Principles of organization of the water ecological framework of the city

This paper examines the problems of organizing coastal areas from the point of view of their most important role of the ecological framework in the structure of the city. Taking into account the needs of the population in health security, comfortable stay near the water space, possible ways to ensure the functionality of the environment and the integration of coastal territories into the planning structure of the area are proposed. Using the example of Moscow, changes in the natural component of river valleys as a result of anthropogenic impact are shown, the most significant criteria for organizing the coastal space are given, and the main design principles are identified.

BUMDes as an Alternative Resolution to the Conflict of Marine Tourism Management in Madura

The utilization of coastal space for marine tourist destination has developed very rapidly; unfortunately, this marine tourism management potentially results in conflict. Marine tourism managed by villagers in Bangkalan Regency is the example of potential conflict in its implementation. In Labuhan Village, Sepulu Sub District, Bangkalan Regency mangrove tourism has resulted in conflict of management between the communities in a village. It is well established that public participation is one of variables that can affect supportability of coastal environment for marine tourism development, but non-participative management will affect the sustainability of tourism business itself. The objective of research was to formulate the model of marine tourism management policy through Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDes). Such policy model is expected to minimize the conflict of spatial management. To achieve this objective of research, a Socio Legal Research type was used with factual and conceptual approaches. The result of research showed that the marine tourism management policy in Madura coastal area is managed more in group by mangrove farmer group, tourism consciousness group (pokdarwis) and community supervisor group (pokwasmas), and only very few have been managed by BUMDes. BUMDes is selected to be a legitimized institution in managing the marine tourism in coastal areas, because BUMDes can stimulate and activate the rural economic wheel managed fully by villagers. Juridical construction of marine tourism management through BUMDes can be legitimized based on Village Act. Village Regulation and legal entity-organization are legal figures underlying the marine tourism management through BUMDes as governed in Village Act and Minister of Village, Transmigration, and Disadvantaged Region’s Regulation about the establishment, the administration and management, and the dismissal of Village-Owned Enterprises.

Towards Environmental Sustainability in Marine Finfish Aquaculture

Aquaculture is one of the fastest growing food production sectors and has great potential for food security and livelihoods. However, it generates concerning consequences for the environment, including chemical and biological pollution, disease outbreaks, unsustainable feeds and competition for coastal space. Recent investigations are focusing on sustainable techniques (e.g., polyculture, offshore facilities) to improve the relationship between the industry, environment and society. This review provides an overview of the main factors of ecological concern within marine finfish aquaculture, their interactions with the environment, and highlights sustainable alternatives that are currently in use or development. Adequate environmental monitoring and location of farms, the reduction and exploitation of wastes and chemicals being used is crucial to ensure the growth and continuity of aquaculture production.

Community-Based Tourism in Ceará's Coastal Space

This work derives from postdoctoral research funded by Funcap-CAPES in Brazil. It investigates innovation in community-based tourism in coastal spaces. The competitiveness of tourist companies has a great relationship with innovation and it with the sustainability of the environment. The objective of this chapter is to present the innovations implemented that resulted in being practices derived from concepts of corporate social responsibility and to present the innovations that the coastal communities of Ceará have implemented in recent years. The innovations were identified in relation to community management for the benefit of collective rights, innovative activities in accommodation, intermediation, and use of space, among others. This work is expected to improve the ability to learn and multiply innovation in dynamic environments such as tourism and being able to add knowledge about the innovation capacity of Ceará tourism companies, collaborating for a discussion of their learning, and the multiplication of their knowledge.

Slippery ontologies of tidal flats

Tidal flats are a type of coastal space that flood at high tides and are exposed at low tides—not quite land or sea. Distinct from open waters or seabeds, tidal flats’ in-betweenness gives them particular materialities that constantly frustrate our efforts to know them. Inspired by the provocation of recent scholarship on “wet ontologies” while simultaneously recognizing the nuances within water worlds, I argue for the slippery ontologies of tidal flats and explore the implications of this approach. Specifically, this paper shows how tidal flats’ dynamic and ambiguous materialities resist attempts to place them into modern knowledge systems. Drawing upon the particular case of South Korea’s tidal flats, called getbol, I first interrogate the in-betweenness of tidal flats, a major source of their material and conceptual slipperiness. I then discuss the similarities and differences between tidal flats and other types of land–water spaces. Next, through several interviews with those who produce modern scientific knowledge of getbol, I examine how tidal flats’ unique compositions interfere with modernity’s efforts to measure their boundaries, matter, and verticality. I highlight how both non-humans and humans contribute to tidal flats’ slipperiness. Finally, I show how the slippery nature of tidal flats has threatened their survival. In South Korea alone, more than half the tidal flats were removed due to reclamation efforts in the past century. In this context, I contend that fully embracing tidal flats’ slippery ontologies may prevent them from further endangerment.

