Addicted

Cinema, MD ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 149-170
Author(s):  
Eelco F.M. Wijdicks
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Therapeutic Drugs ◽  
Morality Plays ◽  
History Of

Cinema has a terrible reputation in its portrayal of drug use, alcohol consumption, and smoking. Early to mid-20th-century films frequently glamorized smoking and drinking. Drunkenness could also be milked for humor. Organizations that provide ratings for films have been continuously challenged by advocates of moderation. For responsible screenwriters, portraying the abuse of these substances creates great “morality plays.” They can show the downward trajectory and consequently poor quality of life of people with addictions. This chapter discusses how cinema has depicted drug use and smoking but also places it into the history of addiction throughout the decades of the 20th century. Filmmakers have used addiction to great effect. In the dreamed-up world of medicine in cinema, the physician is often blamed for prescribing therapeutic drugs that the patient goes on to abuse.

scholarly journals P645 Mental health, work presenteeism and exercise in IBD patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S577-S577
Author(s):  
M Sciberras ◽  
C Nascimento ◽  
T Tabone ◽  
K Karmiris ◽  
P Nikolaou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
International Study ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Psychiatric Medication ◽  
Active Involvement ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Previous Medication ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background IBD has been shown to increase the rates of anxiety and depression amongst diagnosed individuals, with a prevalence rate of approximately 15- 20%. Chronic diseases such as IBD can have a significant impact on productivity at work (presenteeism). This can lead to emotional distress, poor quality of life and cost effects on employers. The primary aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of psychological problems, exercise levels and presenteeism at work among IBD patients. Methods This was a multicentre international study whereby IBD patients (>18 years) in clinical remission over the last year, were asked to answer an anonymous questionnaire. Demographic data, type of IBD, current and previous medication, admissions to hospital, history of psychiatric referrals, Stanford Presenteeism Scale (SPS-6), Godin Score (exercise related score) were collected. Exclusion criteria included patients with IBD flares requiring corticosteroids in the previous 12 months. Results 573 patients (CD: n=318) from 8 European Centres and Israel participated in the study. The mean patient age was 39.9 years (SD+/- 13.0). 21.6% were smokers and 48.5% were non-smokers. The rest were ex-smokers. 10.9% of patients had a diagnosis of depression/anxiety prior to the diagnosis of IBD, whereas this increased to 20.6% post-IBD diagnosis, this being significantly commoner in the CD cohort (23.0%, p<0.05) and in females (55.8%, p<0.05). 37.7% of patients had been to a psychiatrist or a psychologist (41% of CD, p<0.05) with 11.7% of patients being on psychiatric medication (14.5% of CD, p<0.05). Low presenteeism at work was evident in 34.7%, with no statistically significant difference between UC and CD patients (p=0.5). 39.9% had a Godin Exercise Score being in the active range, 38.8% had a sedentary/insufficient exercise score. The rest were moderately active. Patients diagnosed with depression/anxiety had a more sedentary lifestyle. Conclusion In our study 37.7% of patients were referred for psychological help. This can have several effects including poor presenteeism at work (34.7%) and reduced efficiency. These issues are commoner in patients with CD than in UC. Active involvement of a psychologist/ psychiatrist as part of the IBD team should be routine as to improve the patient’s quality of life.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Non-Communicable Diseases History and Health-Related Quality of Life

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajeng Tias Endarti ◽  
Agus Handito
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
History Of

Disaster-prone population is vulnerable for suffering non-communicable diseases (NCDs) which become risk factors for poor quality of life (QoL). The study aims at investigating the effect of history of NCDs to the QoL. QoL was measured by WHODAS. NCDs with prevalence more than 1% were involved in analysis. Those NCDs included shortness of breath, diabetes, hypertension, joint disease and stroke. Among 1,872 respondents of Riskesdas, 7.7% of them have a poor QoL, suffering hypertension (8.7%), shortness of breath (7.3%) and asthma (6.9%). Risks of poor QoL six times higher among those with a history of PTM (PORadj 5.987; 95% CI 4.210-8.514) after adjusted by age, gender, education, socioeconomic status and region of residence. Stroke gives the greatest impact with POR 25.00 (95% CI 10.406 to 60.063). We recommend that the promotion and prevention of NCDs should be integrated with both mitigation-related and community resilience activities to disasters.

Predictors of Poor Quality of Life 1 Year After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Neurosurgery ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 256-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahrah Taufique ◽  
Teresa May ◽  
Emma Meyers ◽  
Cristina Falo ◽  
Stephan A. Mayer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Cognitive Rehabilitation ◽  
Sickness Impact Profile ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
History Of ◽  
Grade 3

