The relatıonship between shooting performance and respiratory muscle strength in archers aged 9-12

Introduction: The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between shooting performance and pulmonary functions and respiratory muscle strength in archers. Material and methods: The research was conducted with 31 boy and 11 girl archers aged 9-12. The forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiration volume in one second (FEV1), FEV1/FVC, peak expiratory flow (PEF), maximum voluntary ventilation (MVV), maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP), and maximum expiratory pressure (MEP) of the archers were measured. To determine the shooting performance, a total of 30 shots (15+15) were taken from an 18-meter distance in closed shooting range. Results: A significant difference was found between the 15 shots done in each half and the total shot point and the averages of FVC (r=0.375, 0.353, 0.378 respectively) and FEV1 (r=0.368, 0.339, 0.367 respectively). However, a significant difference was not found among these shot points and other respiratory parameters (p>0.05). A relationship was detected between the second 15-shot points of boy archers and MEP (r=0.370). Conclusions: A strong correlation was not found between the respiratory parameters and shooting performances of the archers in this study. However, it is thought that this level of relationship will rise as training level and age increases.

Reldesemtiv in Patients with Spinal Muscular Atrophy: a Phase 2 Hypothesis-Generating Study

This phase 2, double-blind, placebo-controlled, hypothesis-generating study evaluated the effects of oral reldesemtiv, a fast skeletal muscle troponin activator, in patients with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). Patients ≥ 12 years of age with type II, III, or IV SMA were randomized into 2 sequential, ascending reldesemtiv dosing cohorts (cohort 1: 150 mg bid or placebo [2:1]; cohort 2: 450 mg bid or placebo [2:1]). The primary objective was to determine potential pharmacodynamic effects of reldesemtiv on 8 outcome measures in SMA, including 6-minute walk distance (6MWD) and maximum expiratory pressure (MEP). Changes from baseline to weeks 4 and 8 were determined. Pharmacokinetics and safety were also evaluated. Patients were randomized to reldesemtiv 150 mg, 450 mg, or placebo (24, 20, and 26, respectively). The change from baseline in 6MWD was greater for reldesemtiv 450 mg than for placebo at weeks 4 and 8 (least squares [LS] mean difference, 35.6 m [p = 0.0037] and 24.9 m [p = 0.058], respectively). Changes from baseline in MEP at week 8 on reldesemtiv 150 and 450 mg were significantly greater than those on placebo (LS mean differences, 11.7 [p = 0.038] and 13.2 cm H2O [p = 0.03], respectively). For 6MWD and MEP, significant changes from placebo were seen in the highest reldesemtiv peak plasma concentration quartile (Cmax > 3.29 μg/mL; LS mean differences, 43.3 m [p = 0.010] and 28.8 cm H2O [p = 0.0002], respectively). Both dose levels of reldesemtiv were well tolerated. Results suggest reldesemtiv may offer clinical benefit and support evaluation in larger SMA patient populations.

Increased body mass index: what is the influence on ventilatory muscular strength?

Introduction: Ventilatory muscle strength (VMS) and anatomical/biological factors are important in the functioning and maintenance of body homeostasis. Thus, the study of respiratory mechanics and conditions that can alter them is fundamental. Studies indicate that obesity decreases the Maximum Inspiratory Pressure (MIP) and Maximum Expiratory Pressure (MEP), however, these studies are contradictory in their results. Objective: To verify if there is a difference between the VMS of obese and eutrophic individuals. Methods: Comparative observational study, in which 40 individuals of both sexes were evaluated, divided into two groups: 20 individuals with grade I obesity and 20 eutrophic individuals. Abdominal circumference was considered to be > 102 cm for men and 88 cm for women. Two-way unpaired Student's t-test was applied to compare the Maximum Inspiratory Pressure (MIP) and Maximum Expiratory Pressure (MEP) of the evaluated groups. The BioEstat 5.0 program was used and a p ˂ 0.05 was adopted as significant. Results: The mean MIP for obese and eutrophic individuals was 147 ± 73 vs 145 ± 70 cmH2O, respectively (p = 0.91). For MEP, the mean for the obese and eutrophic group was 133 ± 28 vs 135 ± 27 cmH2O, respectively (p = 0.93). Conclusion: Sedentary individuals with grade I obesity associated with increased waist circumference do not differ in MIP and MEP when compared to eutrophic individuals.Keywords: obesity, work capacity assessment, functional physical performance.

