Application of Velocity Analysis Picking for 2D Seismic Data Processing in West An-Najaf Are

In the current study, 2D seismic data in west An-Najaf (WN-36 line) were received after many steps of processing by Oil Exploration Company in 2018. Surface Consistent Amplitude Compensation (SCAC) was applied on the seismic data. The processing sequence in our study started by sorting data in a common mid-point (CMP) gather, in order to apply the velocity analysis using Interactive Velocity Analysis Application (INVA) with Omega system. Semblance of velocity was prepared to preform normal move-out (NMO) vs. Time. Accurate root mean square velocity (VRMS) was selected, which was controlled by flatness of the primary events. The resultant seismic velocity section for the study area shows that the velocity analysis became smother and provided an accurate seismic section.

Wireless Ion-Sensitive Field Effect Transistor PH Sensor Network for Offshore Microalgae Cultivation

One of the preeminent challenges facing scientists and engineers in the 21st century has been and will likely continue to be the development of economically and technically feasible renewable energy technologies. While many of these efforts, such as wind, solar, and geothermal, address electricity generation, there are relatively few options to consider for transportation fuels which account for over 1/3 of the US energy needs. Biofuels, from corn or other plant products, have tremendous promise as they can serve as a drop-in replacement for use in our existing infrastructure. However, there is real concern over whether “conventional” bio-feedstock can be viable replacements for fossil fuels due to their need for arable land, high water usage, and relatively long growth cycle. Microalgae, on the other hand, does not suffer from these same limitations and many researchers world-wide have started to explore the cultivation of microalgae for biofuel production. These efforts vary from open ponds to closed photo bioreactors. For example, one technology under development is the NASA OMEGA project. With roots in developing life support systems for long spaceflights, NASA has developed the OMEGA system. This system uses the nutrient content in treated wastewater and waste carbon dioxide from flue gas sources to cultivate microalgae in floating photo bioreactors. The resulting biomass can then be harvested for biofuels and other algae products .Regardless of the specific cultivation process, it is critical to monitor several operating parameters to ensure the health and maximum yield of the algae culture. Measurement of pH is especially important as it can be used a proxy for measuring the amount of carbon dioxide available to growing algae culture. As carbon dioxide is added to the system, carbonic acid is formed, and the pH decreases. Since the algae can only photosynthesize in daylight, during night the algae respire, using O2 and creating CO2. In light of these rapidly changing growth editions, it is critical that the pH in the system is monitored accurately and continuously for correct operation of the control systems responsible for maintaining the health of the algae culture. The sensor systems must be robust enough to maintain reliable operation in a harsh marine environment, and be well tolerant of biofueling both inside and outside the system. The accessibility challenges inherent in any large scale cultivation system also require that the system be easily and infrequently maintained. A wireless system provides additional advantages, such as reducing the cost and maintenance work associated with numerous sensor cables running throughout a large-scale cultivation system. The fragile and costly sensor cables are replaced with radio links. For example, damaged sensor cables needed frequent maintenance and/or replacement at the OMEGA system. A wireless system also allows greater flexibility in choosing the point of attachment to the system, without a need to consider the cable length or it's physical accommodation. This work proposes the development of a wireless ISFETbased (Ion-Sensitive Field Effect Transistor) pH sensor network for use in an offshore microalgae cultivation system.

NΩ interaction from two approaches in lattice QCD

We compare the standard finite volume method by Lüscher with the potential method by HAL QCD collaboration, by calculating the ground state energy of N(nucleon)-Ω(Omega) system in 5 S2 channel. We employ 2+1 flavor full QCD configurations on a (1.9 fm )3×3.8 fm lattice at the lattice spacing a≃0.12 fm , whose ud(s) quark mass corresponds to mπ = 875(1) (mK = 916(1)) MeV . We have found that both methods give reasonably consistent results that there is one NΩ bound state at this parameter.

Magnetic Resonance Analysis of Mouse Embryos with Altered Gene Expression

Techniques to assess and analyze phenotypes of experimentally altered animals have not kept pace with our ability to manipulate the genome. Assessment of the shape, position, and timing of the appearance of anatomical structures is indispensable to identifying and understanding the mechanisms of normal and abnormal morphogenesis. Tools are needed to effectively diagnose the condition of the hundreds of experimentally altered animals being produced.Magnetic resonance (MR) microscopy is a non-destructive technique capable of generating three-dimensional images of developing structures from whole embryos. It facilitates the evaluation of complex anatomical structures by allowing them to be studied in any plane of sectioning for cut-away views and from any angle for surface views.MR microscopy has been used to assess the following mutant mouse embryos and mouse embryos with altered gene expression: Splotch, Curly-tail, Loop-tail, TS 16, HOX 2.2 transgenic, MARKS knockout, LH-2 knockout, and Dlx-2 knockout. Imaging was performed on a modified 9.4 Tesla GE NMR Instruments Omega system with echo times of 6 ms and repetition times of 200 ms.

Position Accuracy of Celestial Fixes

For centuries, celestial navigation was the main method of determining a ship's position at sea, especially when sailing into more exotic areas. Later on, vast areas of the oceans were only covered by the Omega system and there was still every opportunity of finding a position by using the sextant. Nowadays, with GPS coverage worldwide, we consider celestial navigation as an interesting back-up.