Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice to Wards Hepatitis B Prevention Among Debre Tabor Health Science College Students, South Gondar, Amhara, Ethiopia 2021

BACKGROUND: Hepatitis B infection is caused by the hepatitis B virus which attacks the liver and can cause both acute and chronic disease and puts people at high risk of death from cirrhosis and liver cancer. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a highly contagious virus which is 50-100 times more infectious than HIV but have similar mode of transmission. Hepatitis B is the most common serious liver infection in the world. Hepatitis B infection is one of the major public health problems and is the tenth leading cause of death. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study is to assess knowledge, attitude, and practice towards hepatitis B prevention among students in Debre Tabor Health Science College. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 422 health science students in Debre tabor, town September to october,2021. The study participants were selected using a simple random sampling technique after proportionally allocating the sample size from the total number of students, and finally study subjects was selected by systematic random sampling based on their list studying at Debre tabor health science college. The data were collected by trained data collectors using a structured self-questionnaire. The collected data were checked, coded and entered to SPSS version 20, and for data cleaning and analysis. RESULT: The response rate was 84.1% (n = 355). A total of 262(73.8%) of the students knew about the transmission of HBV infection. Majority of the students (73.5%) agreed for vaccination against HBV infection. About 10.4%, 16.3%, 5.6%, 15.5%, 10.4%, 5.1%, and 5.07% of were responds know wearing of gloves, wearing of goggles, adequate disposal of sharp materials, avoid patients diagnosed with hepatitis B, multivitamin/Blood Tonic, use antibiotics after contact, and other protective measures taken to protect against hepatitis B infection students knew about the preventive measures against HBV infection. CONCLUSION: The overall awareness regarding HBV disease was found to be deficient among the health science students.

Prevalence of internet addiction and its association with quality of sleep among arts and science college students of Puducherry, India

Background: College students are found to be heavy users of internet globally. Hence, present study was aimed to find the prevalence of internet addiction and the association of internet addiction with quality of sleep.Methods: An institution-based cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among arts and science college students of Puducherry, India. Two arts and science colleges selected and proportionate stratified sampling was used for selecting the students. Young's internet addiction scale and Pittsburgh sleep quality index were used as study tools.Results: A total of 497 students participated in the study. The median age was 19 years, and 56.3% were males. The prevalence of mild internet addiction was 42% (95% CI 37.9-46.6), and moderate addiction was 18.7% (95% CI 15.5-22.3). Prevalence of poor sleep quality was 63% (95% CI 58.8-67.3). After adjusting for the covariates, male gender had high internet addictions (2.24 95% CI 1.84-2.72, p<0.001). Students with internet addiction had 1.67 times poor sleep quality compared to their counterparts (p<0.001). Students from 20 to 24 years had poor sleep quality compared to18-19 years (p=0.040).Conclusions: There was a high prevalence of poor sleep quality among college students and was associated with internet addiction.

Dr. Subhash Mukhopadhyay, The Unsung Indian-Bengali Hero

India is the brain hub of the world’s scientific research. When it comes to Indian science, how can one forget the contributions of Bengal, and Kolkata? If you calculate the number of Nobel prize winners from India, you will find an astounding majority of them are connected to Kolkata. Dr. CV Raman was highly connected to the Indian Association of Cultivation of Science [IACS], Kolkata where he did the major work which brought him the Nobel Prize in 1930.[1,2] In 1917, he was appointed to the Palit chair of physics at Raza bazar Science College, University of Calcutta.[1] Yet surprisingly, many researchers in Bengal were unrecognized and didn’t receive their deserved fame. Their work sang but they were unsung. In this editorial, we try to know about one such legendary Indian Physician-Doctor who hadn’t received the proper recognition he deserved. Dr. Subhash Mukhopadhyay was an extraordinary Indian Physician Researcher who was born on 16th January 1931 in Hazaribagh, India [3]. At the University of Edinburgh, he did an extraordinary work on hormones. Title of his thesis was, “Some Observations on The Biological Assay of Gonadotropic Hormones”. You can read the full thesis PDF from the following link present at Archives of University of Edinburgh,[4]. Before him, there was no great way to detect the levels of this hormone, but his remarkable work in this field opened many avenues for which he also received his second PhD. He is famous for India’s first and world’s second In Vitro Fertilization [IVF] work.

Comparative Evaluation of Necessity of Antibiotic Administration Following Dental Extraction among Population of Age Group 30-60 Years - Triple Blinded Randomized Controlled Trial

BACKGROUND The use of antibiotics as prophylactic prescriptions remains a controversy in dentistry. The current study was done to evaluate the necessity of antibiotic administration following dental extraction among population of 30 – 60 year old age groups. METHODS This is a triple blinded trial with trial registry number CTRI / 2019 / 12 / 022342 in which the 60 study participants were randomized and allocated in a ratio of 1 : 1 : 1 to three groups A (amoxicillin 500 mg t.d.s), B (clindamycin 150 mg t.d.s as a mouthrinse), C (no antibiotic) by lot method. The study proceeded after ethical committee approval and informed consent from the participants. Medically compromised patients, patients in menstruation period, lactation and pregnancy period, test drug hypersensitive patients, tooth with abscess or cyst were excluded and patients of 30 – 60 years old reporting with the complaint to Best Dental Science College, Madurai, were included in the study. The tooth was extracted, and evaluated on 3rd, 7th and 14th day post-operatively. RESULTS The non healing parameters were observed in percentages of 9.7, 6.2 and 6.2 in group A, B and C group during the 14th day clinical evaluation. The presence of non-healing parameters was insignificant between three groups. CONCLUSIONS Prophylactic antibiotics following dental extraction is unnecessary until the patient is at a state of high risk of infection. Thereby, as a dentist we could combat a step towards a developing major public health problem, “Antibiotic Resistance”. KEY WORDS Drug Resistance, Tooth Extraction, Drug Utilization, Antibiotic Awareness, Prophylaxis

Yield and quality performance of bottle gourd [Lagenaria siceraria (Mol.) Standl.] genotypes in humid tropical lowland of Kerala

The present investigation was carried out at the Department of Vegetable Science, College of Agriculture, Kerala Agricultural University, Vellayani, during 2019-2020 to study the performance of bottle gourd genotypes. Among the genotypes, the BG-3 recorded the lower most node to fruit production (13.7) and highest fruit set per cent (43.4%). BG-2 was earliest to first fruit harvest (57.8 days). IC 371745 recorded longer fruit length (68.8 cm) which was at par with IC 538142 (62.2 cm). Genotype IC417704 recorded maximum fruit diameter and flesh thickness (15.97 cm and 12.56 cm). Genotype IC 331101 recorded the lowest rind thickness (1.69 mm) and IC 536593 recorded the highest fruit weight (2.41 kg). Tvpm Local recorded highest number of fruits per vine (6) followed by Pant Lauki-4 (4.3). The highest fruit yield was recoeded in Tvpm Local (43.98 t ha-1) with crop duration of 129.4 days. The highest TSS and ascorbic acid content were noted in the BG-3 (2.5°B) and IC398545 (12.0 mg 100-1 g), respectively. Based on the mean yield performance of the genotypes and selection index score IC 536593, Tvpm Local and Pant lauki-4 were best performing genotypes.