MEANS OF SYNTACTIC COMPRESSION IN ENGLISH TEXTS ON MECHANICAL ENGINEERING AND METHODS OF THEIR TRANSLATION INTO UKRAINIAN

The article is devoted to the analysis of syntactic compression means and methods of their translation; study of frequency of syntactic compression means use and frequency of their translation methods application on the material of mechanical engineering texts. The research material is syntactic units of language selected from the mechanical engineering texts, demonstrating the use of syntactic compression, and their translation into Ukrainian. Examples were selected from the manuals on mechanical engineering, operating instructions for various devices, bilingual sites of international engineering companies such as SKF and DENSO. The results of our study showed that the most productive means of syntactic compression in the mechanical engineering texts are the infinitive (27%), gerund (18%), and adjective (16%). Less productive means of syntactic compression are ellipsis (11%), replacement (10%), syntactic reduction (9%) and nominalization (9%). A study of ways to translate English compressed structures in the mechanical engineering texts, depending on the syntactic compression means used, showed that most often the infinitive is translated by a complex sentence of the goal (65.4%), and least often – a complex sentence of cause and effect); the most frequent way of translating an adjective is a complex sentence with attribute (72.8%), the least frequent – unfolding (1.2%); gerund in these texts is most often translated by replacing parts of speech (78.7%), least often – a complex sentence of mode of action (1.1%); the most typical way of translating an ellipse is unfolding (80%), the least frequent ways of an ellipse translating are complex sentences of purpose (1.7%), time (1.7%) and admission (1.7%); nominalization is most often translated by a complex sentence of the goal (40.7%), least often – a complex sentence with attribute (1.9%); the most frequent way of translating syntactic reduction in the texts of mechanical engineering is unfolding (89.4%), the least frequent – explanatory translation (10.6%); replacement is most often translated by unfolding (75.5%), and the least often – explanatory translation (24.5%). Keywords: speech compression; syntactic compression; syntactic compression means; compressed structures; translation methods; mechanical engineering texts.

Investigation of operational characteristics of axial displacement guides for thermal expansion systems of steam turbines

ТНЕ PURPOSE. To carry out a comparative analysis of the performance characteristics of the longitudinal movement guides of the external bearing housings of steam turbines, using the principle of rotation to ensure full contact of their lateral surfaces with the lateral surfaces of the guide groove at the base of the external bearing housing of the steam turbine. Compare the manufacturability of elements and their implementation for both existing and newly developed steam turbines .METHODS. The permissible transverse forces are determined from the strength conditions and compared for the traditional design of fixed longitudinal guides and the design of guides, in which the principle of rotation is used to avoid "biting" of the bearing housing on the guides when temperature misalignment appears along the flanges of the turbine cylinder. Also, the allowable forces are determined and compared from the condition of the absence of plastic deformations in any of the elements of the interface of the guides, the base frame and the bearing housing. Based on the results obtained, the value of the permissible temperature misalignment along the flanges of the turbine cylinder is estimated. The analysis was carried out in relation to the operating conditions of the front bearing housing and HPC of turbines of the T 100/120-130 UTZ family.RESULTS. It has been established that all the considered designs of guides with pivoting elements make it possible to exclude the occurrence of plastic deformations in the junction of the base frame and the outboard bearing housing at a temperature misalignment of 20°C regulated in most turbine operating instructions. CONCLUSION. The design of longitudinal keys proposed by UTZ does not require a change in the technology for manufacturing the foundation frames and allows the unit to be modernized during repairs in a CHP. The best performance disc guide design can be used in new turbine designs or factory retrofits.

Bamboo as a Unique Ecological Building Material of the XXI Century: Bamboo Description, Bamboo Physical and Mechanical Properties Studies

The description of bamboo varieties is given, the material structure and the application scope are considered. The characteristics of the advantages and disadvantages of bamboo as a structural building material are given. The results of determining the mechanical properties of bamboo are investigated. The normative documents (ISO standards) regulating the use of bamboo in construction are presented. There has been a lag in the operating instructions production for bamboo use in construction. The researchers who studied the bamboo properties and nodal junctures of bamboo rods, as well as the architects and designers of original bamboo structures are indicated.

