Set-Valued Uncertain Process: Definition and Some Properties

Some phenomena are developing over time, while they are uncertain sets at each moment. From an uncertain set, we mean an unsharp concept, such as “illness” and “recovery”, that is not exactly clear, even for an expert. The values of a parameter that are considered “recovery” would guide one to explain the underlying concept quantitatively. For instance, in recovering from some disease, different levels of health might be assumed. Particularly, at each specific time moment, being healthy to some degree would be measured by belonging parameter values to a set of numbers with a specific belief degree. This set might be extracted using imprecisely observed data, while an expert opinion completely expresses the belief degree. Such concepts would direct one to employ uncertainty theory as a strong axiomatic mathematical framework for modeling human reasoning. Another important feature of these sets is their variation over time. For instance, the set defining “recovery” at the beginning stage of recovery in a disease would be completely or partially different from that at other stages. These characteristics result in considering a sequence of evolving sets over time. Analyzing the behavior of such a sequence motivated us to define the set-valued uncertain process. This concept is a combination of uncertain set, uncertain process, and uncertain sequence. Here, we introduce the main concept. Some properties are extracted and clarified, along with some illustrative examples.

A smart objects library for BIM-based construction site and emergency management to support mobile VR safety training experiences

Purpose Health and safety training via immersive virtual reality (VR) in the construction sector is still limited to few early adopters despite the benefits it could provide in terms of training effectiveness. To foster its adoption, in this work, the authors address the lack of an organized asset of digital contents dedicated to the production of VR site scenarios that emerged as one of the most limiting factors for the implementation of building information modeling (BIM) and VR for construction workers’ safety training. To improve this critically time-consuming process, a dedicated site object library is proposed. Design/methodology/approach The development of the site object library for the production of BIM-based VR safety training experiences followed a four-step process: definition of the object list and categories from the analysis of heterogeneous knowledge sources – construction sectors’ regulations, case studies and site scenarios’ imagery; definition of the object requirements (e.g. information, graphics, sounds, animations and more); design of an object information sheet as a library implementation support tool; and library implementation and validation via collaborative VR sessions. Findings This work provides the definition of a structured library of construction site objects dedicated to the production of VR scenarios for safety training comprising 168 items, implemented and validated. Originality/value The research contributes to facilitate and standardize the time-consuming contents’ production and modeling process of site scenarios for VR safety training, addressing the lack of a dedicated site object library. Furthermore, the novel library framework could serve as a base for future extensions dedicated to other applications of VR site simulations (e.g. constructability analysis).

Federated Learning: A Distributed Shared Machine Learning Method

Federated learning (FL) is a distributed machine learning (ML) framework. In FL, multiple clients collaborate to solve traditional distributed ML problems under the coordination of the central server without sharing their local private data with others. This paper mainly sorts out FLs based on machine learning and deep learning. First of all, this paper introduces the development process, definition, architecture, and classification of FL and explains the concept of FL by comparing it with traditional distributed learning. Then, it describes typical problems of FL that need to be solved. On the basis of classical FL algorithms, several federated machine learning algorithms are briefly introduced, with emphasis on deep learning and classification and comparisons of those algorithms are carried out. Finally, this paper discusses possible future developments of FL based on deep learning.

PENGUKURAN MATURITY LEVEL COBIT 5 DAN DOMAIN DSS (DELIVER, SERVICE, AND SUPPORT) PADA REGULASI SANDBOX OJK KLASTER AGGREGATOR

Dengan berkembangnya internet dan fintech yang begitu cepat, masyarakat memiliki permasalahan dalam pengambilan keputusan untuk pemilihan layanan atau produk fintech yang tepat karena saat ini banyak layanan yang sama ditawarkan dengan berbagai aplikasi atau web service. Dengan demikian maka muncul layanan Inovasi Keuangan Digital (IKD) klaster aggregator pada Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK) untuk dijadikan solusi bagi pengguna dalam permasalahan untuk pengambilan keputusan yang lebih cepat dan tepat dengan melakukan site/application comparasion untuk pemilihan layanan yang diinginkan. Penelitian ini berfokus pada IKD klaster aggregator karena sektor fintech ini paling banyak diminati masyarakat terkait manfaat yang ditawarkan. Regulasi Sandbox merupakan ruang uji coba untuk menilai keandalan proses bisnis, model bisnis, instrumen keuangan, dan tata kelola penyelenggara khususnya di bidang inovasi keuangan digital termasuk IKD klaster aggregator. Agar produk finansial memiliki kepastian status dalam menjalankan usahanya, maka harus mengikuti tahapan pengujian Regulasi Sandbox sehingga OJK sebagai lembaga pengawasan finansial dapat memberikan perlindungan bagi konsumen. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan teknik pengambilan data wawancara. Hasil penelitian dianalisis menggunakan Maturity Level COBIT 5 dengan domain yang dipilih DSS (deliver, service, support) pada subdomain manage problem dan manage business process control. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa klaster aggregator berdasarkan sampel yang dipilih telah sesuai dalam melaksanakan Regulasi Sandbox berdasarkan 5 tahapan. Hasil maturity level tahap pendalaman sebesar 4.2, tahap pengujian skenario sebesar 3, tahap pengujian dan percobaan sebesar 3.3, tahap perbaikan 3.2 serta tahap penilaian 2.9. Hasil maturity level domain manage problem sebesar 3.8 (4) artinya telah masuk dalam level predictable dimana prosesnya telah memenuhi atribut process measurement dan process control sedangkan domain manage business process control sebesar 3.3 (3) artinya telah masuk dalam level established dimana prosesnya telah memenuhi atribut process definition dan process deployment. Kata kunci— Regulasi Sandbox, Aggregator, Klaster, Fintech, Maturity Level

