Protein secondary structure analysis of serum from patients with oncohematological diseases

One of the promising approaches for diagnosing oncohematological diseases is infrared spectroscopy of blood serum. In this work secondary structure of blood serum proteins of patients with multiple myeloma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia and healthy donors was studied using IR spectroscopy. As a result of the study, it was found that the secondary structure of blood serum proteins in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia does not change in comparison with healthy donors. In contrast, patients with multiple myeloma have significant differences in the secondary structure composition of serum proteins compared to healthy donors. We conclude, that IR spectroscopy makes it possible to distinguish serum of healthy donors and patients with multiple myeloma, leading to the potential applicability of this approach to the diagnosis of multiple myeloma.

Electrophoretic method for the study of blood serum proteins in the diagnosis of latent active rheumatism

In case of rheumatic heart defects with circulatory disorders in the inactive period, according to the literature, there is a slight increase in P - and y-globulins, a2-globulins and fibrinogen remain within normal limits.

TCA-soluble blood serum proteins of COVID-19 patients as possible predictive markers for the disease severity

Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) is a global health crisis on a planetary scale. COVID-19 in many people has mild or moderate manifestation, although significant number of people, especially the elderly, suffer heavy from this illness, which often resulting in death. There are reports of similarities in immune response between COVID-19 and some autoimmune diseases. Earlier, we have demonstrated that fraction of TCA-soluble blood serum proteins containing a 48 kDA fragment of unconvential Myosin C1 have linked with development of multiple sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis. Here we analyze use of these proteins in determining the severity of disease in COVID-19 patients. We found that blood serum of COVID-19 patients in acute disease manifestation contains, in contrast to healthy individuals, the TCA-soluble proteins with molecular masses 48 kDa and 76 kDA which were identified as a short form of unconventional myosin 1c and a modified form of human serum albumin.

State and ways of purposeful conservation of gray Ukrainian breed and its use in the future breed formation process

The study of the gene pool of gray Ukrainian cattle on the basis of the State Enterprise “Polivanovka” was carried out in 2018–2020. They relied on retrospective and modern analysis of the population, using genetic, immunogenetic, breeding, zootechnical, statistical and biometric methods. The animals of this herd belong to two lines: Petushok 191U (62 %) and Shamrin XU-41 (38 %) and 20 families. They have a sturdy, dense and rough type of constitution. Average somatometric indicators correspond to the standard. The breed has good slaughter performance and beef properties. Slaughter yield in bulls reaches 58–59 %, fat – 2.5–3 %, protein: fat ratio – 1: 1.5, pulp in the carcass – 72–73 %, bones – 16–17 %, meat index – 4, 4–4.5. Animals with a high coefficient of inheritance pass on to their descendants specific breed characteristics (color, shape of horns, physique, acclimatization to various natural zones, adaptation to feeding conditions, increased resistance, small fruit size, long growth, stress resistance). The use of modern techniques made it possible to test erythrocyte antigens, serum proteins, isozyme erythrocytes and tissues, as well as polymorphism, the length of restriction DNA fragments. Of the 49 antigens of blood groups, 48 were found. There was a high frequency of them (45–92 %) A, G3, C1, C2, R2, W, X1, X2, E, F, Y, J, H1, Z and much lower ( 2–10 %) P1, P2, B1, J2, P1, R, C1, L, H2. Over the past 30 years, the number of alleles of the most informational system B has decreased from 41 to 14, among them breed-specific B, B2, G3, J1, Q, T1, G2, K, V, E, O. The narrowing of the allelic pool to this level indicates that the breed is on the verge of extinction. Analysis of biochemical markers of blood serum proteins albumin and post-albumin was found in three phenotypes AA, BB, and AB, post-transformation – also in three phenotypes FF, FS, and SS. In terms of hemoglobin, all studied animals of the herd are of type A. Restriction analysis of mitochondrial DNA revealed polymorphism only for endonuclease Eco 471. Modern selection and genetic methods are able to maintain and preserve the specific properties of the breed, its structure, and genetic variability. Their use in combination with technological methods helps to prevent the disappearance of livestock and provide it with a worthy place in the world heritage of genetic resources. Our proposals are summarized in the "Concept of purposeful conservation of gray Ukrainian cattle and their use in the further breed-forming process." Key words: cattle, gray Ukrainian breed, condition, direction of use, offers.

Identification of Astrocytoma Blood Serum Protein Profile

High-grade astrocytomas are some of the most common and aggressive brain cancers, whose signs and symptoms are initially non-specific. Up to the present date, there are no diagnostic tools to observe the early onset of the disease. Here, we analyzed the combination of blood serum proteins, which may play key roles in the tumorigenesis and the progression of glial tumors. Fifty-nine astrocytoma patients and 43 control serums were analyzed using Custom Human Protein Antibody Arrays, including ten targets: ANGPT1, AREG, IGF1, IP10, MMP2, NCAM1, OPN, PAI1, TGFβ1, and TIMP1. The decision tree analysis indicates that serums ANGPT1, TIMP1, IP10, and TGFβ1 are promising combinations of targets for glioma diagnostic applications. The accuracy of the decision tree algorithm was 73.5% (75/102), which correctly classified 79.7% (47/59) astrocytomas and 65.1% (28/43) healthy controls. The analysis revealed that the relative value of osteopontin (OPN) protein level alone predicted the 12-month survival of glioblastoma (GBM) patients with the specificity of 84%, while the inclusion of the IP10 protein increased model predictability to 92.3%. In conclusion, the serum protein profiles of ANGPT1, TIMP1, IP10, and TGFβ1 were associated with the presence of astrocytoma independent of its malignancy grade, while OPN and IP10 were associated with GBM patient survival.

Whole-body cryostimulation impact on blood serum thermal denaturation profiles of cross-country skiers

Blood plasma and serum are important diagnostic materials as they clearly reflect an individual’s metabolism. The study has evaluated the effect of whole-body cryostimulation (WBC) on the blood serum of professional cross-country skiers. The experiment involved eight athletes (two women and six men) who underwent a series of ten WBC treatments. Aqueous solutions of human blood serum samples before WBC procedures, after one treatment and after a series of ten treatments were measured by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), a relatively novel diagnostic tool. DSC results showed rather little impact of cryostimulation on heat capacity changes accompanying the process of thermal denaturation of blood serum proteins in elite athletes. However, the statistically significant reduction in the intensity of the serum denaturation transition in its low temperature range has been observed after ten WBC treatments. The results have been interpreted by changes in the serum proteome profile, notably in the ratio of ligated to unligated albumin molecules. As a side result, the relationships between the relative change in body fat mass after ten WBC treatments and the levels of alpha2-globulins and beta2-globulins fractions have been found.