noninvasive testing
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2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yahang Tan ◽  
Zhe Wang ◽  
Qian Xin ◽  
Na Li ◽  
Fang Liu ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Low-risk individuals are unlikely to benefit from noninvasive testing, and women tend to have a lower prevalence of obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD). This study compared the performance of two current guidelines that differ by sex to assess stable chest pain outpatients, including symptom-based (2016 National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, NICE) and risk-based strategies (2019 European Society of Cardiology, ESC). Methods A total of 542 men and women outpatients referred for coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) at a single-centre were retrospectively included in this study. A risk assessment was calculated for each outpatient according to the NICE and ESC guidelines. Patients were classified into low-risk and high-risk groups according to each strategy. The presence of obstructive coronary artery disease was the endpoint. Net reclassification improvement (NRI) was used to assess the performance of the two strategies. Results The 2016 NICE guidelines classified 29.39% of women and 34.60% of men into the low-risk group. The 2019 ESC guidelines classified 55.56% of women and 28.14% of men into the low-risk group. The 2019 ESC guidelines had a higher predictive value for coronary artery disease compared to the 2016 NICE guidelines, with a positive NRI in men (15.55%) and women (36.59%) respectively. Conclusion The 2019 ESC guidelines offered a more accurate calculation of risk assessment than the 2016 NICE guidelines. Patient sex influenced applying the recent ESC guidelines, which would result in a significant decrease in inappropriate testing of women but an increase in appropriate noninvasive testing of men.


2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (18) ◽  
pp. 3204
Author(s):  
Sara Kristen Sexson Tejtel ◽  
Emy Kuriakose ◽  
Michele Krenek ◽  
Tam Doan ◽  
Brian Snarr ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 2513
Author(s):  
Raminta Zmuidinaite ◽  
Fady I. Sharara ◽  
Ray K. Iles

There have been over 8 million babies born through in vitro fertilization (IVF) and this number continues to grow. There is a global trend to perform elective single embryo transfers, avoiding risks associated with multiple pregnancies. It is therefore important to understand where current research of noninvasive testing for embryos stands, and what are the most promising techniques currently used. Furthermore, it is important to identify the potential to translate research and development into clinically applicable methods that ultimately improve live birth and reduce time to pregnancy. The current focus in the field of human reproductive medicine is to develop a more rapid, quantitative, and noninvasive test. Some of the most promising fields of research for noninvasive assays comprise cell-free DNA analysis, microscopy techniques coupled with artificial intelligence (AI) and omics analysis of the spent blastocyst media. High-throughput proteomics and metabolomics technologies are valuable tools for noninvasive embryo analysis. The biggest advantages of such technology are that it can differentiate between the embryos that appear morphologically identical and has the potential to identify the ploidy status noninvasively prior to transfer in a fresh cycle or before vitrification for a later frozen embryo transfer.


Respiration ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (4) ◽  
pp. 339-346
Author(s):  
Marc B. Feinstein ◽  
Imnett Habtes ◽  
Sergio Giralt ◽  
Diane E. Stover

Background: Pulmonary complications are common among hematologic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients. Their evaluation can be pursued through bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and a variety of available noninvasive studies, which include newer molecular markers for detecting a variety of infectious agents. Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic yield of BAL among HSCT patients relative to the yield of noninvasive testing. Method: This is a retrospective analysis of HSCT recipients who underwent both BAL and noninvasive testing at a cancer center in 2013 and 2014. Results: There were 210 diagnostic results among 98 HSCT recipients. There were 84 unique findings on noninvasive testing that were not evident on BAL, and 36 unique findings on BAL that were not evident on noninvasive testing. Noninvasive testing tended to yield bacterial and viral infections more commonly, while BAL yielded mycobacterial isolates more commonly. Conclusion: While both noninvasive testing and BAL are helpful in this population, each appeared more precise than the other with individual lung diseases. Bronchoscopy with BAL and noninvasive testing should be considered complementary strategies in the workup of pulmonary complications among HSCT patients.


Heart Rhythm ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 1729-1737 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina A. Escudero ◽  
Scott R. Ceresnak ◽  
Kathryn K. Collins ◽  
Robert H. Pass ◽  
Peter F. Aziz ◽  
...  

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (17) ◽  
pp. 4853 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junwei Ma ◽  
Xiaoxu Niu ◽  
Chengren Xiong ◽  
Sha Lu ◽  
Ding Xia ◽  
...  

Cyclic wetting and drying processes have been considered as important factors that accelerate the weathering process and have deteriorative effects on rock properties. In the present study, a fully nondestructive and noninvasive testing approach utilizing micro-CT and ultrasonic wave velocity tests was employed to investigate the microstructure of slate under wetting and drying cycles. We studied variations in the physical properties, including the dry weight and the velocities of P- and S-waves versus the number of wetting and drying cycles. The internal microstructural distributions were visualized and quantified by the 3D reconstruction and hybrid image segmentation of CT images. The degree of deterioration caused by wetting and drying cycles was reflected by exponential decreases of physical properties, including dry weight and velocities of the P- and S-waves. Parameters relating to the microfracture diameter, volume, etc. were quantified. The nondestructive and noninvasive testing approach utilizing micro-CT and ultrasonic wave velocity tests has potential for the detection and visualization of the internal microstructure of rock under wetting and drying cycles.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dayne Filer ◽  
Piotr A Mieczkowski ◽  
Alicia Brandt ◽  
Kelly L Gilmore ◽  
Bradford C Powell ◽  
...  

What's already known about this topic? (1) Sequencing-based noninvasive testing can detect large copy number abnormalities and some autosomal dominant single-gene disorders; (2) Exome sequencing (ES) on fetal samples provides 20% diagnostic yield for structural abnormalities after normal karyotype & microarray. What does this study add? (1) ES on cell-free DNA in three gravid patients with suspected genetic disease in the fetus; (2) We demonstrate broad sequencing approaches are limited by sampling and technical difficulties, concluding broad sequencing is currently inappropriate for noninvasive testing.


2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (12) ◽  
pp. 3719-3725
Author(s):  
Long Le ◽  
Ravina Kullar ◽  
Hussein M. Saleh ◽  
Sammy Saab

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peta Ellen Tehan ◽  
Alex Louise Barwick ◽  
Sarah Louise Casey ◽  
Sean Michael Lanting ◽  
Vivienne Helaine Chuter

Arterial investigations are an essential part of lower extremity wound assessment. The results of these investigations assist the wound clinician to determine the etiology of the wound, predict healing capacity, and inform further management. There are a number of noninvasive testing methods available to practitioners, all with varying levels of reliability and accuracy. Clinical wound assessment guidelines give varied recommendations when it comes to lower limb vascular assessment in the presence of a wound. This leaves clinicians with little guidance on how to choose the most appropriate test, and uncertainty remains about which tests provide the most accurate information in different patient-specific contexts. Conditions such as advanced age, diabetes, and renal disease are known to affect the accuracy of some commonly used lower limb arterial assessment methods, and alternate testing methods should be considered in these cases. This seminal review discusses the reliability and accuracy of lower limb vascular assessment methods used to guide lower limb arterial assessment in the presence of wounds.


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