PARALISIA BULBAR PROGRESSIVA (PBP): relato de caso

Motor neuron disease is a term used in several clinical syndromes, among them Progressive Bulbar Paralysis, a rare degenerative and progressive disease of rapid evolution and loss of early respiratory muscle strength. The characteristics are dysphonia, dysphagia, dysarthria, inability in bronchial hygiene, wheezing breaths and atrophy of the tongue musculature, affecting chewing, the grinding of food is increasingly difficult, affecting chewing, causing a potentially disabling and debilitating disease. This study aimed to describe a clinical case of an individual with a clinical diagnosis of Progressive Bulbar Paralysis in Propaedeutics at the Clinical School of the Faculty of the Alto Paranaíba-MG region. The object of study was a 57-year-old male, who underwent an initial physical therapy evaluation and was collected with maximum physiological pressure: maximum inspiratory pressure, maximum expiratory pressure, Borg CR-10 scale, heart rate (HR), respiratory pressure (RF), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), peripheral oxygen saturation (SPO2). Then, follow a course of action in accordance with the provisions of the literature on the performance of the disease. The results found in this study are satisfactory, for all eight variables analyzed, with the possibility of highlighting the variable Borg CR-10 as the most satisfactory variable compared.

Correlation between Lung Function and Functional Movement in Healthy Adults

It is difficult to determine whether lung function improves by simple abdominal strengthening exercises, and studies on the correlation of lung function and functional movement are insufficient. Therefore; we aimed to identify the correlation between lung function and functional movement. We recruited 204 healthy adults and measured their forced vital capacity; forced expiratory volume in 1 s, maximum voluntary ventilation, maximum expiratory pressure (MEP), and maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP). We also extracted data obtained during functional movements. Differences between lung function and functional movement by gender were determined using independent sample t-tests, while the relationship between lung function and functional movement variables were analyzed using Pearson′s correlation coefficient. Significant gender-based differences between lung function and functional movement, a negative correlation between MIP and inline lunge, and a significantly positive correlation between MIP and trunk stability push-up occurred in males. In females, a positive correlation occurred between MEP and hurdle step, MIP and deep squat, and MIP and hurdle step. Aspects of lung function (MEP and MIP) showed correlations with functional movements. The results showed that lung function and functional movement were correlated, confirming that there is a relationship between lung function and functional movement in healthy adults.

Manual therapy in diaphragm muscle: effect on respiratory muscle strength and chest mobility

Introduction: Manual therapy uses the hands as a form of healing, being a manipulation for therapeutic purposes. However, there is little evidence of its effects on the respiratory system. Objective: To describe the effect of manual therapy on the diaphragm, on respiratory muscle strength and on the mobility of the thoracic cavity. Method: Descriptive, longitudinal, interventional and quantitative research, performed at the Cardiopneumofunctional Physical Therapy Laboratory of the Federal University of Ceará (UFC). The sample consisted of 40 sedentary female students, aged between 18 and 35 years of the Physiotherapy course of the UFC. The following techniques were performed: “diaphragm lift” and double diaphragm. Data collection was performed in three steps, on the same day and by the same researcher, under a homogeneous verbal command. It was considered statistically significant value of p≤0,05. Results: After applying the techniques, a comparative analysis was performed, which demonstrated a statistically significant difference in the maximum expiratory pressure, with p< 0,0001, and all the coefficients of the cirtometry, being p<0,0025 (axillary), p<0,0085 (xiphoid) and p<0,0005 (basal). Conclusion: Manual therapy techniques performed on the diaphragm exert an influence on muscle strength due to the increase in maximum expiratory pressure and in the mobility of the thoracic cavity, reflected in the increase of the coefficients of the cirtometry.

