Cellulose Acetate Textile Fiber Filtration System Applied for Pre-Treatment of Surface Water

This study aimed to evaluate a nonwoven (NW) production and performance from cellulose acetate fiber from cigarette butts andapplied to a filtration system for surface water pre-treatment. The system had a surface area of 692 cm³, cellulose acetate from cigarette butt as filter media, was used and was fed with surface water from a pond. In order to evaluate the treatment performance of the filtration system were evaluated in the raw water (RW) and the filtered water (FW) the classical parameter of water quality as turbidity, total suspended solids (TSS), apparent color, true color, and total organic carbon (TOC) and heavy metals (iron, copper, and cadmium). Moreover, the presence of nicotine was investigated in the FW. The results showed a mean removal efficiency in order to 62.01%, 54.42%, 50.36 %, 6.73%, and 5.20% for turbidity, TSS, apparent color, true color, and TOC, respectively. The removal of metals varied in the order of 72.26%, 9.61%, and 2.12% for cadmium, iron, and copper, respectively. The presence of nicotine in RW and FW was not identified. In this way, besides reducing the negative environmental impacts caused by cigarette butts present in the environment, the developed technology showed potential for removing pollutants present in surface waters.

Cellulose acetate/fiber paper composite membrane for separation of oil-in-water emulsion

Cellulose is a kind of low-cost, widely-sourced and environmentally friendly material. In this paper, a cellulose acetate/cellulose fiber paper composite membrane was prepared through a phase inversion process. Combining the...

Possible Recycling of Cigarette Butts as Fiber Modifier in Bitumen for Asphalt Concrete

Littering waste is among the top environmental issues in the world, and the management of the waste has turned into a challenge in almost every city. It has been reported that 75% of smokers dispose of their cigarette butts (CBs) on the ground, even in public places. Researchers have discovered that CBs make up more than one-third of the total littered waste on the planet. Cigarette butts predominantly consist of a cellulose acetate fiber (plastic)-based filter wrapped in paper. Waste CBs contain burnt tobacco and tar, along with many other toxic chemicals. They take years to biodegrade depending on the environmental conditions, and toxic chemicals leach out and contaminate the environment. As part of an ongoing project, this paper presents a novel and sustainable technique to recycle cigarette butts in bitumen for the construction of flexible pavements. In this research, CBs have been pre-processed and mixed with bitumen classes C320, C170, and PMB A10E as a fiber modifier. Comprehensive laboratory investigations, including a penetration test, softening point test, and viscosity test, have been performed along with a binder drain off test to evaluate the performance of the modified samples. During this investigation, samples were prepared with 0.3% cellulose fiber, 0.2%, 0.3% 0.4%, and 0.5% CBs. The results of the CB-modified samples were compared with the sample with cellulose fiber and fresh bitumen (0% fiber). The results show that the physical and rheological properties of bitumen incorporating CBs improve significantly, and CBs could be used instead of virgin cellulose fiber as a fiber modifier.

Estimating the Dielectric Constant of Cellulose Acetate Fiber Aggregation with Its Components Volume Fraction

For the sake of studying the relationship between dielectric constant (ε) of cellulose acetate fiber aggregation and volume fraction of its compositions (including cellulose acetate fibers, water and oiling agent), the dielectric spectrum of the aggregation was measured in two forms with a Broadband Dielectric Spectrum (BDS) test system- dry cellulose acetate fibers (dry samples) and oiled cellulose acetate fibers (oiled samples). The measurement data show that dielectric constant has a linear correlation with the volume fraction of cellulose acetate fibers and the oiling agent in the aggregation, and has a non-linear correlation with the volume fraction of water in the aggregation. A function between dielectric constant of the cellulose acetate fiber aggregation and volume fraction of the components was fitted with 1stOpt. The function is in close proximity to the measured data.