KARAKTER VISUAL GANG GAMBIRAN KAWASAN PECINAN, SEMARANG

: Chinese culture played a major role in forming the identity of the semarang city, which is seen by the Chinatown as both economic and Tionghoa cultural center in Semarang. As a result of growing economic activity, the building with Chinese architectural in Chinatown had physical changes that adjusted the needs of the region’s residents. This resulted a change in the visual quality of the Semarang Chinatown as a historic settlement in Semarang. However, observations have shown that there are still quite a few historical houses, especially in Gang Baru, Gang Gambiran, Gang Besen. The study aims to learn how houses in the Gang Gambiran as one of the corridors that still maintain traditional characteristics on the facade may affect the characteristics of space in the Semarang Chinatown. The study employed qualitative methods with the facade of buildings in Gang Gambiran as a component that affected the visual character of the region. That indicator became the guide in data collection and analysis. As a result, the visual character of the Chinatown in the Gang Gambiran as one of the corridors in Semarang Chinatown settlement was strongly influenced by a dwelling that still retained the architectural significance of China.Abstrak: Kebudayaan Tionghoa berperan besar dalam membentuk identitas kota Semarang, hal tersebut terlihat dengan adanya Kawasan Pecinan (Chinatown) sebagai kawasan sentra ekonomi yang padat dan juga pusat kebudayaan warga Tionghoa di Semarang. Akibat kegiatan ekonomi yang semakin bertumbuh, bangunan dengan ciri arsitektur Tionghoa di Pecinan mengalami perubahan fisik bangunan yang menyesuaikan dengan kebutuhan penghuni kawasan. Hal tersebut mengakibatkan perubahan kualitas karakter visual kawasan Pecinan Semarang sebagai permukiman bersejarah di Semarang. Namun, dari pengamatan yang dilakukan ditemukan masih cukup banyak bangunan, khususnya tipe hunian di dalam beberapa koridor yang masih mempertahankan bentuk fasad sesuai ciri khas arsitektur Tionghoa. Bangunan-bangunan tersebut khususnya berada di koridor Gang Baru, Gang Gambiran, Gang Besen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana hunian di Gang Gambiran sebagai salah satu koridor yang masih terdapat ciri khas tradisional pada fasad bangunan dapat mempengaruhi karakteristik ruang di Kawasan Pecinan Semarang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan fasad bangunan di Gang Gambiran sebagai komponen yang mempengaruhi karakter visual kawasan. Indikator tersebut menjadi patokan di dalam pengumpulan data dan analisa. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah karakter visual Kawasan Pecinan di Gang Gambiran sebagai salah satu koridor di Kawasan Pecinan Semarang cukup kuat dipengaruhi oleh hunian yang masih mempertahankan ciri khas arsitektur China.

Land Use/Land Cover Dynamics and its Environmental Impacts in Kulfo Watershed, Gamo Highlands, South Western Ethiopia

Gamo highland have experienced drastic cover dynamics of land resource resulted from historic settlement, heavy concentration of human and livestock population, and obsolete farming practices. The aim of this study was to examine the dynamics of the land use/land cover and its consequent environmental impacts in Kulfo watershed located in South Western Ethiopia. Historic spatial and socio-economic data were used in GIS and Remote Sensing environment to analyze and map the research data. The result of this study revealed that the Land use/ cover change analysis conducted in three periods (1986, 1999 and 2017) showed a remarkable dynamics and modification over varying cover types. In 1986 the dominant land use land covers were cultivated land (42%) followed by pasture land (23%) and forest land (18.3%). After 32 years (2017), cultivated land (71%), shrub land (7.5%) and bare lands (6.2%) were the three dominant land uses/cover types in the study area. During the study period, cultivation encroached to marginal steep slopes (with gradient more than 60%) and mountain grasslands where once used as a place of celebrating traditional festivals and grazing lands. Such a dramatic change in three-decade period has further increased degraded lands and raised erosion vulnerable areas to 97.2%, the resultant effects of which has greatly threatened the livelihood of communities in the watershed. The land use in the study watershed is not as of the land capability, excess forest, shrub and grasslands were unnecessarily brought under agriculture. Therefore, it is recommended that land has to be used as per its capability and conservation measures shall give attention to erosion prone areas.

