PRAVOSUĐE (KRIVIČNO) KAO VID JAVNE SLUŽBE

The author gives an overview of the judicial system through the prism of the French legal theory of public services, according to which the state is a set of public services, namely legislative, administrative and judicial public services. The paper contains a theoretical analysis of the notion of state power and then the notion of public service, services of general interest and French legal theory. Within the concept of public service, the author gives an overview of the history of the emergence of public services. Furthermore, the notion of the judicial system is defined as a type of judicial power and as a type of judicial public service on the other hand for the purpose of their mutual comparison and more detailed analysis. Emphasis is also placed on criminal justice as a part of the judiciary that also provides services of general interest. The aim of the paper is to point out that the judiciary is not only a power, a syntagm that most often appears in the legal literature and practice, but that it also contains elements of public service and represents a kind of "citizen service".

E-government and E-services in Local Government: a Case Study

E-government requires the intensive use of ICTs (information and communication technologies) in public institutions to deliver services to citizens efficiently and effectively. E-government allows the transformation of the citizen service delivery system, and its implementation is conditioned by a set of critical factors. The city halls are directly connected with citizens and deliver e-services, but the importance of this level of government is sometimes underestimated. This study aims to explore the influence of critical factors on the e-services implementation in city halls. The authors used a model to assess the e-government development index of 10 city halls and to know the provision of e-services of city halls. The results reveal that the city halls in the study currently offer e-services at the levels of presence and urban information. It important that the efforts of city halls must be oriented to the levels of interaction, transaction and e-democracy.

Building Social Cohesion Through Intergroup Contact: Evaluation of a Large-Scale Intervention to Improve Intergroup Relations Among Adolescents

Past research has found intergroup contact to be a promising intervention to reduce prejudice and has identified adolescence as the developmental period during which intergroup contact is most effective. Few studies, however, have tested whether contact-based interventions can be scaled up to improve intergroup relations at a large scale. The present research evaluated whether and when the National Citizen Service, a large-scale contact-based intervention reaching one in six 15- to 17-year-olds in England and Northern Ireland, builds social cohesion among adolescents from different ethnic backgrounds. In a diverse sample of adolescents (N = 2099; Mage = 16.37, age range: 15–17 years; 58% female), this study used a pretest–posttest design with a double pretest to assess the intervention’s effectiveness. Controlling for test–retest effects, this study found evidence that the intervention decreased intergroup anxiety and increased outgroup perspective-taking—but not that it affected intergroup attitudes, intergroup trust, or perceptions of relative (dis-)advantage. These (small) effects were greater for adolescents who had experienced less positive contact before participating and who talked more about group differences while participating. These findings suggest that the intervention might not immediately improve intergroup relations—but that it has the potential to prepare adolescents, especially those with less positive contact experiences before the intervention, for more positive intergroup interactions in the future.

Analysis of IT Governance COBIT 5.0 (Case Study: Ministry of Religious Affairs of Batam)

Indonesian Government has developed technology-based information systems in their respective environments as an effort to realize public services that meet standards and achieve citizen service satisfaction, and in line with that as the government's efforts to digitize each business process in the government itself. Ministry of Religious Affairs of Batam that has developed this technology-based information system in implementing activities public services at Sekupang office, KUA, and integrated service places. This study aims to analyze the IT governance that has been applied at Ministry of Religious Affairs of Batam in providing public services. This study uses COBIT 5.0 to analyze IT governance in understanding and finding common ground between the needs of Batam citizen and the strategic plan of the Ministry of Religious Affairs of Batam, as well as how to evaluate and monitor IT governance in the actual conditions. This study uses two domains: Plan and Organize (PO) and Monitor and Evaluate (ME), based on the results of questionnaire data processing with 106 respondents, and the average value of the PO domain 3.8 and ME domain 3.9 shows that IT governance is at the Defined Process level. . Found two IT processes with a value of less than 3, namely PO8.1 and PO9.1, it is necessary to recommend improvements to quality management and risk management.

Building social cohesion through intergroup contact: Evaluation of a large-scale intervention to improve intergroup relations among adolescents

Past research has found intergroup contact to be a promising intervention to reduce prejudice and has identified adolescence as the developmental period during which intergroup contact is most effective. Few studies, however, have tested whether contact-based interventions can be scaled up to improve intergroup relations at a large scale. The present research evaluated whether and when the National Citizen Service, a large-scale contact-based intervention reaching one in six 15- to 17-year-olds in England and Northern Ireland, builds social cohesion among adolescents from different ethnic backgrounds. In a diverse sample of adolescents (N = 2,099; M = 16.37, age range: 15–17 years; 58% female), this study used a pretest–posttest design with a double pretest to assess the intervention’s effectiveness. Controlling for test–retest effects, this study found evidence that the intervention decreased intergroup anxiety and increased outgroup perspective-taking—but not that it affected intergroup attitudes, intergroup trust, or perceptions of relative (dis )advantage. These (small) effects were greater for adolescents who had experienced less positive contact before participating and who talked more about group differences while participating. These findings suggest that the intervention might not immediately improve intergroup relations—but that it has the potential to prepare adolescents, especially those with less positive contact experiences before the intervention, for more positive intergroup interactions in the future.

THE MAIN DIRECTIONS OF THE DIGITAL PROFILE CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT. FOREIGN EXPERIENCE AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS

An approach to solving a comlex and urgent problem facing state and near-state agencies has been described: to provide popular modern services to citizens, while reducing operating costs through the use of digital technologies to improve citizen service and develop more effective ways to work. At the moment, this is achievable by developing a unified information base for the provision of public services, based on the creation of a digital citizen profile. A comparative review of international experience in the field of digitalization of the process of interaction between citizens and government structures has been presented. In accordance with the digitalization programs launched in many countries almost simultaneously, many commercial and social projects are being developed. All of them become available when using complex analytical tools for processing Big data and a Unified identification and authentication system.

Helping or intervening? Modes of ordering in public sector digitalization

PurposeThis paper examines how digital reforms affect the relationship between frontline workers and citizens in Danish public sector institutions. Using ethnographic research in two branches of public administration, the study highlights how frontline workers act in accordance with seemingly contradictory modes of ordering. Their acts problematize linear conceptualizations of change that often prevail in digital reforms.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is based on a comparative ethnographic study of frontline workers in the Danish tax and customs administration and municipal citizen service centers. The concept of modes of ordering is used to highlight new tensions that arise as frontline workers adapt to make digital reforms work.FindingsFrontline workers act according to two different modes of ordering based on the separation between helping citizens help themselves and helping citizens directly. National policies and strategies promote the underlying rationale of the first mode but, as this paper shows, this mode is sustained by a second mode, which involves the intervention of professionals when citizens cannot be helped to help themselves.Originality/valueThe paper, which contributes to our understanding of how digitalization is changing public administrations and the relationship between frontline workers and citizens, challenges applying a linear, technocratic focus in discourses on public sector digitalization and highlights the contradictory practices of frontline work. It demonstrates the necessity of going beyond policy narratives and calls for increased attention to how frontline workers adapt to make reforms work.