Continuous Flow Synthesis of Propofol

Herein, we report a continuous flow process for the synthesis of 2,6-diisopropylphenol—also known as Propofol—a short-acting intravenous anesthesia, widely used in intensive care medicine to provide sedation and hypnosis. The synthesis is based on a two-step procedure: a double Friedel–Crafts alkylation followed by a decarboxylation step, both under continuous flow.

A sustainable and scalable multicomponent continuous flow process to access fused imidazoheterocycle pharmacophores

A sustainable flow process has been established for the application of the Gröebke–Blackburn–Bienaymé reaction for access to high-value fused heteroaromatics.

Continuous flow process to make fermented cassava starch substitute: I. Physicochemical and functional properties

The Brazilian fermented cassava starch (polvilho azedo) is prized as a raw material for fast food preparation. Its traditional production by natural fermentation and exposure to sunlight favors contamination and impurities, in addition to depending on the climate. The literature explains the characteristic expansion of polvilho azedo as a reaction of the lactic acid produced during fermentation and sun radiation. With the aim to evaluate a commercial continuous flow process, a modular lamp (UV-C) was evaluated to substitute exposure to sunlight. The selected doses were 1,000, 5,000 and 10,000 Joules per liter (J l-1). Native cassava starch suspension in water at 6% (dry basis) was adjusted to 4% lactic acid (dry basis) and exposed to UV-C radiation: (a) without lactic acid, (b) with lactic acid reaction for 1 hour, (c) with ultraviolet radiation, in addition to the combination of (ac) and (bc). The results showed that only the combination of acidification and ultraviolet radiation (bc) allows an expansion (11 cm3 g-1) higher than the commercial polvilho azedo (8.24 cm3 g-1) adopted as standard. It was concluded that is possible to achieve a substitute for fermented cassava starch by acidification of native cassava starch with lactic acid in a continuous flow system starting with a dose around 5,000 J l-1 of UV-C radiation.

N-Doped Carbon as a Solid Base Catalyst for Continuous Flow Knoevenagel Condensation

The application of N-doped carbon as a basic, heterogeneous catalyst in a continuous-flow process is described for the first time. The Knoevenagel condensation reaction was chosen to demonstrate the potential...

A continuous flow process for biaryls based on sequential Suzuki–Miyaura coupling and supercritical carbon dioxide extraction

We report a continuous flow process for biaryls consisting of a packed-bed reactor and a rapid extraction system. Continuous extraction with supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) was applied to a Suzuki–Miyaura...

Development of a Continuous Photochemical Benzyne-Forming Process

A continuous-flow process is presented that enables the safe generation and derivatization of benzyne under photochemical conditions. This is facilitated by a new high-power LED lamp emitting light at 365 nm. The resulting flow process effectively controls the release of gaseous by-products based on an adjustable backpressure regulator and delivers a series of heterocyclic products in a short residence time of 3 minutes. The robustness of this methodology is demonstrated for the rapid generation of benzotriazoles, 2H-indazoles and various furan-derived adducts, facilitating the preparation of these important heterocyclic scaffolds via a simple and readily scalable flow protocol.