From residential village to heritage marketplace: evaluation morphological transformation and their use consequences over time in the historic settlement of Al-Wakran, Qatar

Many people consider Al Wakrah to be a distinctive settlement for cultural heritage in the State of Qatar. Based on archaeological evidence, the area of Al Wakrah was perhaps the first urban center of Qatar. Originally a fishing and pearling village like the capital city of Doha, globalization and rapid urbanization also characterized the development of Al Wakrah over the last halfcentury, leading to a remarkable transformation in the morphology of the settlement. The paper studies this morphological transformation of Al Wakrah and the consequences for socioeconomic and functional use. In doing so, the paper offers some clarity about the identity and dynamics of Al Wakrah as a traditional heritage district today; specifically, Souq Al Wakrah. We explore this within the context of traditional marketplaces in general, and souqs in the Arab States of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region in particular. The study explores the symbiotic relationship between urban morphology, land use, and function in settlement form. The purpose is to develop a deeper understanding of urban changes and expansion on the use and experience of Souq Wakrah as a public place today. Researchers apply several representational techniques standard in morphological studies, including analysis of urban spatial networks using space syntax. The findings of the paper indicate the design and planning nature of Souq Wakrah as a contemporary heritage re-creation. It contrasts with more straightforward examples of historic preservation and restoration in other traditional marketplaces of Qatar itself and elsewhere in the world. This situation arose due to the nearcomplete demolition of most historic structures in Al Wakrah during the recent past, except for a few isolated examples. However, a few important ‘traces’ of Al Wakrah’s morphological history remain consistent over time, despite the dramatic transformations in the rest of the settlement over time. The paper concludes by discussing the potential implications for design and planning policy in the protection and preservation of historic resources in the State of Qatar. It argues for the critical importance of developing a clear understanding of the relationship between form, function, and the urban context of such places in future preservation projects.

FENOMENA KERUANGAN PERMUKIMAN DI PULAU PENYENGAT

<p><strong> </strong></p><p>Konfigurasi ruang permukiman pesisir di Pulau Penyengat bukan hanya terbentuk dari geomorfologi fisik lingkungannya, namun terkait dengan peristiwa masa lalu dan kondisi sosial budaya masyarakat yang membentuknya. Penelitian ini penting dalam rangka mengungkapkan tema keruangan permukiman yang berimplikasi dalam menyusun konsep keruangan sehingga dapat berkontribusi terkait penyusunan kebijakan perencanaan dan perancangan kawasan permukiman bersejarah di Pulau Penyengat. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan <em>Grounded Theory</em> dalam paradigma penelitian kualitatif untuk menjawab atas permasalahan dasar penelitian, yakni bagaimanakah fenomena keruangan permukiman pesisir terkait dengan pertumbuhannya dalam upaya mengungkapkan tema keruangan yang terbentuk di Pulau Penyengat. Temuan dalam penelitian menunjukan bahwa fenomena keruangan yang terbentuk di Pulau Penyengat telah mengalami enam fase pertumbuhan yang terkait dengan konfigurasi ruang permukiman pesisir dalam empat tema penting, yakni: translasi ruang cagar budaya dan warisan; interseksi ruang sosial pada ruang pesisir; interaksi ruang sosial dalam ruang ritual dan ziarah, dan; simbolik ruang spiritual dan kekuasaan. </p><p> </p><p>Kata kunci: <em>Pertumbuhan Kota, Permukiman Pesisir, Konfigurasi Ruang, Grounded Theory, Pulau Warisan</em></p><p><em> </em></p><p><strong> </strong></p><p align="center"><strong><em>ABSTRACT</em></strong></p><p><em>Space configuration of coastal settlement in Penyengat Island was not formed by the physical geomorphological only, but related with historical events and socio-cultural aspects. This research is important in order to reveal the theme of spatial settlements and have implications in composing spatial concept. It can contribute to the policy of planning and design in Penyengat Island as the historic settlement area. This study uses the Grounded Theory approach in a qualitative research paradigm to answer the basic problem of research, namely how the spatial settlement phenomenon in Pulau Penyengat related to the space configuration of coastal settlement. The findings in this study show that spatial phenomena formed in Penyengat Island are not only related to the physical themes of the waterfront areas that tend to be linear, but related to four important themes: translation of cultural heritage and heritage space; intersection of social space in coastal space; the interaction of social space in ritual and pilgrim, and; symbolic of spiritual and power spaces.</em></p><p><em> </em></p><p><em>Keywords : </em><em>Urban Growth, Coastal Settlements, Space Configuration, Grounded Theory, Herritage Island</em><em></em></p>

