Rotation Estimation and Segmentation for Patterned Image Vision Inspection

Pattern images can be segmented in a template unit for efficient fabric vision inspection; however, segmentation criteria critically affect the segmentation and defect detection performance. To get the undistorted criteria for rotated images, rotation estimation of absolute angle needs to be proceeded. Given that conventional rotation estimations do not satisfy both rotation errors and computation times, patterned fabric defects are detected using manual visual methods. To solve these problems, this study proposes the application of segmentation reference point candidate (SRPC), generated based on a Euclidean distance map (EDM). SRPC is used to not only extract criteria points but also estimate rotation angle. The rotation angle is predicted using the orientation vector of SRPC instead of all pixels to reduce estimation times. SRPC-based image segmentation increases the robustness against the rotation angle and defects. The separation distance value for SRPC area distinction is calculated automatically. The performance of the proposed method is similar to state-of-the-art rotation estimation methods, with a suitable inspection time in actual operations for patterned fabric. The similarity between the segmented images is better than conventional methods. The proposed method extends the target of vision inspection on plane fabric to checked or striped pattern.

Pointless Pose: Part Affinity Field-Based 3D Pose Estimation without Detecting Keypoints

Human pose estimation finds its application in an extremely wide domain and is therefore never pointless. We propose in this paper a new approach that, unlike any prior one that we are aware of, bypasses the 2D keypoint detection step based on which the 3D pose is estimated, and is thus pointless. Our motivation is rather straightforward: 2D keypoint detection is vulnerable to occlusions and out-of-image absences, in which case the 2D errors propagate to 3D recovery and deteriorate the results. To this end, we resort to explicitly estimating the human body regions of interest (ROI) and their 3D orientations. Even if a portion of the human body, like the lower arm, is partially absent, the predicted orientation vector pointing from the upper arm will take advantage of the local image evidence and recover the 3D pose. This is achieved, specifically, by deforming a skeleton-shaped puppet template to fit the estimated orientation vectors. Despite its simple nature, the proposed approach yields truly robust and state-of-the-art results on several benchmarks and in-the-wild data.

Performance Characterization of the Smartphone Video Guidance Sensor as Vision-Based Positioning System

The Smartphone Video Guidance Sensor (SVGS) is a vision-based sensor that computes the six-state position and orientation vector of a target relative to a coordinate system attached to a smartphone. This paper presents accuracy-characterization measurements of the Smartphone Video Guidance Sensor (SVGS) to assess its performance as a position and attitude estimator, evaluating its accuracy in linear and angular motion for different velocities and various types of targets based on the mean and standard deviation errors between SVGS estimates and known motion profiles, in both linear and angular motions. The study also examines the effects of target velocity and sampling rate on the overall performance of SVGS and provides an overall assessment of SVGS’ performance as a position/attitude estimator. While the error metrics are dependent on range and camera resolution, the results of this paper can be scaled to other operational conditions by scaling the blob size in pixels (the light markers identified in the images) relative to the total resolution (number of pixels) of the image. The error statistics of SVGS enable its incorporation (by synthesis of a Kalman estimator) in advanced motion-control systems for navigation and guidance.

ЦЕННОСТНЫЙ ПОТЕНЦИАЛ ЭКЗИСТЕНЦИАЛЬНОГО ДИАЛОГА В СИСТЕМЕ ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКИХ ИДЕЙ Ф. М. ДОСТОЕВСКОГО (НА МАТЕРИАЛЕ «ДНЕВНИКА ПИСАТЕЛЯ» И ЭГО-ДОКУМЕНТОВ 1863–1880 ГГ.)