The study of the effects of 12 weeks of yoga training on respiratory pressures and 40 mm Hg test in healthy individuals

Background: Yogic exercises have been found to be beneficial for better maintenance of bodily functions even in normal healthy subjects. In view of this, present study was planned to evaluate the effect of Yoga on respiratory pressures and 40 mm Hg test in healthy individuals. Method: The present study included 80 healthy subjects (40 males, 40 females) of 30-40 years age group. Subjects fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria attended a minimum of five Yoga classes per week for a period of twelve weeks. Age, height, weight & BMI of the subjects were recorded. The maximum expiratory pressure, maximum inspiratory pressure and 40 mm Hg test were analysed before & after twelve weeks of Yoga practice. The same subjects were chosen as both study as well as control group in order to minimize the confounding factors and make the study more reproducible. Student’s paired‘t’ test was used to compare the changes in parameters before and after Yoga training. Results: On analysis of results, there was highly significant (p<0.001) increase in maximum expiratory pressure, maximum inspiratory pressure and 40 mm Hg test after twelve weeks of Yoga practise. The response was similar in both the genders. Conclusion: Present study proved that regular practice of Yoga for minimum of 12 weeks is beneficial in improving respiratory pressures and 40 mm Hg test in normal healthy individuals and this improvement is appreciable in both genders. Results of the study would justify the incorporation of Yoga as part of our lifestyle in promoting health. Also Yoga can make an appreciable contribution to primary prevention and management of lifestyle diseases.

Maximum inspiratory and expiratory pressures in the pre and postoperative periods of patients with incisional abdominal hernia corrected by Lázaro da Silva technique

ABSTRACT Objective: To verify the effect of longitudinal abdominal incisional herniorrhaphy on respiratory muscle pressure. Method: The technique of incisional herniorrhaphy used was proposed by Lázaro da Silva. To measure the pressure, we used a water manometer in 20 patients, median age 48.5 years (range 24 70). We analyzed the maximum inspiratory pressure at the level of residual volume (IP-RV) and functional residual capacity (IP-FRC) and the maximum expiratory pressure of functional residual capacity (EP-FRC) and total lung capacity (EP-TLC) in the preoperative and late postoperative (40 90 days) periods, in 13 patients with large incisional hernias and in 7 patients with medium incisional hernias. Results: There was a significant increase in IP-FRC (p = 0.027), IP-RV (p = 0.011) and EP-TLC (p = 0.003) in patients with large incisional hernias. EP-FRC increased, but not significantly. In patients with medium incisional hernias, the changes were not significant. Conclusion: Surgical correction of large incisional hernias improves the function of the breathing muscles; however, surgery for medium incisional hernias does not alter this function.

The effects of respiratory muscle training on peak cough flow in patients with Parkinson’s disease: a randomized controlled study

Objective: To compare the effects of an inspiratory versus and expiratory muscle-training program on voluntary and reflex peak cough flow in patients with Parkinson disease. Design: A randomized controlled study. Setting: Home-based training program. Participants: In all, 40 participants with diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease were initially recruited in the study and randomly allocated to three study groups. Of them, 31 participants completed the study protocol (control group, n = 10; inspiratory training group, n = 11; and expiratory training group, n = 10) Intervention: The inspiratory and expiratory group performed a home-based inspiratory and expiratory muscle-training program, respectively (five sets of five repetitions). Both groups trained six times a week for two months using a progressively increased resistance. The control group performed expiratory muscle training using the same protocol and a fixed resistance. Main measures: Spirometric indices, maximum inspiratory pressure, maximum expiratory pressure, and peak cough flow during voluntary and reflex cough were assessed before and at two months after training. Results: The magnitude of increase in maximum expiratory pressure ( d = 1.40) and voluntary peak cough flow ( d = 0.89) was greater for the expiratory muscle-training group in comparison to the control group. Reflex peak cough flow had a moderate effect ( d = 0.27) in the expiratory group in comparison to the control group. Slow vital capacity ( d = 0.13) and forced vital capacity ( d = 0.02) had trivial effects in the expiratory versus the control group. Conclusions: Two months of expiratory muscle-training program was more beneficial than inspiratory muscle-training program for improving maximum expiratory pressure and voluntary peak cough flow in patients with Parkinson’s disease.