Cell Biology in Rheumatoid Arthritis

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disease, which affects about 0.33 to 2.65% of the population. In RA Synovium contain various type of immune cell. In which only one cell population cannot cause rheumatoid arthritis that requires more than one cell population. In normal condition, they act as a switch (active or inactive the cell signaling). It controls cell growth, proliferation or metastasizes. In an autoimmune disorder such as rheumatoid arthritis, the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the body's cells and tissues. Mostly cells are present in limited numbers in normal human synovium, but in rheumatoid arthritis and other inflammatory joint diseases, this population can expand to constitute 5-20% or more of all synovial cells. Recent investigations in a murine model have demonstrated that cells can have a critical role in the generation of inflammation within the joint. Keyword: Cell Biology in rheumatic arthritis; Dendrite cell; T-cell; Mast cell; Fibroblastic cell; Macrophages cell.

AN IMPROVED ARTIFICIAL DENDRITE CELL ALGORITHM FOR ABNORMAL SIGNAL DETECTION

In dendrite cell algorithm (DCA), the abnormality of a data point is determined by comparing the multi-context antigen value (MCAV) with anomaly threshold. The limitation of the existing threshold is that the value needs to be determined before mining based on previous information and the existing MCAV is inefficient when exposed to extreme values. This causes the DCA fails to detect new data points if the pattern has distinct behavior from previous information and affects detection accuracy. This paper proposed an improved anomaly threshold solution for DCA using the statistical cumulative sum (CUSUM) with the aim to improve its detection capability. In the proposed approach, the MCAV were normalized with upper CUSUM and the new anomaly threshold was calculated during run time by considering the acceptance value and min MCAV. From the experiments towards 12 benchmark and two outbreak datasets, the improved DCA is proven to have a better detection result than its previous version in terms of sensitivity, specificity, false detection rate and accuracy.

Segregation in Single-Crystal Nickel-Base Superalloys

The effect and the ways of removal of the segregation of alloying elements within the dendrite cell in single-crystal nickel-base superalloys are discussed. The peculiar features of Re and Ru behavior are underlined.