Scope of Polymer/Graphene Nanocomposite in Defense Relevance

This chapter outlines important aspects and progression from graphene to polymer/graphene nanocomposite to a relevant defense application. Graphene is unique nanocarbon material having a large surface area, high Young's modulus, thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity, and optical transmittance. Engineering thermoplastic polymers have been employed as matrices for graphene reinforcement. Various routes have been employed for graphene-filled polymeric nanomaterials. Intrinsic physical properties of nanocomposite depend on graphene modification and dispersion techniques. Polymer/graphene nanocomposite may have multifunctional characteristics due to synergistic effect of polymer/graphene. The article mainly discusses nanocomposite with potential uses in soldierly applications including flame resistance, ballistic protection, electromagnetic interference shielding, electrostatic-charge dissipation, sensors, corrosion protection, fuel cell, batteries, etc. The gestalt of defense applications of polymer/graphene nanocomposite may offer future perspective to develop promising materials.

Synthesis and characterization of graphene quantum dots

Conventional inorganic semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) have numerous applications ranging from energy harvesting to optoelectronic and bio-sensing devices primarily due to their unique size and shape tunable band-gap and also surface functionalization capability and consequently, have received significant interest in the last few decades. However, the high market cost of these QDs, on the order of thousands of USD/g and toxicity limit their practical utility in many industrial applications. In this context, graphene quantum dot (GQD), a nanocarbon material and a new entrant in the quantum-confined semiconductors could be a promising alternative to the conventional toxic QDs due to its potential tunability in optical and electronic properties and film processing capability for realizing many of the applications. Variation in optical as well as electronic properties as a function of size, shape, doping and functionalization would be discussed with relevant theoretical backgrounds along with available experimental results and limitations. The review deals with various methods available so far towards the synthesis of GQDs along with special emphasis on characterization techniques starting from spectroscopic, optical and microscopic techniques along with their the working principles, and advantages and limitations. Finally, we will comment on the environmental impact and toxicity limitations of these GQDs and their hybrid nanomaterials to facilitate their future prospects. Graphical Abstract: Structure of doped, functionalized and hybrid GQDs

Scope of Polymer/Graphene Nanocomposite in Defense Relevance

This chapter outlines important aspects and progression from graphene to polymer/graphene nanocomposite to a relevant defense application. Graphene is unique nanocarbon material having a large surface area, high Young's modulus, thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity, and optical transmittance. Engineering thermoplastic polymers have been employed as matrices for graphene reinforcement. Various routes have been employed for graphene-filled polymeric nanomaterials. Intrinsic physical properties of nanocomposite depend on graphene modification and dispersion techniques. Polymer/graphene nanocomposite may have multifunctional characteristics due to synergistic effect of polymer/graphene. The article mainly discusses nanocomposite with potential uses in soldierly applications including flame resistance, ballistic protection, electromagnetic interference shielding, electrostatic-charge dissipation, sensors, corrosion protection, fuel cell, batteries, etc. The gestalt of defense applications of polymer/graphene nanocomposite may offer future perspective to develop promising materials.

Defective graphene@diamond hybrid nanocarbon material as an effective and stable metal-free catalyst for acetylene hydrochlorination

The nanodiamond–graphene hybrid material (ND@G) exhibits superior catalytic activity comparable to Au/C catalysts due to abundant surface defects.

Porous g-C3N4 covered MOF-derived nanocarbon materials for high-performance supercapacitors

Here, we report a porous g-C3N4 covered MOF-derived nanocarbon material with large surface area and high nitrogen doping for supercapacitors.

An in situ constructed topological rich vacancy-defect nitrogen-doped nanocarbon as a highly-effective metal-free oxygen catalyst for Li–O2 batteries

Through simple magnesiothermic technology, a topological rich-vacancy-defect nitrogen-doped nanocarbon material was obtained that shows outstanding ORR and OER electrocatalytic properties in a Li–O2 battery.