Введение. Феноменологический дискурс в литературоведении связан с методологической установкой на восприятие литературного произведения как феномена авторской действительности и события в восприятии читателя. За счет такой диалогической двуориентированности литературный текст перестает осмысляться как замкнутый объект, выходя на уровень экзистенциальной коммуникации автора и читателя с основой на ценностную событийность. Что позволяет говорить о возможности раскрытия воспринимающего сознания через диалогический поиск своего и чужого слова. Материал и методы. В исследовании используются аналитико-описательный, аксиологический методы и феноменологический подход. В качестве материала для исследования выступают глава «Дневника писателя» Ф. М. Достоевского «Одна из современных фальшей» (1873), эго-документы: записные книжки 1863–1864 гг., письма к А. Г. Ковнеру (1877), Н. П. Петерсону (1878) и Е. Ф. Юнге (1880). Результаты и обсуждение. В рамках аксиологического анализа текста в качестве ресурса была выделена категория «позиция автора» как «эстетический коэффициент» вектора ценностной ориентации литературного произведения. «Позиция автора» осмысляется через диалогическое начало, выведенное М. М. Бахтиным как первоопределяющее в полифоническом строе произведений Ф. М. Достоевского. Диалог у писателя понятие всеохватное, не имеющее ни временных, ни пространственных границ. Это нашло непосредственное отражение в идее, жанре и композиции «Дневника писателя». Другодоменантность, основанная на сопряжении сознаний Я и Другого, характеризуется позиционно-ценностной вариативностью. Экзистенциальное сознание писателя проявляется в слове, имеющем диалогическую ориентацию. Диалог является атрибутивной характеристикой экзистенциального сознания. Личностное Я проявляет себя как объект и субъект через ситуацию анализа процесса самопознания. Заключение. Процесс открытия читателем не просто духовно-нравственных основ личности автора, но самой ситуации их формирования является важным в ситуации ценностной ориентации молодого поколения. Через диалог с сознанием воспринимающего субъекта Достоевский открывает для читателя путь к обретению своего Я (как Я-автора, так и Я-читателя).Introduction. Phenomenological discourse in literature is connected with methodological orientation on perception of literary work as a phenomenon of author’s reality and event in reader perception. Due to such dialogue biorientation, the literary text ceases to be understood as a closed object, reaching the level of existential communication between the author and the reader with the basis for value event. Which makes it possible to talk about the possibility of revealing the perceiving consciousness through a dialog search for one’s word and another’s word. Materials and methods. The study uses analytical, descriptive, axiological methods and a phenomenological approach. The material for the study is the chapter of “A Writer’s Dairy” by F. M. Dostoevsky “One of the Modern Fales” (1873), ego-documents: notebooks 1863–1864, letters to A. G. Kovner (1877), N. P. Peterson (1878) and E. F. Yunge (1880). Results and discussion. As part of the axiological analysis of the text, the category “author’s position” was identified as an “aesthetic coefficient” of the value orientation vector of the literary work. The “position of the author” is understood through the dialogical principle, drawn by M. M. Bakhtin as the first definition in the polyphonic structure of the works of F. M. Dostoevsky. The dialogue of the writer is an all-encompassing concept, with neither temporary nor simple borders. This was directly reflected in the idea, genre and composition of “A Writer’s Diary”. Other modality, based on the conjugation of the Self and the Other consciousness, is characterized by position-value variability. The existential consciousness of the writer manifests itself in a word having a dialogue orientation. Dialogue is an attributive characteristic of existential consciousness. Personal Self shows itself as an object and subject through the situation of analysis of the process of self-knowledge. Conclusion. The process of the reader discovering not just the spiritual and moral foundations of the author’s personality, but the very situation of their formation is important in the situation of the value orientation of the young generation. Through the dialogue with the consciousness of the perceiving subject, Dostoevsky opens the way for the reader to acquire his Self (both I-author and I-reader).

Research on Attitude Interpolation and Tracking Control Based on Improved Orientation Vector SLERP Method

SummaryIn order to make the end of the three-axis platform follow the control command and achieve stable control of the end attitude, an improved orientation vector spherical linear interpolation (SLERP) method is proposed for the requirements, which specifically handles the position of the gimbal lock, so that the platform can move smoothly around the gimbal lock position. A three-axis platform with a camera at the end is set up for the validity of the proposed algorithm. At first, an adaptive speed measurement method based on incremental encoder is introduced, which can automatically adapt to high and low speed, and estimate the ultra-low speed to realize the speed measurement of large dynamic range, and this is used for the motion control of the three-axis platform. Then, the SLERP method for the quaternion interpolation on the starting and ending attitudes represented in quaternion is introduced in detail, and it is continuously improved in response to its existing problems for the platform. Finally, an orientation vector SLERP method is proposed, which uses viscosity factor and rejection factor to adjust the algorithm near the platform’s gimbal lock position. A tracking experiment was designed using the red ball as the following target detected by the designed target tracking algorithm using the camera, which verified the effectiveness of the attitude tracking control based on the proposed improved orientation vector SLERP.

3D structural-orientation vector guided autotracking for weak seismic reflections: A new tool for shale reservoir visualization and interpretation

Recognizing and tracking weak reflections, which are characterized by low amplitude, low signal-to-noise ratio, and low degree of lateral continuity, is a long-time issue in 3D seismic interpretation and reservoir characterization. The problem is particularly acute with unconventional, fractured shale reservoirs, in which the impedance contrast is low and/or reservoir beds are below the tuning thickness. To improve the performance of interpreting weak reflections associated with shale reservoirs, we have developed a new workflow for weak-reflection tracking guided by a robust structural-orientation vector (SOV) estimation algorithm. The new SOV-guided auto-tracking workflow first uses the reflection orientation at the seed location as a constraint to project the most-likely locations in the neighboring traces, and then locally adjust them to maximally match the target reflection. We verify our workflow through application to a test seismic data set that is typical of routine 3D seismic surveys over shale oil and gas fields. The results demonstrate the improved quality of the resulting horizons compared with the traditional autotracking algorithms. We conclude that this new SOV-guided autotracking workflow can be used to enhance the performance and effectiveness of weak reflection mapping, which should have important implications for improved shale reservoirs visualization and characterization.

Orbit Determination Using Pulsar Timing Data and Orientation Vector

X-ray Pulsar Navigation (XPNAV) uses the Time Difference of Arrival (TDOA) of the pulsar signal between the spacecraft and Solar System Barycentre (SSB) to determine position. In this paper, a novel method to improve the performance of XPNAV via exploiting the pulsar position vector is proposed. First, the field of view of the collimator is utilised to find the pulsar orientation direction. Then, a searching strategy based on the modified Powell method under given coordinate frames is proposed. We also mathematically prove the existence of the extreme value of the searching strategy. Subsequently, an observation model based on the pulsar radiation vector is presented and applied to formulate the observation function together with pulsar time transfer function. Finally, an Adaptive Divided Difference Filter (ADDF) algorithm is introduced to iteratively estimate the position and velocity of the spacecraft. Numerical simulations show that the vector searching method is feasible and the pulsar radiation direction can improve the navigation performance by 75%. The simulation results also show that the ADDF performs better than Unscented Kalman Filtering (UKF) and DDF in position estimation.