THE EFFECT OF COVID-19 LOCKDOWN ON BEHAVIOUR IN CHILDREN AGED 6-12 YEARS: A SURVEY

The COVID-19 pandemic massively curtails social interactions and public life.For children educational institutions such as schools were closed and have started teaching online. governments recommend and enforce social distancing, that is, keeping physical distance from others, including friends and family members from different households. Many children are experiencing lack of normal routine, play resulting in psychological distress, leading to changes in their behaviour. Analysing their reactions and emotions is essential and may pave way for professionals like Occupational Therapists to provide appropriate intervention during the ongoing Coronavirus outbreak. A Retrospective Survey design assessed the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on Behaviour among children in a Metropolitan city of India, by using online parent-reported questionnaires. 61.33% of participants belonged to a nuclear family with 46.41% of Survey entrants bearing one child, only. Sibling interaction often noted by parents in 44.33% children along with 68.04% increase in the same, during the COVID-19 induced Lockdown.34.81% parents reported increase in mood changes . 49.17 % reported increased irritability& 62% reported boredom in their children. The observed changes in the behaviour patterns in the current study may precipitate as negative long term emotional & psychological aftermath in children. The data revealed by the Survey may function as an evidence-based gesticulation to Occupational Therapy practitioners to remain armed for further actions amidst the Pandemic. Further, research regarding the long term effect on the Behaviour of children, is recommended especially in the Indian context.

Family Sibling Effect and Executives’ Corporate Social Behavior

Corporate social responsibility is an important business strategy for enterprises. Scholars have conducted much beneficial research on the relationship of executives’ recognitive traits and firms’ CSR behavior, but rarely focus on the impact of executives’ early recognitive traits derived from family sibling interaction. This paper takes Chinese A-shared private listed companies from 2014 to 2017 as the research samples to investigate the effect of the number of executives’ siblings on the early family sibling and corporate social responsibility behavior. We further study the moderating effect of birth order and gender composition in siblings on this relationship. The results show that there is an inversed U-shaped relationship between the number of executives’ siblings and corporate social responsibility behavior. Further research shows that the relationship between the number of executives’ siblings and CSR behavior is strengthened when an executive is first-born or has female sibling(s).

Power and socialization in sibling interaction

This paper analyses socialization processes in the interaction between two Belgian, Dutch-speaking sisters, aged 10 and 8, more specifically with regard to power dynamics and establishing the roles of socialization target and agent. Socialization is collaborative, but usually entails some division of roles, which is intricately linked to power dynamics. Consequently, socialization efforts, and the socialization roles of target and agent, can be discarded or contested as part of these power dynamics. The analysis shows that socialization efforts between the sisters are often accepted, but also regularly contested and resisted. Moreover, the data indicates that roles and goals of some socialization efforts are so unclear that the boundaries between socialization efforts and interactional actions that aim to gain control become blurred. In conclusion, socialization must not only be considered in terms of its learning potential, but also as a power struggle with intricate and complex negotiation dynamics.

Sister talk: Investigating an older sibling’s responses to verbal challenges

Children’s linguistic and social skills develop through play with siblings, but there is little research into sibling interaction using naturally occurring data. This conversation analytic case study presents an evidence-based account of how an older sibling responds to verbal challenges from her younger sibling during free play at home. The older sibling employs prosodic, rhetorical and linguistic devices to deflect challenges while avoiding conflict. She does this by acknowledging the grounds of the challenge, before invoking privileged information or epistemic differences to reject it. Structurally, the older sibling inserts extended digressions which obfuscate challenges by engaging the challenger and switching topic. These phenomena blur the traditional accept/reject response dichotomy. The findings provide insight into the complexity of a 5-/6-year-old’s challenge-defence strategies and highlight the importance of face preservation and mitigation of disagreement. We propose that the ability to respond to challenges while maintaining intersubjectivity is a component of communicative competence.

Sibling Interaction and Symbolic Capital: Toward a Theory of Political Micro-economy

Older siblings play a role in their younger siblings’ language socialization by ratifying or rejecting linguistic behavior. In addition, older siblings may engage in a struggle to maintain their dominant position in the family hierarchy. This struggle is seen through the lens of language and political economy as a struggle for symbolic capital. Bilingual adolescent sibling interactions are analyzed as expressions both of identity and of symbolic power. This paper draws a theory of political micro-economy, which relates face-to-face interaction to larger structures of political economy through a process of fractal recursivity.