PEMETAAN BATIMETRI PANTAI MALALAYANG DUA, KOTA MANADO

As with other coastal areas, Malalayang Dua Coast has been used for various activities and is predicted to continue to grow along with the development of Manado City. To support efforts to manage and utilize coastal space in an effective and sustainable manner, data and information are needed related to oceanographic factors, one of which is the bathymetry condition of the coastal waters. This research was carried out with the aim of describing the bathymetric conditions and analyzing the slope of the bottom of the waters. The depth measurement by acoustic method was carried out along 15 survey lines and 750 fixed measurement points, and the bathymetry map was drawn with reference to Mean Seawater Level (MSL). The results obtained indicate that the bathymetry of Malalayang Dua Coast in the west has shallow waters that are wider than the eastern one. Meanwhile, parts of the waters deeper up to a depth of 50 m appear to be steeper in the West than on the East side. In the middle part of the observed waters, there is a part that is relatively deep and protrudes towards the land with a steeper side towards the east. The slope of the bottom of the water in the west (Profile 1) is indicated by flat slopes (2.6%) to a depth of 7 m, and slopes (13%) at a depth of 7 m to 50 m. In the middle section (Profile 2) the slope is categorized as gentle (3%) to a depth of 4 m, and inclined slopes (10%) at a depth of 4 m to 50 m. In the eastern part (Profile 3) the slopes are categorized as sloping slopes (10.28) to a depth of 35 m, and gentle slopes (3.42%) at a depth of 35 m to 50 m. Keywords: bathymetry, acoustics, slope, Malalayang Dua CoastAbstrakSebagaimana wilayah pantai pada umumnya, Pantai Malalayang Dua telah dimanfaatkan untuk berbagai aktivitas dan diprediksi akan terus berkembang seiring perkembangan Kota Manado. Untuk menunjang upaya pengelolaan dan pemanfaatan ruang pantai secara efektif dan berkelanjutan, diperlukan data dan informasi terkait faktor oseanografi dimana salah satu yang penting yaitu kondisi batimetri perairan pantai tersebut. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan tujuan untuk menggambarkan kondisi batimetri dan menganalisis kemiringan lereng dasar perairan. Pengukuran kedalaman dengan metode akustik dilakukan sepanjang 15 lajur perum dan 750 titik fix perum, dan peta batimetri digambarkan dengan referensi Muka Laut Rata-rata (Mean Seawater Level - MSL). Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa batimetri Pantai Malalayang Dua sebelah Barat memiliki perairan dangkal yang lebih lebar dibandingkan sebelah Timur. Sementara itu, untuk bagian perairan yang lebih dalam hingga kedalaman 50 m nampak lebih terjal di bagian Barat dibandingkan sisi sebelah Timur. Pada bagian tengah perairan yang diamati, terdapat bagian yang relatif dalam dan menjorok ke arah darat dengan sisi yang lebih terjal ke arah sebelah Timur. Kemiringan lereng dasar perairan di sebelah Barat (Profil 1) terindikasi lereng datar (2,6%) hingga kedalaman 7 m, dan lereng miring (13%) pada kedalaman 7 m hingga 50 m. Pada bagian tengah (Profil 2) kemiringan lereng terkategori landai (3%) hingga kedalaman 4 m, dan lereng miring (10%) pada kedalaman 4 m hingga 50 m. Pada bagian Timur (Profil 3) kemiringan lereng terkategori lereng miring (10,28) hingga kedalaman 35 m, dan lereng landai (3,42%) pada kedalaman 35 m hingga 50 m. Kata kunci: batimetri, akustik, kemiringan lereng, Pantai Malalayang Dua

NGHIÊN CỨU MÂU THUẪN VÀ LỰA CHỌN ƯU TIÊN TRONG QUY HOẠCH TỔNG HỢP KHÔNG GIAN VEN BIỂN HUYỆN HẢI HẬU - NGHĨA HƯNG TỈNH NAM ĐỊNH

Hai Hau - Nghia Hung are two coastal districts in the Southeast of Nam Dinh province with total area of 35,652.29 km2. Located in the middle between the Southern provinces of the Red river delta and the North Central provinces, Hai Hau and Nghia Hung are about 100 km from Hanoi along National Route 1A and 80 km from Hai Phong, in an area directly affected by the Hanoi - Hai Phong - Quang Ninh growth triangle. The two districts have an approximately 47 km coastline accounting for over 65% of the coastline of the province. Along the coastline there are four rivers: Red river, So river, Ninh Co river and Day river emptying into the sea through the estuaries: Ba Lat, Ha Lan, Ninh Co and Day, which facilitate the development in industry, agriculture, sea ports, trade, tourism... This is also a region with high-speed economic development and a series of plannings. Thus, a number of conflicts in exploiting and using natural resources and environmental protection have been raised, leading to destroyed sceneries, lost ecological balance, and becoming an anxious problem. This paper presents experimental results in defining the conflicts and priorities between sectors and economic fields in integrated coastal space planning of Hai Hau - Nghia Hung districts to select the economic sectors that have the most potential and advantages. Therefore, it will be appropriate in space usage in exploiting and using natural resources and environmental protection, which will provide the basis for the development of a sustainable marine economy.