Falstaff’s Gluttony, Lust, Avarice, Sloth and Pride in Henry IV Part I

This paper aims at looking at Shakespeare’s character Falstaff through the prism of some of the seven deadly sins. The paper doesn’t claim that it explores all the sins present in Falstaff’s personality. The main sins that this paper examines in Falstaff’s personality are the sins of gluttony, lust, avarice, sloth, and pride. The presence of so many sins in the personality of one character that are interconnected is known as concatenation of sins. As Bernard Spivack (1958) and David Wiles (1987) have explained, in many ways Falstaff serves as the Vice figure from the morality plays tempting Prince Hal. Since in the morality plays the Vice figure stems and is associated mainly to the seven deadly sins, this paper will try to show that the fact that Falstaff possesses so many sins can facilitate the possibility of him being identified as stemming from the Vice figure from the morality plays. I will try to find each of the afore-mentioned sins by analyzing Falstaff actions and inactions and by trying to find characteristics of the sins present in Falstaff’s behavior. This paper will also look at Falstaff’s fate and whether there is any similarity between the fate of the Vice figure in the morality plays and the fate of Falstaff in the second part.

Combating the Scourge of Security Challenges in Nigeria through Religious Education for Sustainable National Development

Insecurity is the cankerworm that is eating deep into the fabric of this nation. It is a national problem with certain destructive tendencies, hence the need for the enthronement of religious education to save the nation from destruction. Religion, which teaches morality, plays a vital role in the social lives of individuals and society at large. This is because it deals with values, behaviours and attitude exhibited and encouraged by members of the society which enhances national development. Therefore, religion is essential for curbing insecurity because security challenge is always accompanied with tension and anxiety which hinder development. The paper revealed that insecurity is the product of moral decadence in the society, because lack of moral values in the lives of individuals lead to all the vices that result to insecurity in Nigeria. Therefore, government should lay more emphasis on the teaching of religious education at all levels of education in order to inculcate good morals into the youths, curb insecurity in the society and enhance national development. Employment opportunities should be created so as to eradicate poverty, since a hungry man is an angry man. Keywords: Security Challenges, Religious Education, Sustainable National Development

Dramatic Pilcrows

Chapter 1 explains how the printers of the earliest playbooks published in England made the most basic element of dramatic form—dialogue—legible to readers. Fulgens and Lucres (1512–16?), Hycke Scorner (1515?), and Everyman (1518?) were all printed with pilcrows (¶) at the start of every new speech. Derived from scribal capitula (), which were used in liturgical and scholastic manuscripts to divide the text into manageable and logical units of reading, pilcrows helped nascent play-readers already familiar with the glyph’s function in other books access to the plays’ back-and-forth of spirited verbal exchange more easily. This arrangement became conventional in the books of interludes and morality plays, but eventually fell away as readers grew more accustomed to reading plays. Readerly competency coupled with problems of type supply led to the indent displacing the pilcrow as the typographic means of articulating the play’s dialogic form.

Addicted

Cinema has a terrible reputation in its portrayal of drug use, alcohol consumption, and smoking. Early to mid-20th-century films frequently glamorized smoking and drinking. Drunkenness could also be milked for humor. Organizations that provide ratings for films have been continuously challenged by advocates of moderation. For responsible screenwriters, portraying the abuse of these substances creates great “morality plays.” They can show the downward trajectory and consequently poor quality of life of people with addictions. This chapter discusses how cinema has depicted drug use and smoking but also places it into the history of addiction throughout the decades of the 20th century. Filmmakers have used addiction to great effect. In the dreamed-up world of medicine in cinema, the physician is often blamed for prescribing therapeutic drugs that the patient goes on to abuse.

Hukum islam: sinergisitas teks, moral, dan akal

The development of the paradigm of modern science has a significant impact on the development of jurisprudence. A case in point is the influence of postmodernism which has led to a thought that law is no longer deemed as merely a social reality; instead, the law is also a metaphysical reality. The shift of jurisprudence paradigm from positivism to postmodernism is considered in line with Islamic thoughts on jurisprudence. Because of, first, Islamic jurisprudence requires the combination of mind and heart; second, the shortcoming of Bayani, `Irfani and Burhani epistemology necessitates a par excellence epistemology i.e. their combination; third, religious morality plays an important role in forming a social order.Perkembangan paradigma ilmiah modern memiliki dampak yang signifikan terhadap perkembangan yurisprudensi. Salah satu contohnya adalah pengaruh postmodernisme yang telah menyebabkan pemikiran bahwa hukum tidak lagi dianggap hanya sebagai realitas sosial; sebaliknya, hukum juga merupakan realitas metafisik. Pergeseran paradigma yurisprudensi dari positivisme ke postmodernisme dianggap sejalan dengan pemikiran Islam tentang yurisprudensi. Hal ini dikarenakan, pertama, yurisprudensi Islam membutuhkan kombinasi pikiran dan hati; kedua, kekurangan bayani, epistemologi `irfani dan burhani membutuhkan epistemologi par excellence, yaitu kombinasi mereka; ketiga, moralitas agama memainkan peran penting dalam membentuk tatanan sosial.

Modernist Medievalism and the Expressionist Morality Play: Georg Kaiser’s From Morning to Midnight

This article examines the modernist medievalism of Georg Kaiser’s From Morning to Midnight (Von morgens bis mitternachts), discussing the influence of the morality play genre on its form. The characterization and action in Kaiser’s play mirrors and evokes that of morality plays influenced by and including the late-medieval Dutch play Elckerlijc and its English translation as Everyman, in particular Hugo von Hofmannsthal’s Jedermann, first produced in Berlin in 1911. The medievalism of Kaiser’s play is particularly evident when it is compared to Karl Heinz Martin’s film version of the text, produced in 1920. The play’s allegory and message, though contemporary, are less specifically historically contextual than the film’s, while its central protagonist is more representative of generic capitalist subjectivity. The detective film shapes Martin’s adaptation, obscuring the morality play conventions and therefore medievalism of Kaiser’s earlier text.

A good person shouldn't feel this way: Moralized attitudes, identity, and self-esteem

Moralized attitudes are the attitudes that people construe as matters of right and wrong. In this study, we examine how moralized attitudes influence how people perceive and evaluate themselves using the Attitudes, Identities, and Individual Differences (AIID) dataset—a survey of over 200,000 individuals asked to report their attitudes in one of 95 domains. In exploratory analyses of a subset of the AIID dataset, we found that the specific attitudes that people moralize differ greatly from individual to individual, and that moralized attitudes are more central to one’s identity than non-moralized attitudes. We also found tentative evidence that participants reported lowered feelings of self-worth when they experienced mental conflict between attitudes that were central to their identity and their gut feelings toward the objects of those attitudes. With future access to the remainder of the AIID dataset, we will conduct confirmatory analyses that put these findings together. Do people experience lower self-esteem when their moralized attitudes and gut feelings are in conflict? If so, is that because of moralized attitudes’ identity centrality? Our findings will clarify the role that morality plays in self-perception and whether people think less of themselves when they fall short of the people they aspire to be.

The kingly vice

Through a discussion of three early Tudor morality plays which foreground the figure of the tyrant, this chapter argues that, though early sixteenth-century English drama engages deeply with issues of tyranny and misuse of sovereign power, these plays are not concerned with the issue of usurpation. The nature or origins of sovereignty itself are not scrutinized in these plays. The ‘good king-bad tyrant’ conflict that is the central agon of later plays which pit the legitimate monarch against the usurper, is effaced as the good king himself transforms into the bad tyrant.