on a charged boundary layer creates a possibility of sealing a bleed slot when not needed. 2D bleed slots were modeled using structured grids for use with the FLUENT CFD solver. User defined functions were written to simulate charge generation and magnetic field forces. Solutions revealed that bleed slot angles, free stream Mach numbers, pressure ratios, boundary layer displacement thickness, field strength and field position all affect how the system performs. Results have shown that a properly positioned magnetic field can reduce sonic flow coefficients up to 88%, thus justifying further research and investment in wind tunnel experiments.

SYNCHRONOUS ELECTRIC MOTOR WITH HIGHER SPEED ROTATION AND BALANCED ROTOR

Increasing the speed of rotation of electric motors is an urgent task for turbine mechanisms – pumps, fans, compressors. Traditional synchronous motors have a rotation speed that is less than or equal to the frequency of the supply voltage. The article proposes a design and considers the principle of operation of a synchronous electric motor with double rotation speed. It has three reluctance rotors with one pole, for static and dynamic balancing, and the stator winding is supplied with voltages out of phase by π/6. The proposed design of a synchronous motor with eighteen phases of the stator winding and, with three rotors, the axes of which are offset relative to the axis of rotation of the output shaft. The use of such a design makes it possible to double the rotation speed of the output shaft in comparison with the frequency of the supply voltages. A description of the principle of operation of the motor and its mathematical description are given, taking into account the structural features of the stator-rotor magnetic circuit. The main advantage of the proposed engine in comparison with a high-speed engine is static and dynamic balancing.

To the question of the need to out of operation the ship and the loss of ship owners finances as a result of the main high-speed engine failure

В работе выполнен анализ примера неисправности ВОД фирмы Caterpillar С32, установленного в качестве одного из главных двигателей судов вспомогательного флота. Наработка двигателя составляет 6 500 часов. Выявлена неисправность охладителя наддувочного воздуха, вследствие чего судно было выведено из эксплуатации. Для подтверждения полученных результатов о текущем состоянии двигателей, принято решение о выполнении частичной разборкидвигателя для проведения его дефектации. Результат дефектации двигателя показывает, что при позднем обнаружении протечки забортной воды, начала прогрессировать коррозия на деталях ЦПГ, куда попала вода. Анализ инструкции по эксплуатациипоказал, что должен выполняться периодический контроль состояния ОНВ. Анализ конструкции и системы охлаждения показал, что на таких типах двигателей устанавливаются два варианта системы охлаждения воздуха: забортной водой и антифризом. Причиной, рассмотренной неисправности двигателя, являлось не соблюдение рекомендаций завода-изготовителя по техническому обслуживанию двигателя. Что повлекло к нарушению плотности сердцевины ОНВ в результате возникновения электрохимической коррозии. А также отсутствие внимания обслуживающего персонала к дренажному клапану, увеличило время прохода забортной воды по системе впуска наддувочного воздуха в камеры сгорания цилиндров. В результате такой неисправности судовладелец понес большие потери, связанные с ремонтном двигателя и простоем судна. The paper analyzes an example of a caterpillar C32 failure, installed as one of the main engines of fleet vessels. The operating time of the engine is 6 500 hours. The after cooler failure was detected; as a result the vessel was taken out of operation. The results obtained confirm about the current state of the engines, it was decided to perform a partial disassembly of the engine to defecation. The result of engine defects shows that when a late detection of seawater leaks, corrosion began to progress on the parts of the engine. The operating instructions analysis showed that periodic monitoring of the after cooler should be performed. The engine design analysis showed that there two types of air cooling systemengine: seawater and antifreeze. The reason for the engine failurewas non-compliance with the recommendations for engine maintenance. The caused the disruption of the aftercooler core density as a result of electrochemical corrosion. As well as the lack of drain valve attention of service personnel, increased the time of seawater passage through the charge air intake system of cylinders combustion chambers. As a result of this failure, the ship owner has suffered heavy damage related to engine repairs and downtime of the vessel.