Rational depth of diagnosis of operating injury of engines of agricultural machines

The analysis is based on data that were timed during the operation and repair of diesel engines of agricultural machines and, in particular, engineering monitoring about the most frequent characteristic failures of parts and elements of power energy institutions, as well as about possible causes of the course and development of typical inequalities. The typical causes of failures of elements of diesel power plants, which can be different, have been determined. First, the specific design features of a particular type of engine, which may be uncharacteristic for other typical diesel engines and must be eliminated by appropriate changes to the diesel engine design. Second, improper operation of the diesel engine, such as misapplication, inadequacy of grade fuel and oil refueling design failure. Thirdly, sudden failures for the use in the manufacture of a diesel engine of some materials, defective parts, as well as significant violations of installation and adjustment technologies. In order to prevent failures, choosing the above reasons, it is necessary to correct design flaws, improve technical control, follow the operating instructions, as well as carry out organizational diagnostic measures. In this article, attention is paid to malfunctions and defects, the development of which is caused by natural processes of equipment degradation under load, ensuring the working processes of the diesel engine and its systems, as well as additional accelerating factors, such as contamination of the coolant, oil, fuel, an increase in backlash and clearances, enough values for long-term operation of diesel power plants of agricultural machines of various types.

How to Assess Shoulder Functionality: A Systematic Review of Existing Validated Outcome Measures

The objective of this review was to compile validated functional shoulder assessment tools and analyse the methodological quality of their validations. Secondarily, we aimed to provide a comparison of the tools, including parameter descriptions, indications/applications, languages and operating instructions, to choose the most suitable for future clinical and research approaches. A systematic review (PRISMA) was conducted using: PubMed, WoS Scopus, CINHAL, Dialnet and reference lists until 2020. The main criteria for inclusion were that papers were original studies of validated tools or validation studies. Pre-established tables showed tools, validations, items/components, etc. The QUADAS-2 and COSMIN-RB were used to assess the methodological quality of validations. Ultimately, 85 studies were selected, 32 tools and 111 validations. Risk of bias scored lower than applicability, and patient selection got the best scores (QUADAS-2). Internal consistency had the highest quality and PROMs development the lowest (COSMIN-RB). Responsiveness was the most analysed metric property. Modified UCLA and SST obtained the highest quality in shoulder instability surgery, and SPADI in pain. The most approached topic was activities of daily living (81%). We compiled 32 validated functional shoulder assessment tools, and conducted an analysis of the methodological quality of 111 validations associated with them. Modified UCLA and SST showed the highest methodological quality in instability surgery and SPADI in pain.

Leadership Achievements in Extreme Situations

Organizational leadership requires developing an understanding of your own worldview as well as the worldviews of others. The worldview is a composite image created from the various lenses through which individuals view the world. It is not the same as the identity, political stance, or religious viewpoint, but does include these things. It incorporates everything an individual believes about the world, combining the tangible and the intangible. The individual’s worldview is defined by that individual’s attitudes, opinions, beliefs, and the outside forces the individual allows to influence them. The worldview is the “operating instructions” for how the individual interfaces with the world. One who does not take into consideration how individuals interface with the world is in a much weaker position to lead these individuals. Furthermore, the organizational leadership requires an understanding of the composite worldview of the organization, which consists of the many diverse and sometimes conflicting worldviews of the individuals within that organization. Keywords: Professional experience, transformational leader, leadership interpretations, game norms.

PECULIARITIES OF TRANSLATION OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE INSTRUCTIONS WITH THE USE OF ADDITIONAL TOOLS IN SDL TRADOS STUDIO AND MEMOQ TRANSLATOR PRO ENVIRONMENTS

The presented research focuses upon the analysis of additional specific tools (namely translation memory (TM) technologies) of SDL Trados Studio 2017 and MemoQ Translator Pro 2017 automated translation systems and their application for translation of English-language instructions into Ukrainian. With the help of the above-mentioned software tools 60 English-language operating instructions for household appliances have been translated into Ukrainian (three projects were created in both systems, each containing 10 instructions). TM is a database consisting of segments of source text (sentences, paragraphs, headings, etc.) and translations of each of these segments. TM, used in both SDL Trados Studio and MemoQ Translator Pro systems, significantly improves the quality, speed, consistency and efficiency of each translation task. SDL Trados Studio 2017 and MemoQ Translator Pro 2017 compare content of the current segment of the source file with segments of the same language already contained in the TM. If the system finds a similar segment that is currently stored in the TM, it prompts the translator to use a ready-made translation. The degree of equivalence between the segment of the source document and the segment contained in the TM is expressed as a percentage. Thus, both software tools capture the cases of «Exact match», «Perfect match» and «Fuzzy match». SDL Trados Studio 2017 andMemoQ Translator Pro 2017 slightly differ in segment statuses and colour segment marking. Both systems do not make adjustments automatically, but their identification and navigation capabilities allow one to quickly correct such errors by hand. Unfortunately, the initial focus on the Russian-language market (and, consequently, on the Russian language system) has led to another peculiarity of automated translation into Ukrainian in SDL Trados Studio and MemoQ Translator Pro systems, namely a large number of stylistic errors that require quality personalized correction.

