On the Semi-Analytical Solutions in Hydrodynamics of Ideal Fluid Flows Governed by Large-Scale Coherent Structures of Spiral-Type

We have presented here a clearly formulated algorithm or semi-analytical solving procedure for obtaining or tracing approximate hydrodynamical fields of flows (and thus, videlicet, their trajectories) for ideal incompressible fluids governed by external large-scale coherent structures of spiral-type, which can be recognized as special invariant at symmetry reduction. Examples of such structures are widely presented in nature in “wind-water-coastline” interactions during a long-time period. Our suggested mathematical approach has obvious practical meaning as tracing process of formation of the paths or trajectories for material flows of fallout descending near ocean coastlines which are forming its geometry or bottom surface of the ocean. In our presentation, we explore (as first approximation) the case of non-stationary flows of Euler equations for incompressible fluids, which should conserve the Bernoulli-function as being invariant for the aforementioned system. The current research assumes approximated solution (with numerical findings), which stems from presenting the Euler equations in a special form with a partial type of approximated components of vortex field in a fluid. Conditions and restrictions for the existence of the 2D and 3D non-stationary solutions of the aforementioned type have been formulated as well.

Exploration of the Diversity of Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats-Cas Systems in Clostridium novyi sensu lato

Classified as the genospecies Clostridium novyi sensu lato and distributed into four lineages (I–IV), Clostridium botulinum (group III), Clostridium novyi, and Clostridium haemolyticum are clostridial pathogens that cause animal diseases. Clostridium novyi sensu lato contains a large mobilome consisting of plasmids and circular bacteriophages. Here, we explored clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) arrays and their associated proteins (Cas) to shed light on the link between evolution of CRISPR-Cas systems and the plasmid and phage composition in a study of 58 Clostridium novyi sensu lato genomes. In 55 of these genomes, types I-B (complete or partial), I-D, II-C, III-B, III-D, or V-U CRISPR-Cas systems were detected in chromosomes as well as in mobile genetic elements (MGEs). Type I-B predominated (67.2%) and was the only CRISPR type detected in the Ia, III, and IV genomic lineages. Putative type V-U CRISPR Cas14a genes were detected in two different cases: next to partial type-IB CRISPR loci on the phage encoding the botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) in lineage Ia and in 12 lineage II genomes, as part of a putative integrative element related to a phage-inducible chromosomal island (PICI). In the putative PICI, Cas14a was associated with CRISPR arrays and restriction modification (RM) systems as part of an accessory locus. This is the first time a PICI containing such locus has been detected in C. botulinum. Mobilome composition and dynamics were also investigated based on the contents of the CRISPR arrays and the study of spacers. A large proportion of identified protospacers (20.2%) originated from Clostridium novyi sensu lato (p1_Cst, p4_BKT015925, p6_Cst, CWou-2020a, p1_BKT015925, and p2_BKT015925), confirming active exchanges within this genospecies and the key importance of specific MGEs in Clostridium novyi sensu lato.

Serum Aspartic Acid ‎as a Marker of Epilepsy

OBJECTIVE: Determine the ‎diagnostic validity of serum aspartic acid as a predictor of epilepsy. STUDY DESIGN & METHODOLOGY: This study enrolled 80 epileptic patients and 80 healthy people, and we measure serum level of ‎aspartic acid by using high liquid performance chromatography. RESULTS: Mean serum aspartic acid ‎was significantly higher in patients (26.2 ± 10.1) mg\dl while in control was (2.8 ± 1.36) mg\dl, ‎the result showed that aspartic acid is an excellent predictor area under the curve [AUC] (95%CI) = ‎‎0.988 (0.97 – 1.0) with 96.3% sensitivity and 97.5% specificity for epileptic patients. Also, the ‎result shows generalized seizure has significantly higher mean serum aspartic acid compared to ‎partial type and GTC show significantly higher mean serum aspartic acid compared to ‎myoclonus. CONCLUSION: Aspartic acid serum level markedly elevated in epileptic patients ‎groups in comparison to the healthy group, also shows a marked difference between generalized ‎and partial epilepsy and show different levels between subtypes of epilepsy.‎

Ichthyosaurs from the French Rhaetian indicate a severe turnover across the Triassic–Jurassic boundary

Mesozoic marine reptiles went through a severe turnover near the end of the Triassic. Notably, an important extinction event affected ichthyosaurs, sweeping a large part of the group. This crisis is however obscured by an extremely poor fossil record and is regarded as protracted over the entire Norian–earliest Jurassic interval, for the lack of a more precise scenario. The iconic whale-sized shastasaurid ichthyosaurs are regarded as early victims of this turnover, disappearing by the middle Norian. Here we evaluate the pattern of this turnover among ichthyosaurs by analyzing the faunal record of two Rhaetian localities. One locality is Autun, eastern France; we re-discovered in this material the holotypes or partial ‘type’ series of Rachitrema pellati, Actiosaurus gaudryi, Ichthyosaurus rheticus, Ichthyosaurus carinatus, and Plesiosaurus bibractensis; a revised taxonomic scheme is proposed. The second assemblage comes from a new locality: Cuers, southeastern France. Both these assemblages provide several lines of evidence for the presence of shastasaurid-like ichthyosaurs in the Rhaetian of Europe. These occurrences suggest that both the demise of shastasaurids and the sudden radiation of neoichthyosaurians occurred within a short time window; this turnover appear more abrupt but also more complex than previously postulated and adds a new facet of the end-Triassic mass extinction.

