Reliability Assessment and Validation of the Skin Hyperpigmentation Index Compared to the Physician Global Assessment Score

<b><i>Background:</i></b> The skin hyperpigmentation index (SHI), a new objective method for measuring skin hyperpigmentation, needs validation. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> To gain evidence of the reliability and validity of the SHI. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Fifteen raters were divided into 3 groups (5 dermatologists, 5 nondermatologist physicians, and 5 nonphysician clinicians). Each rated 5 pigmented mole lesions with mild-to-severe hyperpigmentation to determine intra- and interrater reliability. All raters photographed the lesions and rated them using the subjective Physician Global Assessment (PGA) score. The same photographs were then assessed based on automatic computer measurement software using the online SHI tool (https://shi.skinimageanalysis.com). <b><i>Results:</i></b> The SHI reliability was excellent for all intra- and interrater assessments, while most PGA assessments showed good intra- and interrater agreement. Between-group reliability was excellent for SHI, while moderate-to-good for PGA evaluations. Concordance between the SHI and PGA assessments was strong across all groups of assessors. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> There is evidence that the SHI is a reliable instrument for measuring skin hyperpigmentation, and can be used by nonexperienced clinicians.

Computer measurement of the friction of thin metal structure created in PVD technology on the flexible substrate

The paper presents the results of research study on the phenomenon of friction of thin film electroconductive structure created on composite flexible substrate and results of measurement of the friction coefficient. Tribological tests were performed on T-01M tribotester. The measurement tests were conducted according to ASTM G133 standard with a minimum force of 1N. A ball-on-disc friction combination was used. The study was conducted at a fixed temperature of 28 ° C. Due to the nature of the tested samples, non-standard test parameters were used: test time 100 s, data acquisition frequency 10 Hz, slip velocity of the friction node 0.3 m/s on a radius of 11 mm. Based on the obtained results, the friction coefficient of the thin metallic layer Ag and Cu was determined. The obtained mean friction coefficient for a silver layer was 0.59, while for a thin copper layer 0.67. The knowledge of the determined coefficients will allow for effective and optimal use of the textronics materials tested in practical applications. The research methodology does not support determining the usage of the ball-on-disc pair.

Computer measurement of ampacity of thin layers made on textile composite substrate

Technology of creating electrical and electronic systems on flexible substrates, with special emphasis on textile substrates, is one of the most important areas in the field of developing textronics, which is applicable in protective clothes. Resistance and ampacity are the key parameters of electrically conductive thin layers formed on such substrates. Authors of this paper present the results of research related to creation of thin-layered, electrically conductive structures on substrates using a vacuum technology of layer application and assess the scope of their usefulness. Measurement of averaged surface temperature and thermal energy emitted at the surface of the structure will be the subject to metrological evaluation. The authors present developed method with Peltier cells used for measuring the average temperature and emitted heat to evaluate these parameters. The described method allows measurement of average values by matching the dimensions of the cell to the surface. The proposed method avoids possible temperature gradient around the point of measure which occurs in contact methods. The test results also pertain to the determination of the resistance of the test surfaces using a balance of generated thermal power which allows evaluation of the process of creating layers.

Análise praxeológica de livros didáticos de matemática: o caso dos números binários Praxeological analysis of a mathematics textbooks: the case of binary numbers

Objetiva analisar as organizações praxeológicas matemática e didática referente ao estudo de números binários em uma coleção de livros didáticos de matemática do Ensino Fundamental. Primeiro se faz uma análise praxeológica matemática. Em seguida se analisa as organizações praxeológicas didáticas recorrendo aos critérios de avaliação praxeológica de Yves Chevallard. Não identifica estudo de sistema de numeração binário, mas sim o emprego do sistema numérico decimal nas unidades de medida da informática. Conclui que a coleção analisada caracteriza-se como uma praxeologia local. Identifica 6 tipos de tarefas, uma técnica implícita, uma única tecnologia e nenhuma teoria no volume 7 e 3 tipos de tarefas, uma técnica implícita, nenhuma tecnologia e nenhuma teoria no volume 8. This research aims to analyze the mathematical praxeological and didactic praxeological organizations referring to the study of binary numbers in a collection of mathematics textbook suited for the final years of elementary school. First it makes a praxeological mathematical analysis. Then it analyzes the didactic praxeological organizations and finally, it defines evaluation criteria and praxeological mathematics teaching. It does not identify binary numbering system of study, but the use of the decimal number system in computer measurement units. It concludes that the analyzed collection is characterized as a local praxeology. It identifies 6 types of tasks, an implicit technique, a unique technology and any theory in Volume 7 and 3 types of tasks, an implicit technique, no technology and any theory in volume 8.

Study on Application of Expert Systems in PID Thermostatic Control

Environmental parameter control is a common case in the technique of computer measurement and control, which has been widely applied to the practice of industrial and agricultural production. PID refers to one of the algorithms commonly used in temperature control, while the setting of PID parameters is the key to the algorithm. As one of the most successful branches in artificial intelligence technology application, expert system can simulate the thinking process of human experts by making use of the experience and expertise accumulated by experts for years, so as to resolve difficult problems that can only be settled by experts. An application scheme of expert system to PID thermostatic control is proposed by this paper for the purpose of making thermostatic control more convenient and intelligent.

Application of the OPC Technology in the No-Load Test Platform of the Metro Bogie

The generation of the OPC technology makes each data source communicate flexibly in the industrial control environment. This paper takes the no-load test platform of the metro bogie as an example to design a lower and upper computer measurement and control system which is consist of IPC and PLC by the OPC technology. The OPC client is developed based on the platform of Visual Basic. By using the different communication mode, it is realized to access the OPC server data.

Research on High-Tech Transfer Monitoring Ontology

Sustainable development is a meaningful indicator for high-tech transfer. High-tech transfer monitoring is an effectual measure for high-tech transfer evaluation. This paper takes high-tech transfer projects as a data source, considers the key words and new words extracted by NLPIR from the projects, and proposes a high-tech word similarity calculating method based on morphological similarity, word length similarity and individual character similarity. Applied this method onto high-tech word similarity measurement, and acquires high-tech word similarity matrixes. Cluster based on this high-tech word similarity matrix. Construct high-tech ontology, according to cluster result. Extract the corresponding high-tech monitoring indicators and values of high-tech ontology through Regex. Finally construct high-tech transfer monitoring ontology, and monitor the sustainable development of high-tech transfer. Formulating high-tech word similarity computing software achieves high-tech word similarity computer measurement and verifies the feasibility and accuracy of this computing model.