Audit Sistem Keamanan TI Menggunakan Domain DSS05 Pada Framework COBIT 5 (Studi Kasus: Diskominfo Kabupaten Karawang)

Abstrak—Keamanan informasi pada era digital sangat penting, sehingga menjadi masalah penting bagi perusahaan, organisasi, serta lembaga pemerintahan. Dinas Komunikasi serta Informatika Kabupaten Karawang didirikan berdasarkan Peraturan Daerah No.14 pada Tahun 2016 mengenai Pembentukan serta Susunan Perangkat Daerah Kabupaten Karawang. Pemanfaatan teknologi informasi sudah diterapkan dalam sistem keamanan informasi pemerintah Kabupaten Karawang. namun dalam mewujudkan hal itu, belum sepenuhnya berhasil dalam pengambilan nilai serta manfaatnya. Riset ini mempunyai tujuan untuk melakukan evaluasi keamanan sistem informasi yang telah diimplementasikan pada institusi untuk menilai level kapabilitas menggunakan domain DSS05 pada COBIT 5. Metode yang dipakai yaitu Assesment Process Activities COBIT 5 antara lain Initiation Programme, Define Problems and Opportunities, Data Collection, Data Validation serta Process Atribut Level. Hasil riset ini didapatkan nilai kapabilitas 3,4 (as is) serta 4.1 (to be) maka proses yang telah diimplementasikan secara garis besar tercapai. Pada domain DSS05 mendapatkan capaian sebesar 92% berarti pada proses atribut 3.1 process definition tercapai penuh, sehingga penilaian dapat dilanjutkan ke level berikutnya yaitu (PA) 3.2 Process Deployment.Abstract—Information security in the digital era is very important, so it becomes a critical problem for enterprise, organizations and governments. The Communication and Informatics Office of Karawang Regency was formed based on Peraturan Daerah No. 14 of 2016 concerning the Formation and Composition of the Karawang Regency Regional Apparatus. Information technology is already implememted in the information security system of the Karawang Regency government. However, in realizing this, the value and benefits have not been fully succeeded. This study aims to evaluate the security of information systems that have been implemented in institutions to assess Capability Level using the DSS05 domain at COBIT 5. The method used is the Assessment Process Activities of COBIT 5, including Initiation Program, Define Problems and Opportunities, Data Collection, Data Validation and Process Attribute Level. The results of this study obtained the capability value of 3,4 (as is) and 4.1 (to be) of the two values, so the process that has been implemented in outline is achieved. In the DSS05 domain, the achievement was 92%, meaning that the 3.1 process definition attribute process was fully achieved, so that the assessment could be continued to the next level, namely (PA) 3.2 Process Deployment.

Concept and Implementation of Data Usage Proposal Process Based on International Standards in SMITH

Accessing secondary-use healthcare data in Germany requires contracting with each organization that acts as a data provider. The SMITH Service Platform offers a central access point for scientists, facilitating contracting as part of an integrated data use and access process with several Data Integration Centers (DIC) at once. Process support is realized by a central Business Process Engine (BPE), which manages process definition and process control, combined with a central IHE infrastructure. The use of IHE XDS and IHE XDW profiles enables the exchange of process instance information with multiple distributed visualization and user interaction tools for provided user tasks based on international standards. User task information include structured forms for submitting instructions and results as task input and output for the users, and are synchronized between the shared process instance and the BPE. A reference user interface is also provided with the SMITH Marketplace. In the future, further standardization efforts regarding the structured forms and the use of the IHE XDW profile should be pursued.

