Stability of Intraocular Lens With Different Haptic Design: A Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography Study

Purpose: To investigate the stability of intraocular lens (IOLs) with different haptics by swept-source anterior-segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT).Methods: Sixty-eight eyes from 55 patients received the implantation of Rayner 920H (Closed C-loop Group), Zeiss 509M (Plate Group) or Lenstec SOFTEC HD (C-loop Group) IOLs. The tilt and decentration of IOLs were evaluated using AS-OCT at least 1 month postoperatively.Results: Mean decentration and tilt of IOLs were 0.18 ± 0.12 mm (range 0.02 to 0.59 mm) and 5.63 ± 1.65° (range 2.2 to 9.6°) respectively. Decentration was significantly smaller in the plate haptic group (0.12 ± 0.06 mm) as compared to the C-loop group (0.22 ± 0.13 mm, P = 0.02). The tilt of IOL was also significantly smaller in the plate haptic group (4.96 ± 0.89°) as compared to the C-loop group (6.28 ± 1.83°, P = 0.01). There was marginal difference between the Closed C-loop group (5.52 ± 1.74°) and C-loop group (6.28 ± 1.83°, P = 0.07).Conclusions: The Plate-haptic IOLs should have better stability for the decentration and tilt than the C-loop design IOLs.

Solitons for the Schrödinger flows on Hermitian symmetric spaces

We use loop group factorizations to construct Darboux transformations, Permutability formulas, Scaling Transformations, and explicit soliton solutions of the [Formula: see text]-d Schrödinger flows on compact Hermitian symmetric spaces.

Loop Groups and QNEC

We construct and study solitonic representations of the conformal net associated to some vacuum Positive Energy Representation (PER) of a loop group LG. For the corresponding solitonic states, we prove the Quantum Null Energy Condition (QNEC) and the Bekenstein Bound. As an intermediate result, we show that a Positive Energy Representation of a loop group LG can be extended to a PER of $$H^{s}(S^1,G)$$ H s ( S 1 , G ) for $$s>3/2$$ s > 3 / 2 , where G is any compact, simple and simply connected Lie group. We also show the existence of the exponential map of the semidirect product $$LG \rtimes R$$ L G ⋊ R , with R a one-parameter subgroup of $$\mathrm{Diff}_+(S^1)$$ Diff + ( S 1 ) , and we compute the adjoint action of $$H^{s+1}(S^1,G)$$ H s + 1 ( S 1 , G ) on the stress energy tensor.

On Symmetry Properties of Frobenius Manifolds and Related Lie-Algebraic Structures

The aim of this paper is to develop an algebraically feasible approach to solutions of the oriented associativity equations. Our approach was based on a modification of the Adler–Kostant–Symes integrability scheme and applied to the co-adjoint orbits of the diffeomorphism loop group of the circle. A new two-parametric hierarchy of commuting to each other Monge type Hamiltonian vector fields is constructed. This hierarchy, jointly with a specially constructed reciprocal transformation, produces a Frobenius manifold potential function in terms of solutions of these Monge type Hamiltonian systems.

Comparison of the clinical outcomes of skin bridge loop ileostomy and traditional loop ileostomy in patients with low rectal cancer

To compare the clinical results of patients with low rectal cancer who underwent skin bridge loop ileostomy and traditional loop ileostomy, and provide clinical evidence for choosing a better ostomy method. We retrospectively collected data of 118 patients with rectal cancer who underwent low anterior resection and loop ileostomy. To investigate the patients characteristics, postoperative stoma-related complications and the frequency of exchanged ostomy bags. The differences of these indicators between the two groups of patients who underwent skin bridge loop ileostomy and traditional loop ileostomy were compared. The Visual Analog Scale (VAS) score of the skin bridge loop ileostomy group was lower than that of the traditional ileostomy loop group (P < 0.05). The skin bridge group had a lower Discoloration, Erosion, Tissue overgrowth (DET) score and incidence of mucocutaneous separation than the traditional group at the 1st and 2nd weeks after operation (P < 0.05). The average number of weekly exchanged ostomy bags was significantly less in the skin bridge group than in the traditional group within 4 weeks after surgery (P < 0.05). Our experience demonstrates that the skin bridge loop ileostomy may significantly reduce early postoperative stoma-related complications, the frequency of exchanged ostomy bags and patients’ medical costs after discharge.