APOS analysis on cognitive process in mathematical proving activities

Thinking is very necessary in learning mathematics, both at school and college level. Several studies have attempted to reveal students' thinking in learning mathematics at college. This article aims to describe the mental structure that occurs when constructing mathematical proofs in terms of APOS theory. The APOS theory has been widely used in analyzing the formation of mathematical concepts in universities. This research explores a thinking process in proof constructing. It uses a qualitative approach. The research was conducted on 26 students majored in mathematics education in public university at Banten, Indonesia. The consideration of that was because the students were able to think a formal proof in mathematics. Results show that there are two types of thinking process in mathematical proving activities, namely: the deductive-holistic and the inductive-partial type of thinking process. Based on the results, some suitable learning activities should be designed to support the construction of these mental categories.

Idioms in the National News Rubric Category of Education on cnnindonesia.com

Idioms are basically often used by speakers of language in communicating with the wider community. The use of idiom is intentionally done primarily to declare something indirectly to the other person. Many idiom words are often found both in print media, electronic media, and online media that has not understood its meaning. Society only review a little of the meaning he read without deepening the intent and content of the reading read. The idiom’s word is very difficult to understand cognitively because it requires a broad understanding in a sense of its own. This study aims to determine the form of idiom and meaning of idiom used in the national news section of the news column of the type and form of idiom in cnnindonesia.com. This research is descriptive which describes the description of object and result of study in narrative form. Based on the type of idiom, the use of a full idiom of 18 with a percentage of 40% while the idiom partially as much as 27 with a percentage of 60%. In this case, news writers are more likely to use a partial type of idiom.Keyword: idioms, news, education, online media

Atrio-Ventricular Septal Defect in Pregnant Women, How to Deal with It : A Case Study

Pregnancy is not always well tolerated in women with congenital heart disease (CHD) such as atrio-ventricular septal defect (AVSD), predominantly due to heart failure deterioration and increasing pulmonary hypertension (PH). Managements of those patients are challenging, especially during third trimester and after delivery care. Decision about time of termination, mode of delivery and anesthetic management are also debatable. In this article we report two similarcases of pregnant women with AVSD and severe PH. The frst patient was 27 years old, 28-29 weeks pregnant came with shortness of breath. She had history of miscarriage once. Based on her transthoracal echocardiography, she was diagnosed with AVSD partial type (primum ASD) with severe PH and then treated with intravenous furosemide, oral beraprost and oral sildenafl. The second patient was 27 years old 30-31 weeks pregnant with shortness of breathand appeared cyanotic. She delivered her frst child spontaneously without any symptoms. Based on her transthoracal echocardiography she was diagnosed with AVSD transitional type (large primum ASD with small inlet VSD) and Eisenmenger syndrome. She was treated with intravenous furosemide and oral beraprost. Those two patients underwent planned C-section under general anesthesia, both babies were survived but the patient did not survived severaldays after the procedure due to PH crisis. Until now, management PH associated with CHD in pregnant women is complex. Fluid management and pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH)- targeted therapies are important. Mode of delivery on this cases is also remain debated. Some studies stated planned C-section might be a better choice and combination epidural and lowdose spinal anesthesia might be better than general anesthesia. At the end, when a woman with CHD and PH chooses to continue pregnancy, multidisciplinary team approach is crucial to achieve good outcomes.

Alloantibodies in von Willebrand Disease

Abstractvon Willebrand disease (VWD), the most commonly known inherited bleeding disorder, is caused by a partial (type 1) or total (type 3) deficiency or dysfunction (type 2) of von Willebrand factor (VWF). Its management encompasses the prevention or treatment of bleeding by raising endogenous VWF levels using a synthetic agent, such as desmopressin, or providing exogenous VWF concentrates. The development of inhibitory alloantibodies against VWF is a rare but often severe complication encountered during the treatment of type 3 VWD, which is associated with a lack of hemostatic response to infused VWF concentrates and more rarely with allergic, even anaphylactic, reactions. This narrative review will focus on the characteristics of such alloantibodies and their management, which can be very challenging for physicians operating at hemophilia treatment centers.