CONTRIBUTION TO THE HYDROCHEMICAL KNOWLEDGE OF AQUIFERS IN THE DEPARTMENT OF TANDJILE-EAST, SOUTHERN CHAD

The province of Tandjile is one of the 23 provinces of the Republic of Chad. The drinking water supply rate in this region remains low. Part of the population obtains its water supply through open wells and / or surface water. Climatic and anthropogenic variations in recent years have shown how much groundwater can be influenced both in terms of its quality and its quantity to be used. The objective of this study is to provide knowledge on the state of the hydrodynamic and hydrochemical parameters of the aquifer of the department of Tandjile-Est to help decision-makers in their approach. This study is based mainly on existing data collected in Chadian institutions and literary journals. The analysis of these data showed that the lithology is represented by clayey, sandy, lateritic formations and clay-sandy mixtures. The aquifers are sandy and sandy-clayey. The groundwater temperature values are in equilibrium with those of the air, the pH shows values close to neutrality and the electrical conductivity below standards (Chad, WHO). The groundwater in the study area is not very mineralized and the concentrations of elements indicating contamination (nitrates, chloride, etc.) are clearly in traces. Chemical analyzes revealed two chemical facies: calcium and magnesium bicarbonate and sodium and / or potassium bicarbonate.

Finding Joy and Elegy

Amidst the despair, desperation, death, and economic deprivation of the pandemic, poetry—and creative outlets more broadly—have arisen to assist us in both making sense of the world at large, as well as addressing our own struggles during and from these challenges. This essay seeks to put these works into conversation as part of a process—along with quarantine—of seeding, an opportunity to grow new roots and networks. Drawing from a field of established literary journals and ones established during and explicitly to address the pandemic, the essay aims to begin a process of distilling the ways that even amongst fear and loss we must (and will) find ways to find joy. This requires us to seek out new forms of elegy that elaborate and understand the importance of relations and joys between peoples, and the new relational possibilities that our life holds for us as we move towards a post-pandemic world.

The Old with a Fresh Outlook or the Issue of Protagonists’ Identity in Relation to Time

Roland Giorgadze regularly publishes his poetry and prose in Georgian literary journals and newspapers and thus humbly contributes to the development of Georgian literary processes. The bulk of his work is presented by the following publications: Dream President (2001), The Road (2011), The Cry (2017) and Diso, Diso (2020).This time we are dealing with the novel Diso, Diso. Here, the writer described life in Georgia in the 90-ies of the 20th century in gloomy, yet, very realistic colors without any embellishment. Some very accurate stresses are made upon the poor spiritual state of the country and upon the tragic reality it causes. The novel tries to show the deplorable reasons why a human being in this ideal-free society is doomed to become degraded even if they experience a rise (before a fall). The evil has a new beginning and life in every epoch and this new beginning is presented through the character of Elepter in the novel. The novel has a slightly documentary hue. The author openly discusses all the problems. His political flair is infallible and he has a good sense of judging and evaluating current events. All walks of life are branded with the mark of a country not properly attended. Human values and selfless love for one’s homeland are no longer priorities. Diso, Diso is full of didactic maxims that clearly show the life experience of the author, his adherence to lofty values. Roland Giorgadze understands well the purpose of a literary work and that is why all his words and phrases are loaded with meaning. The author manages to convey a meaningful message is a compressed, verbally laconic way. The writer uncovers the dramatic scenes of spiritual poverty marked with time, existential details of economical squalor, that cause the fear of national endangerment and the threat of looming genocide. The criticizing and uncovering the national and state faults should not be understood as self-flagellation. It aims at making readers think and also reminding them about the importance of moral life, being close to the creator, about love and the good of forgiving. The author sees the preserving national identity through religious faith. He also sets the ways of coping with these problems in this gloomy scene of national and religious degeneration.To our judgment, Diso, Diso is an interesting publication on the current literary scene and we hope it will get the attention of both general readers and literary critics.

The Reception of Ernest Hemingway’s Works in Albanian Literature and Culture

The main aim of this paper is to illuminate the positive reception and influence of Hemingway’s translated work in the Albanian-speaking world. On the whole, Hemingway’s reception in Albanian literature and culture has largely been overlooked and it thus requires more profound attention and consideration. Hence, this paper will attempt to fill up a large vacuum that existed so far in Ernest Hemingway’s reception in Albanian literature and culture.“Jeta e re,” one of the most reputable literary journals in Kosova, published several journalistic and literary critiques on Hemingway written by various Albanian and international authors throughout the 20th century. Using a critical and comparative literary approach and by referencing these published prefaces, introductions, articles, reviews, etc. mainly by Albanian authors, this paper details and analyzes the research, journalism, and literary criticism published in “Jeta e re” regarding Hemingway’s works. The paper concludes that Hemingway’s literary works and masterpieces were translated and published frequently and were received with warmth and enthusiasm, leading to Hemingway becoming one of the most admired authors among Albanian readers.

