Symmetrical Drug-related Intertriginous and Flexural Exanthema (Baboon Syndrome)

Baboon syndrome, also called symmetrical drug-related intertriginous and flexural exanthema (SDRIFE), is an erythematous maculopapular rash that presents in skin folds in a symmetrical pattern. This condition may develop after the patient starts a particular agent. Treatment consists of stopping the associated trigger and medicating with topical or systemic corticosteroids. A 30-year-old man with odynophagia, otalgia and fever was prescribed amoxicillin. He developed erythematous and pruriginous lesions in the cubital fossa and inguinal regions. He attended the emergency department (ED) where he was prescribed penicillin. Lesions continued to progressively worsen with a bilateral symmetrical pattern in the axillary region and later in the nape folds, popliteal regions, and on the perineum and buttocks. The patient presented to the ED for a second time, where he was diagnosed with baboon syndrome and prescribed topical steroids with clear improvement.

Polyneuropathy following COVID-19 infection: the rehabilitation approach

A range of neurological manifestations associated with COVID-19 have been reported in the literature, but the pathogenesis of these have yet to be fully explained. The majority of cases of peripheral nervous system disease published thus far have shown a symmetrical pattern. In contrast, we describe the case of a patient with asymmetrical predominantly upper-limb sensorimotor polyneuropathy following COVID-19 infection, likely due to a multifactorial pathological process involving critical illness neuropathy, mechanical injury and inflammatory disease. His presentation, management and recovery contribute to the understanding of this complex condition and informs rehabilitation approaches.

Superresolution characterization of core centriole architecture

The centrosome is the main microtubule-organizing center in animal cells. It comprises of two centrioles and the surrounding pericentriolar material. Protein organization at the outer layer of the centriole and outward has been studied extensively; however, an overall picture of the protein architecture at the centriole core has been missing. Here we report a direct view of Drosophila centriolar proteins at ∼50-nm resolution. This reveals a Sas6 ring at the C-terminus, where it overlaps with the C-terminus of Cep135. The ninefold symmetrical pattern of Cep135 is further conveyed through Ana1–Asterless axes that extend past the microtubule wall from between the blades. Ana3 and Rcd4, whose termini are close to Cep135, are arranged in ninefold symmetry that does not match the above axes. During centriole biogenesis, Ana3 and Rcd4 are sequentially loaded on the newly formed centriole and are required for centriole-to-centrosome conversion through recruiting the Cep135–Ana1–Asterless complex. Together, our results provide a spatiotemporal map of the centriole core and implications of how the structure might be built.

The Linear Equation for 2D Graphs

What is y=mx+c? What is one dimensional? If a thing like fish/bird while in motion in water/air cannot turn left, right and backward. It can only move forward in a medium or fly in air. When I try to determine its motion, I see it as one dimensional. It is not necessary that the bird/fish is moving in a straight line. It is the sheer concentration of the medium the fish /bird is traversing in. So, the behavior of a one dimensional motion maybe a function of the medium with a concentration/penetration quotient of the medium based on the weight of the fish/bird which penetrates the medium and the effect of gravity on it. We can depict a one dimensional motion as, One Dimensional motion=f(weight)* f(penetration quotient)*f(Force exerted by the fish/bird while it is penetrating the medium) What is one dimensional coordinate? We can say that it is a vector (V) which moves in any direction but not necessarily a straight line . If “x” is a one dimensional coordinate value, it is very difficult to find the value of “x” . If suppose the path traversed by “x ” is not a definite symmetrical pattern but an ambiguous pattern like below: Fig 1 Then we do not have a numerical value for “x”. It is not measurable through a scale. We cannot find the value of “x”. In this case the only way “x” can be measured is through a straight line if “x” is moving in one direction only. A question arises whether time is moving in a circular pattern or in a straight line .We measure it as a distance/displacement and we have deemed such a scale of measurement as one dimensional. But I want to measure the quantity the fish/bird had travelled in one minute. We might get some value by defining the area it had traversed in one minute which is a two dimensional quantity.

Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy: a rare cause of falls

This case of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) shows that a patient’s condition can evolve from the point of admission, gradually manifesting its underlying cause. Our patient’s initial presentation of backpain and lower limb weakness prompted investigations which ruled out compressive myelopathy and neuropathy. As upper limb weakness developed later, along with a more proximal and symmetrical pattern of lower limb weakness, the clinical picture suggested polyneuropathy. The diagnosis of CIDP became apparent only after numerous negative tests and nerve conduction studies which identified demyelination. Diagnosing CIDP enabled the commencement of definitive treatment which led to a good recovery.

Local and global color symmetries of a symmetrical pattern

This study addresses the problem of arriving at transitive perfect colorings of a symmetrical pattern {\cal P} consisting of disjoint congruent symmetric motifs. The pattern {\cal P} has local symmetries that are not necessarily contained in its global symmetry group G. The usual approach in color symmetry theory is to arrive at perfect colorings of {\cal P} ignoring local symmetries and considering only elements of G. A framework is presented to systematically arrive at what Roth [Geom. Dedicata (1984), 17, 99–108] defined as a coordinated coloring of {\cal P}, a coloring that is perfect and transitive under G, satisfying the condition that the coloring of a given motif is also perfect and transitive under its symmetry group. Moreover, in the coloring of {\cal P}, the symmetry of {\cal P} that is both a global and local symmetry, effects the same permutation of the colors used to color {\cal P} and the corresponding motif, respectively.

