Newly synthesized Ionic Liquids as potent lubricants and additives to existing lubricant oils

Ionic Liquids are promising candidates for next generation green lubricants. We have synthesized 39 Tetraalkylammonium Alkyl Ether Carboxylate Ionic Liquids and tested them for their lubricant capabilities. We measured friction coefficient to assess the transition from the boundary to the hydrodynamic lubrication, the hydrodynamic area and the minimum friction value. Some Ionic Liquids are capable of forming a hydrodynamic layer fully separating two specimens. Compounds with short C-chain of the cationic part show poor tribological behaviour. Similarly, increasing the PO-degree of the anionic part lowers the lubrication power. An increase of the C-chain length improves the tribological behaviour, i.e. the minimum friction value becomes lower. This is due to the formation of a uniform tribolayer of the long-chain carboxylic acids. Higher viscosity of the Ionic Liquids results in low friction coefficients and the development of a hydrodynamic layer. This is due to a strong hydrodynamic pressure, which is formed by the more viscous compound. Addition of small amounts of Ionic Liquids to low performance oils increases their capability to from tribolayers and thus improves their lubricant capability.

Synthesis, structure and computational study of 5-[(prop-2-en-1-yl)sulfanyl]-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-amine (Pesta) and its heterometallic π,σ-complex [Cu2FeCl2(Pesta)4][FeCl4]

Copper(I) π-coordination compounds with allyl derivatives of azoles are an interesting subject of current research, but CuI π-complexes with other transition-metal ions incorporated in the structure have been virtually uninvestigated. The present work is directed toward the synthesis and structural characterization of the novel heterometallic CuI/FeII π-complex di-μ2-chlorido-1:2κ2 Cl;2:3κ2 Cl-tetrakis[μ2-5-(prop-2-en-1-ylsulfanyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-amine]-1:2κ2 N 4:N 3;1(η2),κN 4:2κN 3;2:3κ2 N 3:N 4;2κN 3:3(η2),κN 4-dicopper(I)iron(II) tetrachloridoferrate(II), [Cu2FeCl2(C5H7N3S2)4][FeCl4] (1). The structure of the 5-[(prop-2-en-1-yl)sulfanyl]-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-amine (Pesta, C5H7N3S2) ligand is also presented. The cationic substructure in 1 consists of one FeII and two CuI ions bridged by two chloride ions along with two σ,σ- and two π,σ-coordinated ligands, whereas the anionic part is built of isolated tetrahedral [FeCl4]2− ions. π-Coordination of the Pesta allyl group to the CuI ions prevents agglomeration of the inorganic Cu–Cl–Fe–Cl–Cu part into infinate chains. An energy framework computational analysis was performed for Pesta.

1,5-Phosphonium betaines from N-triflylpropiolamides, triphenylphosphane, and active methylene compounds

N-Phenyl-N-(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)propiolamides react with triphenylphosphane in the presence of various active methylene compounds CH2XY in a 1:1:1 molar ratio to furnish 1-phosphonium-5-oxabetaines, Ph3P+–C(R)=CH–C(O–)=CXY. These betaines are formed preferentially, but not exclusively, as E-diastereoisomers with respect to the vinylic double bond. In some cases, separation of the two diastereoisomers was achieved by fractionating crystallization. Structure determination by X-ray diffraction analysis revealed marked conformational differences around the CH–C(O–) single bond of E and Z-isomers and extended charge delocalization in the anionic part.

Synthesis and Characterization of a New Aluminum-Doped Bismuth Subcarbonate

A new compound, Bi2O2CO3:Al, was synthesized by the coprecipitation method. The characterization was done by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), electronic scanning microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The characterization methods allowed to identify the Bi2O2CO3:Al compound, such as the Al-doped Bi2O2CO3 by XRD, the anionic part (CO32−) by FTIR, and the presence of aluminum in the compound by XPS and EDX. It was confirmed to have a nanostructure like a nanosheet and a microstructure that resembles a type sponge by SEM.

Selective binding and dynamics of imidazole alkyl sulfate ionic liquids with human serum albumin and collagen – a detailed NMR investigation

STD NMR and selective spin-relaxation analysis evidenced the selective binding (anionic part) of imidazole alkyl sulfate ionic liquids with proteins (HSA and collagen). These studies also enabled the ionic liquids to be ranked based on their binding affinities with the proteins of study.

Synthesis and characterization of [Fe(NCCH3)6][cis-Fe(InX3)2(CO)4] (X = Cl, Br, I) containing two terminal indium fragments

The first example of iron complexes containing two Fe–In covalent bonds, [Fe(NCCH3)6][cis-Fe(InX3)2(CO)4] (X = Cl:1, Br:2, I:3), were synthesized and the bonding mode of the Fe–In bonds in the anionic part was investigated using57Fe Mössbauer and IR spectroscopy.

Esterification of carboxylic acids with alkyl halides using imidazolium based dicationic ionic liquids containing bis-trifluoromethane sulfonimide anions at room temperature

Task-specific RTILs of symmetrical N-methylimidazolium rings linked to an oligo (ethylene glycol) chain (cationic part) and bis-trifluoromethane sulfonimide (anionic part) were synthesized, and the physicochemical properties with catalytic activity were determined.

Darstellung, strukturelle und spektroskopische Charakterisierung eines Pentaiodids [Rb(12-Krone-4)2]I5 / Preparation, Structural and Spectroscopic Characterization of a Pentaiodide [Rb(12-Crown-4)2]I5

Dark-green crystals of [Rb(12-crown-4)2]I5 were obtained by the reaction of stoichiometric amounts of RbI, I2 and 12-crown-4 from an ethanol=methanol solution (monoclinic space group P21=n with Z = 4, a = 8:9200(10), b = 24:069(2), c = 13:9950(10) Å and β = 91:984(9)°). The crystal structure contains one independent formula unit consisting of the polyiodide and the cation. The anionic part of the structure is an isolated, V-shaped pentaiodide I5-. The cation is a sandwich complex with two 12-crown-4-molecules surrounding the alkali metal atom