Desain Intensitas Penerangan dengan Tipe Jenis Lampu untuk Kegitan Praktikum di Laboratorium Mesin Listrik dan Pengukuran

Lighting planning in a laboratory room is one of the factors in designing to produce good and energy efficient lighting. To carry out all activities in the room of a laboratory, sufficient lighting intensity is needed, so that it can be carried out optimally, especially with regard to practicum work carried out in the laboratory for the benefit of the learning process. In terms of quality, lighting in a room is in the form of strong lighting or illumination level. The purpose of this research is to design, identify and evaluate the recommended lighting intensity / quality with the lighting standards from the existing lamp data installed in the electrical and measurement laboratory. The results of the measurement research for the Electrical Machinery and Measurement Laboratory obtained that the average light intensity for the work point of the practicum table is 127 lux, so that the light intensity is still low according to the SNI 16 - 7062 - 2004 standard with a measuring point of even lighting distribution obtained by 137 lux. If the light intensity of a laboratory is not fulfilled, it will result in inconvenience for students in carrying out the measurement practice, especially for practicum electrical circuits by calculating the value of the ring resistor. For this reason, the intensity of lighting in the laboratory room must be designed to meet the recommended lighting standards for a laboratory, namely 300 lux, namely by adding the number of 8 points of TL Philips Lifemark 36W / 54-765 lamps,or 8 points of 25 W / 2600 lumens LED lamps, or 6 Philips CLF 55 W / 3465 lumen type light point.

Measuring the Effects of Temperature on Optical Propagation in Heated Tissues Using Point Radiance Spectroscopy

Laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) is a minimally invasive therapy in which light is delivered using optical fibers inserted into tissue to treat malignant tumours. Heating tissue above 55°C causes tissue coagulation, creating non-viable tissue. Previous work has demonstrated that radiance measurements are sensitive to heat-induced changes in tissue optical properties. This study investigates the use of radiance measurements to differentiate permanent temperature-induced changes in optical propagation, which reflect thermal damage, from any transient changes in optical propagation. Experiments in water using our white-light point radiance spectroscopy (PRS) technique demonstrate that PRS is sensitive to detect optical absorption and temperature-dependence in the optical absorption of water, and a change in the acceptance cone with temperature. Experimental results using PRS in heated ex vivo porcine tissue show that the optical signal mainly represents permanent thermal damage and only a small part of the signal represent a temperature-dependent change due to water.

Measuring the Effects of Temperature on Optical Propagation in Heated Tissues Using Point Radiance Spectroscopy

Laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) is a minimally invasive therapy in which light is delivered using optical fibers inserted into tissue to treat malignant tumours. Heating tissue above 55°C causes tissue coagulation, creating non-viable tissue. Previous work has demonstrated that radiance measurements are sensitive to heat-induced changes in tissue optical properties. This study investigates the use of radiance measurements to differentiate permanent temperature-induced changes in optical propagation, which reflect thermal damage, from any transient changes in optical propagation. Experiments in water using our white-light point radiance spectroscopy (PRS) technique demonstrate that PRS is sensitive to detect optical absorption and temperature-dependence in the optical absorption of water, and a change in the acceptance cone with temperature. Experimental results using PRS in heated ex vivo porcine tissue show that the optical signal mainly represents permanent thermal damage and only a small part of the signal represent a temperature-dependent change due to water.

Adjustment of Lighting Parameters from Photopic to Mesopic Values in Outdoor Lighting Installations Strategy and Associated Evaluation of Variation in Energy Needs

The sensitivity of the human eye varies with the different lighting conditions to which it is exposed. The cone photoreceptors perceive the color and work for illuminance conditions greater than 3.00 cd/m² (photopic vision). Below 0.01 cd/m², the rods are the cells that assume this function (scotopic vision). Both types of photoreceptors work coordinately in the interval between these values (mesopic vision). Each mechanism generates a different spectral sensibility. In this work, the emission spectra of common sources in present public lighting installations are analyzed and their normative photopic values translated to the corresponding mesopic condition, which more faithfully represents the vision mechanism of our eyes in these conditions. Based on a common street urban configuration (ME6), we generated a large set of simulations to determine the ideal light point setup configuration (luminance and light point height vs. poles distance ratio) for each case of spectrum source. Finally, we analyze the derived energy variation from each design possibility. The results obtained may contribute to improving the criterion of light source selection and adapting the required regulatory values to the human eye vision process under normalized artificial street lighting condition, reaching an average energy saving of 15% and a reduction of 8% in terms of points of light required. They also offer a statistical range of energy requirements for lighting installation that can be used to generate accurate electrical designs or estimations without the necessity of defining the exact lighting configuration, which is 77.5% lower than conventional design criteria.

