Strain NIBR12T (=KACC 22094T=HAMBI 3739T), a novel Gram-stain-negative, obligate aerobic, non-spore-forming, non-motile and coccobacillus-shaped bacterium, was isolated from a cyanobacterial sample culture (Microcysitis aeruginosa NIBRCYC000000452). The newly identified bacterial strain grew optimally in modified Reasoner's 2A medium under the following conditions: 0 % (w/v) NaCl, pH 7.5 and 35 °C. Phylogenetic analysis using the 16S rRNA gene sequence confirmed that strain NIBR12T belongs to the genus
Roseococcus
, with its closest neighbours being
Roseococcus suduntuyensis
SHETT (98.8%),
Roseococcus thiosulfatophilus
RB-3T (97.7%), “Sediminicoccus rosea” R-30T (95.7 %) and
Rubritepida flocculans
H-8T (95.0 %). Genomic comparison of strain NIBR12T with type species in the genus
Roseococcus
was conducted using digital DNA–DNA hybridization, average nucleotide identity and average amino acid identity analyses, resulting in values of ≤53.7, ≤93.7 and ≤96.1 %, respectively. The genomic DNA G+C content of strain NIBR12T was 70.9 mol%. The major fatty acids of strain NIBR12T were summed feature 8 (C18 : 1
ω7c and/or C18:1
ω6c) and summed feature 3 (C16 : 1
ω6c/C16 : 1
ω7c). Q-9 was its major respiratory quinone. Moreover, the major polar lipids of strain NIBR12T were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine. Based on our chemotaxonomic, genotypic and phenotype analyses, strain NIBR12T is identified as represeting a novel species of the genus
Roseococcus
, for which the name Roseococcus microcysteis sp. nov. is proposed.