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Risk factors for poor quality of life (QOL) after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) remain poorly described. OBJECTIVE: To identify the frequency and predictors of poor QOL 1 year after SAH. METHODS: We studied 1-year QOL in a prospectively collected cohort of 1181 consecutively admitted SAH survivors between July 1996 and May 2013. Patient clinical, radiographic, surgical, and acute clinical course information was recorded. Reduced QOL (overall, physical, and psychosocial) at 1 year was assessed with the Sickness Impact Profile and defined as 2 SD below population-based normative Sickness Impact Profile values. Logistic regression leveraging multiple imputation to handle missing data was used to evaluate reduced QOL. RESULTS: Poor overall QOL was observed in 35% of patients. Multivariable analysis revealed that nonwhite ethnicity, high school education or less, history of depression, poor clinical grade (Hunt-Hess Grade ≥3), and delayed infarction were predictors of poor overall and psychosocial QOL. Poor physical QOL was additionally associated with older age, hydrocephalus, pneumonia, and sepsis. At 1 year, patients with poor QOL had increased difficulty concentrating, cognitive dysfunction, depression, and reduced activities of daily living. More than 91% of patients with poor QOL failed to fully return to work. These patients frequently received physical rehabilitation, but few received cognitive rehabilitation or emotional-behavioral support. CONCLUSION: Reduced QOL affects as many as one-third of SAH survivors 1 year after SAH. Delayed infarction is the most important in-hospital modifiable factor that affects QOL. Increased attention to cognitive and emotional difficulties after hospital discharge may help patients achieve greater QOL.

Poor Quality of Life in Young Smokers With Smoking History of Short Duration

CHEST Journal ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 127 (5) ◽  
pp. 1862
Author(s):  
Marco Raciti ◽  
Giuseppe U. Di Maria ◽  
Riccardo Polosa
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Short Duration ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Smoking History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Young Smokers

scholarly journals Preoperative Falls and Their Association with Functional Dependence and Quality of Life

2016 ◽  
Vol 125 (2) ◽  
pp. 322-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa L. Kronzer ◽  
Rose D. Tang ◽  
Allison P. Schelble ◽  
Arbi Ben Abdallah ◽  
Troy S. Wildes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Elective Surgery ◽  
Functional Dependence ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Aged Patients ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background No study has rigorously explored the characteristics of surgical patients with recent preoperative falls. Our objective was to describe the essential features of preoperative falls and determine whether they are associated with preoperative functional dependence and poor quality of life. Methods This was an observational study involving 15,060 surveys from adult patients undergoing elective surgery. The surveys were collected between January 2014 and August 2015, with a response rate of 92%. Results In the 6 months before surgery, 26% (99% CI, 25 to 27%) of patients fell at least once, and 12% (99% CI, 11 to 13%) fell at least twice. The proportion of patients who fell was highest among patients presenting for neurosurgery (41%; 99% CI, 36 to 45%). At least one fall-related injury occurred in 58% (99% CI, 56 to 60%) of those who fell. Falls were common in all age groups, but surprisingly, they did not increase monotonically with age. Middle-aged patients (45 to 64 yr) had the highest proportion of fallers (28%), recurrent fallers (13%), and severe fall-related injuries (27%) compared to younger (18 to 44 yr) and older (65+ yr) patients (P < 0.001 for each). A fall within 6 months was independently associated with preoperative functional dependence (odds ratio, 1.94; 99% CI, 1.68 to 2.24) and poor physical quality of life (odds ratio, 2.18; 99% CI, 1.88 to 2.52). Conclusions Preoperative falls might be common and are possibly often injurious in the presurgical population, across all ages. A history of falls could enhance the assessment of preoperative functional dependence and quality of life.

scholarly journals Berbagai Faktor yang Berpengaruh Terhadap Kualitas Hidup Penyelam Tradisional Penderita Penyakit Dekompresi

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Sri Rahayu Widyastuti ◽  
Suharyo Hadisaputro ◽  
Munasik Munasik
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Decompression Sickness ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Loss Of Consciousness ◽  
Diving Depth ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
History Of ◽  
Control Study

Background: Decompression sickness is thought to have an effect on health-related quality of life (HRQL), however, not yet known factors that affect the quality of life on traditional divers with decompression sickness.Methods: This research was a mix methods research with case-control study design which strengthened by FGD. The participants were 66 volunteers, consist of  33 cases dan 33 controls. The data obtained from the study were analyzed using bivariate and multivariate analysis.Results: Variables that had been proven to affect poor quality of life were history of hypertension  comorbid (p = 0.010; OR = 65.476; 95% CI = 2.735 – 1,568), diving depth ≥ 30 meters (p = 0.014; OR = 38.410; 95% CI = 2.114 – 698.028), history of loss of consciousness during diving (p = 0.009; OR = 12.456, 95% CI = 1.884 – 82.363), diving duration ≥ 2 hours (p = 0.021; OR = 9.860; 95% CI = 1.410 – 68.943), suffering from anemia (p = 0.024; OR = 8.837; 95% CI = 1.332 – 58.632), frequency of decompression sickness history > 1 time (p = 0.020; OR = 8.834; 95% CI = 1.404 – 55.584).Conclusion: Factors that had been proven to affect poor quality of life on traditional diver with decompression sickness were the history of hypertension comorbid, diving depth ≥ 30 meters, history of loss of consciousness during diving, diving duration ≥ 2 hours, suffering from anemia, the frequency of previous decompression sickness > 1 time.

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