EFEKTIVITAS PENCAHAYAAN PADA RUANG BACA DAN RUANG PERKULIAHAN DI GEDUNG BUNG HATTA PROGRAM PASCASARJANA UNJ MENGGUNAKAN SOFTWARE DIALUX EVO 8.2

This research aims to produce of illumination the appropriate lighting in the reading room and lecture room. Because sometimes in the construction of a building, there are still many techicians who have not followed the rules that have been set for appropriate illumination lighting in the reading room and lecture rooms. In this research using a quantitative approach with a descriptive engineering method engineering by utilizing three phases i.e manual measurement, manual calculations and simulated of Dialux Evo 8.2. The manual measurement uses Luxmeter as a measurement to get the value of the measured illumination in the reading room and lecture rooms based on the Standar. The manual calculation uses the calculation method according to SNI. The simulation uses Dialux Evo 8.2 software to optimize the value of the lighting which should be used in the reading room and lecture rooms. The results showed that illumination values were produced in the reading room and the lecture rooms still did not meet the specified Standars. Research do 3 design scenario improvements. The first scenario in the reading room and the lecture room was obtained average optimization percentage of 72% and 57% in the second scenario obtained the optimization percentage 20% s/d 88%, in the third scenario of the light point added, changing the lamp and changing the wall character obtained an optimization percentage of 23% s/d 89%. It can be concluded that the scenario of two is done to Linux obtained some illumination results that conform to the Standars set in the reading room and the lecture room and the value of the deviation generated between the room that is not exposed to sunlight and the room that is exposed the sunlight has a nearby deviation. Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan kuat penerangan yang sesuai pada ruang baca dan ruang perkuliahan. Karena terkadang dalam pembangunan sebuah gedung, masih banyak beberapa teknisi yang belum mengikuti aturan yang telah ditetapkan untuk penerangan yang sesuai pada ruang baca dan ruang perkuliahan. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode deskriptif rekayasa Teknik dengan memanfaatkan tiga fase yaitu pengukuran manual, perhitungan manual dan simulasi Dialux Evo 8.2. Pengukuran manual menggunakan Luxmeter sebagai alat ukur untuk mendapatkan nilai kuat penerangan yang terukur pada ruang baca dan ruang perkuliahan berdasarkan Standar. Perhitungan manual menggunakan cara perhitungan menurut SNI. Simulasi menggunakan Software Dialux Evo 8.2 untuk mengoptimalkan nilai kuat penerangan yang seharusnya digunakan pada ruang baca dan ruang perkuliahan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai kuat penerangan yang dihasilkan pada ruang baca dan ruang perkuliahan masih belum memenuhi standar yang ditentukan. Peneliti melakukan 3 skenario desain perbaikan. Desain perbaikan skenario pertama pada ruang baca dan ruang perkuliahan diperoleh rata-rata presentase optimalisasi 72% dan 57%, pada skenario kedua diperoleh presentase optimalisasi 20% s/d 88%, pada skenario ketiga titak lampu ditambah, merubah lampu dan merubah karakter dinding diperoleh presentase optimalisasi sebesar 23% s/d 89%. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa skenario dua yang dilakukan untuk pengoptimalisasian didapatkan beberapa hasil kuat penerangan yang sesuai dengan standar yang telah ditetapkan pada ruang baca dan ruang perkuliahan dan nilai simpangan yang dihasilkan antara ruangan yang tidak terkena cahaya matahari dan ruangan yang terkena cahaya matahari memiliki simpangan yang tidak jauh.

Computational Ghost Imaging Based on Light Source Formed by Coprime Array

In computational ghost imaging, a spatial light modulator (SLM) can be used to modulate the light field. The relative locations and the number of light point pixels on an SLM affect the imaging quality. Usually, SLMs are two-dimensional arrays which are drawn uniformly or are randomly sparse. However, the patterns formed by a uniform array are periodic when the number of light point pixels is small, and the images formed by a random sparse array suffer from large background noise. In this paper, we introduce a coprime array based on the Eisenstein integer to optimize the light point pixel arrangement. A coprime array is widely used as a microwave radar receiving array, but less implemented in optics. This is the first time that a coprime array based on Eisenstein integer has been introduced in computational ghost imaging. A coprime array with this structure enhances the imaging quality when limited measurements are recorded, and it reduces background noise and avoids periodicity. All results are verified by numerical simulation.

A Physics Based Novel Approach for Travelling Tournament Problem: Optics Inspired Optimization

Computational intelligence search and optimization algorithms have been efficiently adopted and used for many types of complex problems. Optics Inspired Optimization (OIO) is one of the most recent physics inspired computational intelligence methods which treats the search space of the problem to be optimized as a wavy mirror in which each peak is assumed to reflect as a convex mirror and each valley to reflect as a concave one. Each candidate solution is treated as an artificial light point that its glittered ray is reflected back by the search space of the problem and the artificial image is formed based on mirror equations adopted from Optics, as a new candidate solution. In this study, OIO for the first time has been designed as solution search strategy for travelling tournament problem which is one of the current sports problems and aids to minimize transportation and total movement of teams. Furthermore, this problem has been firstly solved by League Championship Algorithm and obtained results from both synthetic and real datasets have been compared in this study for the first time. Obtained results show the superiority of OIO which is a novel algorithm and seems to efficiently solve many complex problems.

Introduction

This introductory chapter provides an overview of the book, which deals with the plaid model. The plaid model is a rule for assigning a square tiling of the plane to each parameter A = p/q ɛ (0, 1) with pq even. Such parameters are called even rational. Based on the parameter A, even integers are assigned to the lines of the usual infinite grid of integer-spaced vertical and horizontal lines. These integers are called capacities. At the same time, a second grid of slanting lines is defined and odd integers are assigned to these lines. These odd integers are called masses. Then, a light point is placed at every intersection of the form σ‎ ∩ τ‎ where σ‎ is a slanting line, τ‎ is a horizontal or vertical line, and the mass of σ‎ has the same sign as the capacity of τ‎ and smaller absolute value.