Hacia una evaluación de programas académicos de informática, computación y tecnologías de información, aplicando un enfoque de mejora continua de procesos

Actualmente, el Consejo Nacional de Acreditación en Informática y Computación A.C. (CONAIC), entre otras actividades, realiza procesos de evaluación con fines de acreditación a programas del área de Informática, Computación y Tecnologías de la Información. CONAIC otorga, como resultado de sus evaluaciones, la acreditación o no acreditación de las Institucionesevaluadas. En este artículo, se propone una forma alternativa de implementar y evaluar las Categorías (Procesos) definidas por CONAIC, para ello, se toman como base diferentes estándares nacionales e internacionales de definición, implementación y evaluación de procesos. En este sentido y bajo un enfoque de mejora continua de procesos, se propone el uso de 5 niveles de madurez para CONAIC, para el nivel 1 se muestra un ejemplo de implementación y evaluación de productos de trabajo y prácticas base que demuestren el cumplimiento o no cumplimento de este nivel de madurez. Currently, the National Council of Accreditation in Informatics and Computing A.C. (known as CONAIC in Spanish), amongst other activities, implements evaluation processes that aim to accredit informatics, computer science and information technology programs. After evaluating an institution, CONAIC can grant or refuse accreditation to the institution depending on the results of its evaluations. In this article, an alternative form of implementing and evaluating the categories (processes) defined by CONAIC isproposed which is based on different national and international standards of process definition, implementation and evaluation. In that sense and with a focus on continuous process improvement, it is proposed that CONAIC uses 5 levels of maturity. For the first level, an example is shown of the implementation and evaluation of work outcomes and basic practices that demonstrate the compliance or non-compliance with that level of maturity.

BIM2CAFM – Prozessdefinition zur Informationsüberführung auf Basis von Information Delivery Manuals/BIM2CAFM – Process Definition for Information Transfer based on Information Delivery Manuals

Die Arbeitsmethodik BIM ermöglicht Informationen, die bereits in der Planungsphase erfasst werden, durch einen konsistenten Informationsfluss in der Betriebsphase nutzbar zu machen. Aufgrund der dynamischen Randbedingungen eines Bauprojekts sowie der hohen Anzahl an beteiligten Akteuren und den daraus resultierenden vielseitigen Anforderungen besteht jedoch bisher nur eine geringe Akzeptanz für ein durchgängiges Informationsmanagement. Weiterhin kommt es aufgrund einer umfangreichen, proprietären Softwarelandschaft und der oftmals nicht ausreichenden Strukturierung von Informationsliefergegenständen und -zeitpunkten zu Informationsverlusten bei der Datenüberführung. Um dieser Ineffizienz entgegen zu wirken, wird in diesem Beitrag ein Prozess auf Basis von Information Delivery Manuals vorgestellt, der zur direkten Übernahme der Daten in entsprechende CAFM-Systeme dient. Ziel dieses Prozesses ist es, Informationen in einem digitalen Gebäudemodell so zu strukturieren, dass diese über das offene Austauschformat IFC möglichst verlustfrei in ein CAFM-System überführt werden können. Die konsequente und standardisierte Objektklassifikation sowie eine einheitliche Verwendung von Begrifflichkeiten im Kontext der beschreibenden Merkmale der entsprechenden Entitäten wird hierbei als grundlegende Voraussetzung angesehen.

Restaurant consumer satisfaction research as a basis for ensuring rational consumption patterns

The article is devoted to the study of the degree of satisfaction of consumers of a public catering enterprise as the basis for ensuring rational consumption patterns at the present stage of economic sustainability development and the most important criterion of the company’s performance in order to obtain long-term profit. Customer satisfaction research is one of the main directions in marketing. The provision of rational consumption patterns, according to the authors, in line with the assessment of consumer satisfaction is influenced by many factors such as the environment, consumer behavior patterns, the quality of food and service, the atmosphere, and the company’s image. The main methods we use in assessing satisfaction are SERVQUAL, NPS, and CSI. The CSI index assesses the level of customer satisfaction immediately after interacting with the company. It is based on identifying product properties that are important to the consumer. NPS is one of the best tools for determining the effectiveness of a company in determining the degree of customer loyalty. The concept of “SERVQUAL” reflects in detail the peculiarities of customer perception of service services, allows them to come to an understanding of the standard that will be most in demand among customers.To describe the “Customer Satisfaction” process, the authors used a process passport, which contains the following elements: process name, process definition, process goal, process inputs / outputs, process consumers, process resources, process performance indicators and their criteria, methods of measuring indicators.From the analysis of CSI data obtained from clients, conclusions are drawn about the most important indicators. In this case, it is the quality of the food, the atmosphere, the level of service. Based on the study, recommendations have been developed aimed at increasing the degree of consumer satisfaction and increasing the competitiveness of the catering enterprise.