The Effect of the Closed-Loop Control System on Blood Glucose Control With Exercise: A Critically Appraised Topic

Context: Exercise can cause fluctuations in blood glucose control in type 1 diabetics. For athletes with type 1 diabetes, maintenance of blood glucose within an ideal range may be difficult. Objective: To determine, in individuals with type 1 diabetes, the effectiveness of the closed loop control system versus the open loop control system in keeping blood glucose levels in the ideal range with exercise. Data Sources: A search of PubMed was conducted in June of 2020 using the Boolean phrases: (closed loop control system OR artificial pancreas) AND type 1 diabetes AND exercise AND ideal range AND adolescents, artificial pancreas AND glucose prediction AND exercise. Study Selection: Titles were reviewed for relevance, the abstract was then assessed for applicability, and finally the full text was examined. Articles were included that examined the percent of time in the ideal blood glucose range when exercise occurred during that day. Articles were excluded that didn’t compare the closed loop and open loop control systems and articles that did not involve exercise. Data Extraction: The PEDro scale was used to determine the methodological quality of the included studies. The measure addressed was the percent of time in the ideal blood glucose range of 70-180 mg/dL. 95% Confidence Intervals and Cohen’s D were calculated for each article. Data Synthesis: The search yielded 268 articles and 3 were selected for inclusion. The two randomized controlled trials scored 9/10 on the PEDro scale and the randomized two-arm crossover clinical trial scored 9/10 on the PEDro scale. Percent time spent in the ideal blood glucose range when exercise was performed was significantly higher in the closed loop group versus the open loop group in each of the three studies. In one randomized control trial, mean time in the ideal range was 71.3% (SD = 17.6, 95% CI = 62.5, 80.10) in the closed loop group versus 64.7% (SD = 13.3, 95% CI = 58.1–71.4) in the open loop group. Cohen’s D was 0.4. In the second randomized control trial, mean time in the ideal range was 73.5% (SD = 8.4, 95% CI = 70.1, 76.9) for the closed loop group versus 50% (SD = 26.8, 95% CI = 39.1, 60.9). Cohen’s D was 1.2. The two-arm crossover clinical trial resulted in a mean time in target range of 84.1% (SD = 11.5, 95% CI = 79.0, 89.2) in the closed loop group versus 68.7% (SD = 13.9, 95% CI = 62.5, 74.9) in the open loop group. Cohen’s D was 1.2. Conclusions: For adolescents with type 1 diabetes who exercise, the closed loop control system maintains blood glucose levels in the ideal range for a longer percent of time versus an open loop system. Each patient should be evaluated on a case-by-case basis with his/her healthcare team. Future research should examine the closed loop control system on specific energy systems.

Micro-Rheological Changes of Red Blood Cells in the Presence of an Arterio-Venous Fistula or a Loop-Shaped Venous Graft in the Rat

Introduction: In case of kidney failure, hemodialysis is the primary kidney replacement technique. Several vascular access methods used for the therapy, one of which is the arterio-venous fistula (AVF). In the AVF, the blood flow is altered, which can elevate the mechanical stress on the red blood cells (RBCs). This can affect the RBC hemorheological properties, and it can further cause systemic changes. To lower the turbulence and shear stress, we performed a loop-shaped arterio-arterial venous interposition graft (loop-shaped graft) to compare its effect to the conventional AVF.Materials and Methods: Thirty male Wistar were used (permission registration Nr.: 25/2016/UDCAW). The animals were randomly divided into sham-operated, AVF, and loop groups (n = 10/each). The superficial inferior epigastric vein (SIEV) was used to create the AVF and the loop-shaped graft. Blood samples were taken before/after the surgery and at the 1st, 3rd, and 5th postoperative weeks. We measured hemorhelogical, hematological, and blood gas parameters. The microcirculation of the hind limbs was also monitored using Laser Doppler fluxmetry.Results: Hematocrit, RBC count, and hemoglobin decreased by the 1st postoperative week. The erythrocyte aggregation values significantly increased in the fistula group by the 5th week (6.43 ± 2.31 vs. 13.60; p &lt; 0.0001; vs. before operation). At the postoperative 1st week in the loop group, the values showed a significant decrease in RBC deformability. During the maturation period, dominantly at the 5th week, all values were normalized. The operated hind limb’s skin microcirculation significantly increased in the sham and loop group by the 1st week (39 ± 10.57 vs. 73.93 ± 1.97 BFU, p &lt; 0.01). This increase wasn’t observed in the fistula group probably due to a steal-effect.Conclusion: Unlike in the loop group, in the presence of the fistula, several rheological parameters have changed. The loop-shaped graft had only minimal impact on micro-rheological parameters.