Synthesis and Pharmacological Activity of Some Pyrazolone Derivatives

A sequence of novel pyrazolone derivative was produced by the reaction of 2, 4-dinitrophenyl hydrazine (0.1 mol) and ethyl acetoacetate with benzaldehydes followed by hydrazine hydrate and finally treated with secondary amine and formaldehyde and the synthesized compounds were characterized by their physical properties (M.P and TLC) and UV, IR, 1HNMR, Mass spectroscopic studies respectively. The entire synthesized complex was tested for their anthelmintic, antimicrobial and haemostatic activity against gram-positive and gram-negative strains of bacteria and Eudrilus eugenia and human venous blood. The antimicrobial activity of synthesized pyrazolone derivatives was assessed by agar cup method. All the synthesized complexes were screened for the antimicrobial, athelmintic and haemostatic activity against some gram (+ve), Gram(-ve) organisms, Eudrilus eugenia and human venous blood. The complexes exhibited reasonable to upright activity when compared with the standard one.

DIVERGENCE IN THE VERMICOMPOSTING OF GREEN AND SENESCENCE BLACK PLUM (SYZYGIUM CUMINI) LEAF LITTERS

In the present scenario, generation of organic solid waste is foremost trouble demands healthy and sustainable elucidation. Vermicomposting is an appropriate biotechnological approach to transform organic solid waste into valuable product. Vermicomposting process is carried out by suitable exotic verities of earthworm. These Earthworms utilize semi digested organic waste include carbohydrate and protein as a source of food and produces vermicast which is rich in nutrients. Because more than 40 % part of city waste composed of plant materials therefore it can be a better utilizes in vermicomposting process. In the present experiment, plant material viz. Green leaf litters (GLL) and senescence leaf litter (SLL) of Black plum (Syzygium cumini) was taken and converted into vermicompost through Eisenia foetida and Eudrilus eugenia. Result revealed that vermicomposting mixture of both GLL and SLL showed similar trend in pH and temperature variation. The result of moisture contained revealed that SLL required more water to maintain adequate moisture than GLL. Total nitrogen content and total organic carbon were found more in GLL than SLL.

Physiochemical Analysis of Sandalwood (Santalum Album) Leaf Litters Degraded by Eisenia foetida and Eudrilus eugenia

The decay of leaf litter by microflora and fauna furnish nutrient supply to the soil and also uphold ecological sustainability. Applying of proper technique and exploring of result provides information for the betterment of agricultural system. Vermicomposting of Sandalwood (Santalum album) leaf litters were studied with an emphasis of physio-chemical deviation during the process and also compared with 100 % cattle dung. Obtained result explore that temperate of 50 % leaf litter (LL) and 100 % cattle dung (CD) was slightly elevated (37ºC ±1 ºC and 35ºC ±1 ºC respectively) at beginning phase and later came down to ambient level (20ºC±1 ºC). The total organic carbon (TOC) exhausted 44 % in 50 % LL Vermicomposting mixture while 70 % in 100 % CD during the process. At the final stage, TOC found more in 50% LL as compared to 100% CD. Nitrogen content was found 1.02±0.1 in 50 % LL and 0.88±0.1 in 100 % CD at the initial phase but after completion of Vermicomposting, their level was increased up to 40 to 44 %. pH was also measured during vermicomposting and found 7.2±0.1 in 50% LL while 8.4±0.1 in 100% CD at the initial phase. The at the end of process pH raised and set up to 8.2 ±0.1 in 50% LL while in 100% CD it was found 8.0 ±0.1.

Electric signals for separation of earthworms (Eudrilus eugeniæ)

The worm Eudrilus eugeniæ is a species adapted to tropical climates and is highly demanded as fishing bait, therefore possessing high economic value. Separation of worms from humus is typically performed by manual, mechanical, behavioral and electric methods. The objective of this study was to characterize electric pulses for separation of worms (Eudrilus eugeniæ) from humus. To determine separation efficiency of worms from humus, a controlled pulse generator was used with frequencies of 1 and 5 Hz, voltages of 100 and 200 V, peak widths of 2, 3 and 4 x 10-3 s and exposure times of 15 and 30 min. The electrical pulse characteristics which resulted in greatest separation efficiency were: 1 Hz, 2 x 10-3 s and 200 V; and the maximum displacement index was 80% which occurred under these conditions. The survival index was 100% for the pulses which resulted in the greatest separation indices.