ANALYSIS OF THE SITUATION WITH FIRES THAT OCCURRED AT STORAGE FACILITIES IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION FOR 2010-2019

Представлены результаты проведенного в рамках научно-исследовательской работы анализа статистических данных о пожарах, произошедших в Российской Федерации в 2010-2019 гг. на объектах хранения. Перечислены объекты, которые относятся к объектам хранения. Рассмотрены причины пожаров на этих объектах. Сделан вывод о том, что, начиная с 2009 года на объектах хранения растет количество пожаров, причиной которых являлось нарушение правил устройства и эксплуатации электрооборудования. Проведен анализ изделий и устройств, ставших источником возникновения таких пожаров. There are presented the results of statistical data analysis on fires at storage facilities in the Russian Federation for 2010-2019, carried out within the framework of the research work. The objects that are storage facilities are listed. The causes of fires at these objects are considered. It is concluded that since 2009 the number of fires at storage facilities has been growing, that is caused by the violation of the design and operating instructions for electrical equipment. There are analyzed the products and devices that caused those fires.

Management of Processing Technology on Computerised Numerically Controlled Centres from Programming and Simulation to Operation

The paper presents the peculiarities of the management of the processing technology on computerised numerically controlled centres, from the source code G to the high level code. In order to do a skilled job, the programmer and / or the operator from the CNC centres will apply an operational management through which all the programming and operating instructions for making a part will reproduce the practical actions that a worker classically does. The paper presents the 10 stages of computer-aided processing. The applied research showed that it is more and more necessary to shorten the programming time to make a part by switching from G code to high level code as shown intuitively in the Sinu Train application. At the same time, the management of the processing technology on the CNC centres imposes more and more, through the new working conditions given by the pandemic, work from home (home-work) and programming from home. Therefore, the online simulation of the program created is the new method of "cold testing" of a processing process. Finally, by operating on CNC centres, the compliance with the quality requirements given by the total quality management will always be pursued.

REDUÇÃO DE NÃO CONFORMIDADES ATRAVÉS DA APLICAÇÃO DA METODOLOGIA DMAIC

De acordo com dados repassados pelo setor financeiro de uma empresa do ramo de refrigeração comercial, observou-se que dentre os custos evitáveis da organização, a maior parcela acontece devido à assistência técnica prevista na garantia dos produtos. Nesse contexto, em meio a um período de economia nacional instável, busca-se mais do que nunca cortes de custos em geral, a fim de que a empresa se mantenha competitiva no mercado. Propôs-se, então, implantar métodos para diminuir as ocorrências no SAC. Dentre o contexto de controle total de qualidade, a principal ferramenta usada é a DMAIC, a qual consiste em definir o problema, mensurar os dados e analisá-los, melhorar o processo e controlá-lo. Observou-se, para isto, as maiores incidências do SAC, tais como vazamentos de gás, instruções de uso, problemas de montagem, sistema de iluminação e barulhos no motor. Houve, portanto, o intuito de dar maior atenção àquelas que representam maior número de incidências. Estas ocorrências foram trabalhadas de acordo com o DMAIC, melhorando o produto, reduzindo custos e aumentando a satisfação do cliente. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: SAC, Qualidade, DMAIC, Custos de Qualidade, Melhorias. Abstract: According to the data collected by the financial department of a company of the commercial refrigeration sector, it was observed that among the avoidable costs of an organization, the largest share is related to the technical assistance provided during after-sales services. In this context, in the midst of a period of unstable national economy, we seek more than ever to cut costs in general, so that the company remains competitive in the market. Therefore, it was proposed the use of quality tools aiming to reduce the number of after-sales assistances. Within the context of total quality control, a major tool is DMAIC, which consists in defining a problem, measuring and analyzing the data, improving and controlling the process. In order to apply it, the problems with the greatest number of incidences were analyzed, such as gas leaks, operating instructions, assembling problems, lighting system and compressor noise. Thus, it was aimed to pay greater attention to the problems that represent the greatest share of the incidences. The occurrences were addressed in accordance to DMAIC, improving the product, reducing costs and increasing customer satisfaction. KEYWORDS: Customer Service, Quality, DMAIC, Quality Costs, Improvements.