KELOR (Moringa oleifera Lam.): PEMANFAATAN DAN BIOAKTIVITAS

Moringa oleifera Lam. (MO) is one of the plants that has been widely known its use by Indonesians which is calledKelor. MO belongs to Moringaceae family. Kelor is a useful plant that widely used as medicinal plants and ediblefood that it is called as an Amazing Tree dan The Miracle Tree. Moringa oleifera has several pharmacologicalpotentials, which are anti-microbial, antioxidant, nutritional food, anti-cancer and anti-diabetic. The writing ofthis article collects information on the use of ethnobotanical Moringa oleifera plants and the results of their testcontent. It is hoped that this information would become information to determine the other potential of Moringaoleifera as a source of both traditional and modern medicines. Keywords: amazing tree, moringa tea, anti-diabetic, malnutrition, anti-cancer

PENGARUH EKSTRAK DAUN KUNYIT (Curcuma longa Linn.) SEBAGAI INSEKTISIDA ELEKTRIK TERHADAP MORTALITAS NYAMUK Culex sp. L.

Mosquito Culex sp. L. is a vector of elephantiasis disease, prevention effort of elephantiasis vector is usually done by using chemical and natural insecticide. In the leaves of turmeric can be used as a natural insecticide in the prevention of elephantiasis vector disease. The objectives of this research are (1) to know the effect of turmeric extract ((Curcuma longa Linn.) As electrical insecticide to mortality of Culex sp. L. (2) To know the concentration of turmeric extract (Curcuma longa Linn.) Which is effective to be used as an electric insecticide against mortality of Culex sp. L. expressed by the toxicity test of LC50 and LT50. The method used in this research is an experimental method with Completely Randomized Design (RAL) which consists of 5 treatments and 4 replications. Based on research result of turmeric extract (Curcuma longa Linn.) Have a very significant effect on mortality of Culex sp. L. with sig value 0,000 <sig value. 0.05. The probit analysis of LC50 of turmeric leaves extract on mortality of Culex sp. L. is 44, 840 ml, meaning that at that concentration has occurred 50% mortality of total mosquito. The probit analysis of LT50 turmeric leaves extract on mortality of Culex sp. L. for 1.825 hours. Keywords: turmeric leaves extract, mortality Culex sp. L. mosquito

KELIMPAHAN DAN KEANEKARAGAMAN KUPU-KUPU DI KECAMATAN TUGUMULYO KABUPATEN MUSI RAWAS

This study aims to determine the abundance and diversity of butterflies in Tugumulyo District, Musi Rawas Regency. The study uses exploratory survey methods. Sampling is carried out from 8:00 to 10:00 and 14:00 to 17:00. Butterflies are captured using insect nets. Butterflies obtained are preserved dry to be identified and made into an insectarium. Identification of insects based on the key to determination. Research data includes butterfly species, the number of each species. Data is processed to determine the value of relative abundance, diversity index, dominance and evenness. The results showed that in Tugumulyo Subdistrict there were 49 species, belonging to 5 families: Papilionidae, Nymphalidae, Lycaenidae, Hesperidae and Pieridae. The butterfly species which has the highest abundance is Hympolimnas bolina Linnaeus (Nymphalidae), with a relative abundance of 9.79%. Butterfly ecology index in Tugumulyo District: diversity index 3.19, dominance 0.82 and evenness 1.0. Keywords: Abundance, Diversity, Butterflies

HEPATOSOMATIK INDEKS DAN DIAMETER HEPATOSIT MENCIT (Mus musculus L.) BETINA SETELAH PAPARAN EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN MIMBA (Azadirachta indica Juss.)

Neem leaves is one part of the neem tree which can be used as a traditional medicinal herb. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of neem leaf ethanol extract on hepatosomatic index (HSI) and hepatocyte diameter in female mice. The study used a Complete Randomized Design consist of 4 treatments and 5 replications including K (aquadest), P1, P2 and P3 (neem leaf ethanol extract with dose of 8.4,11.2 and 14 mg/ kg BW/day. The treatment was administered orally with a volume of 0.2 mL for 21 days. Body weight were measured every 7 days. The liver was isolated, weighed and histologically prepared with paraffin method, HE staining and 5 μm incision thickness. HSI value determined from body weight and liver weight. Hepatocyte diameter were measured on 7 hepatocytes per lobule. The data was analyzed using ANOVA at 95% confidence level. The results showed that neem leaf ethanol extract had no significant effect (p> 0,05) on body weight, liver weight, HSI value and hepatocyte diameter, but the liver microanatomy showed hepatocyte damage. It can be concluded that exposure of neem leaf ethanol extract for 21 days still safe to be used for reference of traditional medicine. Keywords: Neem leaf, HSI, hepatocyte diameter