Control litológico y estructural de los deslizamientos en el monte Rodiles (Asturias, España) Lithological and structural control of landslides in the Rodiles Hill (Asturias, Spain)

Resumen: El monte Rodiles, situado en el margen oriental de la ría de Villaviciosa, conserva evidencias de ocupación histórica desde sus orígenes como castro romanizado. El asentamiento está limitado en su vertiente sur por los restos de una muralla defensiva, mientras que en la ladera nororiental existen escarpes rocosos que debieron de actuar como defensa del enclave. Este trabajo realiza un análisis del relieve y revisa la estructura del sustrato geológico en el entorno próximo para determinar el origen de los escarpes en la ladera nordeste. Los datos de campo y el análisis de la topografía permiten identificar la existencia de varios deslizamientos que afectan a gran parte de la ladera nororiental del monte Rodiles. La masa deslizada aprovecha la inclinación de la sucesión litológica del Jurásico hacia el NE. La existencia de un nivel de arcillas, mecánicamente incompetentes, por debajo de los conglomerados de la Formación La Ñora, mecánicamente más competentes, permite el movimiento de la ladera hacia el mar. Estos escarpes están además alineados con la terminación lateral de una falla normal Mesozoica reactivada posteriormente como una falla inversa durante el levantamiento de la Cordillera Cantábrica. Las cicatrices de los deslizamientos, desarrolladas sobre niveles métricos de conglomerados fracturados, constituyeron por tanto una defensa natural del enclave histórico.Palabras clave: enclave histórico, deslizamientos, estabilidad de taludes, conglomerados jurásicos.Abstract: The Rodiles hill, on the eastern shores of the Villaviciosa estuary, preserves evidences of historic occupation since the romans. The settlement has a defensive wall in the south and is bounded to the north by a cragged slope to the sea. This work investigates the relief and the structure of the rocks in the area aiming at finding an origin for the crags in the northeastern slope of the hill. Field observations and the analysis of the topography reveal the presence of several landslides that affect most of the northeastern hillside. The dip of the Jurassic rock sequence to the NE and the presence of a two meter-thick layer of shales, mechanically very plastic, below the La Ñora conglomerates Formation, mechanically very competent, favours the slip of the hillside. The scarps are aligned with the lateral termination of a Mesozoic normal fault, reactivated as a reverse fault during the formation of the Cantabrian Mountains. The head scarps at the back of the landslides, developed on fractured conglomerates, constituted a natural defence during the historic settlement.Keywords: historic settlement, slides, slope stability, Jurassic conglomerates.

La scuola del nuovo millennio: tra italiano, dialetti e altre lingue

The Italian linguistic space has been traditionally characterised by a tripolar situation: the pole of Italian and its varieties, the pole of Italian dialects and their varieties and the pole of minority languages of historic settlement. In the last four decades a new linguistic phenomenon has swept across the Italian society: the emergence of immigrant languages. This has brought up a quadripolar linguistic situation with the insertion a fourth pole based on this ‘neoplurilingualism’. Despite this situation of plurilingualism that has always characterised Italy, many international and national surveys observe that there is still a tendency to monolingualism in different Italian contexts. Education is one of these. Actually, in schools, little attention is paid to languages other than Italian whether foreign or immigrant. In confirming this trend, however, this paper also focuses on the so called engaged language policy which calls for the right to language policy-making in which all concerned – communities, parents, students, educators, and advocates – collectively imagine new strategies for resisting global marginalisation of home languages and cultural identities.