The Reception of Ernest Hemingway’s Works in Albanian Literature and Culture

The main aim of this paper is to illuminate the positive reception and influence of Hemingway’s translated work in the Albanian-speaking world. On the whole, Hemingway’s reception in Albanian literature and culture has largely been overlooked and it thus requires more profound attention and consideration. Hence, this paper will attempt to fill up a large vacuum that existed so far in Ernest Hemingway’s reception in Albanian literature and culture.“Jeta e re,” one of the most reputable literary journals in Kosova, published several journalistic and literary critiques on Hemingway written by various Albanian and international authors throughout the 20th century. Using a critical and comparative literary approach and by referencing these published prefaces, introductions, articles, reviews, etc. mainly by Albanian authors, this paper details and analyzes the research, journalism, and literary criticism published in “Jeta e re” regarding Hemingway’s works. The paper concludes that Hemingway’s literary works and masterpieces were translated and published frequently and were received with warmth and enthusiasm, leading to Hemingway becoming one of the most admired authors among Albanian readers.

Institutions, platforms and the production of debut success in contemporary book culture

Bestsellers, defined by the high sales numbers they achieve and the hype they generate, are success stories that periodically galvanise the contemporary book industry. Most publishers actively seek to produce bestsellers, using a range of strategies. Contemporary bestsellers, particularly from peripheral markets and by debut authors, are produced through the strategic joining of two co-existing modes of capitalism: conglomerate capitalism and platform capitalism. This article analyses the publication pathways and reception of two debut bestsellers by Australian authors: Hannah Kent’s Burial Rites and Heather Morris’ The Tattooist of Auschwitz. To analyse these case study titles, we constructed publishing histories, collected five media reviews for each book from reputable publications and literary journals, and scraped the top 100 reviews on Goodreads. These case studies show how the particular textual qualities of each book, highlighted in publishers’ marketing material, shape the media and reader reception of each book, and the mechanisms and strategic alliances with traditional institutional and platform networks at work in producing success in post-digital book culture. Bestsellers show the logics and systems of an industry in flux, and the strategies that can support a debut work to reach a mass audience.

L’Afrique du Nord, un nouveau centre littéraire français entre 1940 et 1944 ? L’exemple de « Tunisie française littéraire » au miroir de la traduction

The German Occupation of France (starting in summer 1940) brought about a brutal reclassification of literary values and a redefinition of “center” and “periphery” in the French Republic of Letters. The outcome of this phenomenon is particularly interesting in North Africa between 1940–1944. Indeed, the periodical Fontaine (edited in Algiers by Max Pol Fouchet), as well as Tunisie française littéraire (edited in Tunis under the aegis of Armand Guibert and Jean Amrouche), express a strong desire to take over a Parisian “center” discredited by the Occupation and the Collaboration, and create new “literary capitals” on the fringes of the metropolis. This paper focuses on Tunisie française littéraire (a very influential publication in North Africa during the war, to which A. Camus and G. Stein contributed), analyses the role of cultural mediation played by literary journals geographically “peripheral” and their members in an attempt to redefine the contours of the “center” (Paris) and the “periphery” (the French colonial Empire) — an initiative where translations, particularly of indigenous authors, proved to be an important issue.

Debora Vogel w galicyjskim jidyszlandzie. Czasopismo „Cusztajer”

The paper sums up the history and analysis of Tsushteyer [Contribution] literary journal, published between 1929 and 1931 in Lviv. The goal of the group under the same name (comprising such writers as Debora Vogel, Rachela Auerbach, Ber Shnaper, Melekh Ravitsh and Mendl Neugröschl) was to create a strong Yiddish-speaking cultural centre in Galicia. One of their projects was establishing and publishing a literary journal. Three issues of Tsushteyer contained prose, poetry, essays and art reproductions. The paper describes the characteristics of the contents, emphasises the role of Debora Vogel in the editorial office and outlines the unique features of Tsushteyer in comparison with other Yiddish literary journals.