KETAHANAN LIMA JENIS KAYU TERHADAP SERANGAN DELAPAN JENIS JAMUR PELAPUK

Kayu kurang dikenal yang berasal dari hutan alam saat ini merupakan alternatif bahan baku yang digunakan oleh industri perkayuan nasional. Optimalisasi pemanfaatan kayu kelompok ini memerlukan informasi mengenai ketahanan terhadap serangan jamur pelapuk dari setiap jenis kayu yang digunakan. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan pengujian ketahanan lima jenis kayu kurang dikenal bagian gubal dan teras, dan pengkaratan logam yang berikatan dengan kayu diuji terhadap jamur menggunakan metode Kolle-flask. Kelarutan kayu dalam NaOH 1% dianalisis mengacu pada standar ASTM D 1110-84. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Albizia sp. dan Syzygium sp. diklasifikasikan dalam kelompok kayu-tahan (kelas II), Santiria sp. dan Lithocarpus ewyckii termasuk kayu agak-tahan (kelas III), dan Xanthophyllum excelsum termasuk kayu tidak-tahan (kelas IV). Kehilangan berat terbesar terjadi pada kayu gubal, Xanthophyllum excelsum yang diumpankan kepada Pycnoporus sanguineus. Rata-rata kehilangan berat kayu teras lebih rendah (termasuk kelas II) dibandingkan dengan kehilangan berat kayu gubal (Kelas III). Kehilangan berat tertinggi dari kayu yang berikatan dengan sekrup dijumpai pada kayu Syzygium sp. yang disekrup dan diumpankan kepada Polyporus sp. Rata-rata kehilangan berat kayu yang disekrup lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kayu tanpa sekrup, sedangkan kehilangan berat tertinggi dari sekrup yang telah berikatan dengan kayu terjadi pada Xanthophyllum excelsum kemudian Syzygium sp. yang diumpankan pada jamur Polyporus arcularius. Didapatkan bubuk karat terbanyak dalam kayu Syzygium sp. yang diumpankan kepada jamur Polyporus arcularius. Lima jenis jamur memiliki kemampuan sedang dan tiga jenis lainnya berkemampuan rendah dalam melapukkan kayu. Pengaruh jamur dalam pengkaratan sekrup semuanya rendah.

Contribution to the macromycetes of West Bengal, India: 63–68

West Bengal, a significant landmass of eastern India with its varied topography, edaphic, and climatic conditions facilitates diversified forest types and conducive microhabitats for a wide array of macro-fungal wealth and the members of Aphyllophorales in particular. Detailed macro-microscopic characterizations and chemical reactions were performed to systematically identify the specimens using standard key and literatures. Six members of Aphyllophorales collected from different parts of West Bengal, India and four species belonging to the family Polyporaceae [Hexagonia tenuis (Fr.) Fr., Polyporus arcularius (Batsch) Fr., P. tricholoma Mont. and Lenzites elegans (Spreng.) Pat.] were identified, and a single species was identified under Meripiliaceae [Physisporinus lineatus (Pers.) F. Wu, Jia J. Chen & Y.C. Dai] and Meruliaceae [Bjerkandera fumosa (Pers.) P. Karst.]. The detailed description along with field and herbarium photographs, macro-morphology, and microscopic features of six species are provided in this article.

KEANEKARAGAMAN DAN POTENSI JAMUR MAKRO DI KAWASAN SUAKA MARGASATWA BUKIT RIMBANG BUKIT BALING (SMBRBB) PROPINSI RIAU, SUMATERA

The Bukit Rimbang Bukit Baling Wildlife Reserve Area (SMBRBB) Riau is one of the areas that has the characteristics of lowland rainforest types with high biodiversity, so it is possible to find many macro fungi, but there is no data on macrofungi diversity. This research was conducted with the aim of obtaining diversity data and potential data on macrofungi, both as food ingredients and as medicinal ingredients. This study uses a searching method that is modified by the path method using sample plots. 138 macrofungi species were obtained, which included 52 genera, 37 families and 3 phyla. Macrofungi diversity index at this location is relatively moderate, and high uniformity index. 66 species potentially as medicinal ingredients, including Amauroderma rugosum, Ganoderma aplanatum, Ganoderma lucidum, Lentinus sajo-caju, Lentinus squamolosus, Cymatoderma elegans, Daldinea concentrica, Microporus xantopus, M. afinitis, Pycnoporus cinnabarius, Polyporus arcularius, Rigidoporus microporus, Rigidoporus microporus, Trametes versikularis, and Xylaria longipes. As many as 32 species have potential as food ingredients, including Auricularia auricula, Auricularia delicata, Auricularia polytricha, Cookeina sulcipes, Phallus indusiatus, Lentinus sajor-caju, Lentinus squamolosus, Pleurotus ostreatus, Schizophyllum commune, Tramella fuciformis, and Volvariellavolvacea. Keywords: cultivation, diversity, food, makrofungi, medicine.

Polyporus Fr. (Polyporaceae) no Parque Estadual das Fontes do Ipiranga, São Paulo, SP, Brasil

Foi realizado levantamento das espécies de Polyporus que ocorrem no Parque Estadual das Fontes do Ipiranga (PEFI), Município de São Paulo, Estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Foram identificadas oito espécies: Polyporus arcularius (Batsch) Fr., P dictyopus Mont., P guianensis Mont., P. lentinoides (Henn.) Lloyd, P philippinensis Berk., P tenuiculus (P. Beauv.) Fr., P. tricholoma Mont. e P udus Jungh. Polyporus philippinensis e P udus são novas citações para o Estado de São Paulo. São apresentadas chave de identificação das espécies, descrição, ilustração e comentários para cada táxon estudado.