Petroglyphs at Čalmn Varrė: A New Study

Авторами заново документированы петроглифы Чальмн Варрэ на реке Поной на Кольском полуострове, открытые в 1973 г. На памятнике насчитывается 287 фигур, занимающих 10 отдельных валунов. Более половины учтенных фигур относятся к точкам и пятнам разной формы и частично утраченным выбивкам, которые не поддаются определению и интерпретации. При этом нет изображений лодок, ихтиморфов и орнитоморфов. Все фигуры силуэтные. Треть составляют зооморфы в профиль. Из них одна змея , а все остальные относятся к двуногим, трехногим и четырехногим. 18 антропоморфов анфас, 2 следа копыт, 9 геометрических фигур и 6 чашевидных углублений. Среди памятников с небольшим количеством фигур Чальмн Варрэ выделяется большим количеством выраженных композиций: можно насчитать от 9 до 20. Совершенно неожиданным явлением на фоне заметной исключительности Чальмн Варрэ оказывается композиция копуляции собак, которая имеется еще только в Альте. Уникальной является композиция рождения зооморфа женским антропоморфом, как и симметричная композиция вокруг одной из таких сцен. Этот тип композиции имеет аналогии не в наскальном искусстве, а в саамской мифологии. Его можно связать с легендой о человекеолене Мяндаше. The authors re documented the petroglyphs at almn Varr on the Ponoy River in the Kola Peninsula discovered in 1973 (Fig. 1). The site has 287 figures depicted on the surface of 10 randomly lying boulders (Fig. 2). More than half of the recorded figures are represented by dots and spots of various forms as well as partially lost pecked images which are not identifiable and cannot be interpreted (Fig. 3). At the same time the boulders do not feature boats, ichthyomorphs and ornithomorphs. All figures are silhouetted images. Zoomorphs represented in profile account for one third of images. The zoomorph list includes one snake the remainder images on the list are bipeds, tripedals and quadrupeds. Other images include 18 anthropomorphs shown full face, two hoof prints, nine geometrical figures and six cupshaped depressions pecked into the surface. almn Varr stands out from other sites with a small number of figures in having a greater number of well defined compositions: we can count from 9 to 20 (Fig. 4). A composition depicting a copulation of dogs appears to be quite unexpected given that almn Varr is an exceptional site a similar composition is found only in the Altai region. The composition of a female anthropomorph giving birth to a zoomorph is quite unique the same goes for a symmetrical pattern fringing one of these scenes. This type of compositions has analogies in the Saam mythology rather than rock art. It can be linked to a legend about Myandash, a man reindeer.

Taxonomy of the 'Afroeudesis group' of glandulariine ant-like stone beetles (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Scydmaeninae)

Among the currently recognized 71 extant genera of Glandulariini, Afroeudesis Franz shows an unusual distribution, with strikingly similar species known from South America, west and east Africa, and the sub-Himalayan region of Asia. Morphological studies revealed that several species placed in other genera share with Afroeudesis several unique characters, among others a symmetrical pattern of numerous setae on the frons and vertex, not known in any other Glandulariini. This 'Afroeudesis group' is here recognized to be composed of the Neotropical genera Meridaphes Jałoszyński, Stenichnoconnus Franz and Pseudoraphes Franz, the broadly distributed Afroeudesis, and the Neotropical Bicarinulodes gen. n. The last is proposed for a species previously misplaced in Microscydmus Saulcy & Croissandeau, resulting in Bicarinulodes meridensis (Franz) comb. n. Bicarinulodes is most similar to Afroeudesis, but (among other differences) it lacks the apomorphy that is unique for the latter genus, the raised subtriangular 'platform' on the frons and vertex. Stenichnoconnus minor (Franz), comb. n is proposed for Euconnus minor (Franz), originally published as Venezolanoconnus minor Franz. Stenichnoconnus and Pseudoraphes are redefined and redescribed.

The symmetrical pattern of base-pair substitutions rates across the chromosome in Escherichia coli has multiple causes

Mutation accumulation experiments followed by whole-genome sequencing have revealed that for several bacterial species the rate of base-pair substitutions is not constant across the chromosome but varies in a wave-like pattern symmetrical about the origin of replication. The experiments reported here demonstrate that in Escherichia coli several interacting factors determine the wave. Perturbing replication timing, progression, or the structure of the terminus disrupts the pattern. Biases in error-correction by proofreading and mismatch repair are major factors. The activities of the nucleoid binding proteins, HU and Fis, are important, suggesting that mutation rates increase when highly structured DNA is replicated. These factors should apply to most bacterial, and possibly eukaryotic, genomes, and imply that different areas of the genome evolve at different rates.