MANAJAMEN TANAMAN DI NURSERI KRANGGAN, BEKASI, JAWA BARAT

Nurseri is a location for seedling, maintenance, selling and purchasing of various types of plants found in big cities including Jabodetabek. This study aims to reveal nurseri management in the Kranggan area to support the sustainability and development of the nurseri. This research was conducted by intensively interviewing all owners (6 persons). Kranggan Nurseri has an area of ​​100-500 m2 with the number of managers between 2-8 persons, depending on the area and the volume of plants being traded. Nurseri owners and managers apply various managements in the seedlings, maintenance, placement, and selection of plant species by considering the volume and the processing time. Many consumers purchase due to the small size, easy maintenance and seedling. Management knowledge is gained from the experience during trading or information exchange with other nurseri traders or managers. Plant placement in the nurseri is adjusted to the needs of light, habitus, aesthetics, and plant canopies. Korean banyan (Ficus compacta) is very potential to be developed in the yard because it has attractive leaf, branching, fruit and canopy characteristics but it does not require extensive land so it is believed to have good prospect to be traded with high economic value in nurseries. Keywords: Ficus compacta, nurseries, management, Bekasi

KEANEKARAGAMAN DAN POTENSI JAMUR MAKRO DI KAWASAN SUAKA MARGASATWA BUKIT RIMBANG BUKIT BALING (SMBRBB) PROPINSI RIAU, SUMATERA

The Bukit Rimbang Bukit Baling Wildlife Reserve Area (SMBRBB) Riau is one of the areas that has the characteristics of lowland rainforest types with high biodiversity, so it is possible to find many macro fungi, but there is no data on macrofungi diversity. This research was conducted with the aim of obtaining diversity data and potential data on macrofungi, both as food ingredients and as medicinal ingredients. This study uses a searching method that is modified by the path method using sample plots. 138 macrofungi species were obtained, which included 52 genera, 37 families and 3 phyla. Macrofungi diversity index at this location is relatively moderate, and high uniformity index. 66 species potentially as medicinal ingredients, including Amauroderma rugosum, Ganoderma aplanatum, Ganoderma lucidum, Lentinus sajo-caju, Lentinus squamolosus, Cymatoderma elegans, Daldinea concentrica, Microporus xantopus, M. afinitis, Pycnoporus cinnabarius, Polyporus arcularius, Rigidoporus microporus, Rigidoporus microporus, Trametes versikularis, and Xylaria longipes. As many as 32 species have potential as food ingredients, including Auricularia auricula, Auricularia delicata, Auricularia polytricha, Cookeina sulcipes, Phallus indusiatus, Lentinus sajor-caju, Lentinus squamolosus, Pleurotus ostreatus, Schizophyllum commune, Tramella fuciformis, and Volvariellavolvacea. Keywords: cultivation, diversity, food, makrofungi, medicine.

POTENSI DAN STATUS KONSERVASI IKAN DI BENDUNGAN LAKITAN KABUPATEN MUSI RAWAS, PROVINSI SUMATERA SELATAN

This study aims to determine the potential and conservation status of fish in Lakitan Dam Musi Rawas Regency. This research was conducted in February until April 2018. The location of the research was determined by using purposive sampling technique. The samples were collected by using scatter nets and the subsequent identification was done in the Biology Laboratory of STKIP PGRI Lubuklinggau. Conservation status data is determined by IUCN Redlist while fish potential data is obtained from interview with the surrounding community. A total of 17 fish species were found during the study, divided into categories not evaluated 8 species (47%), 8 species (47%) least concern and 1 species (6%) data deficient. While the potential of fish as fish consumption as many as 12 species (62%), 3 species (23%) ornamental fish as well as fish consumption and ornamental fish as many as 2 species (15%). Keywords: Lakitan Dam, Potential Fish, Conservation Status

TEKNIK PEMBIBITAN, PEMUPUKAN, DAN PENGENDALIAN HAMA PENYAKIT TANAMAN KOMODITI JERUK SIAM (Citrus nobilis var. microcarpa) DI KECAMATAN SIMPANG EMPAT DAN KECAMATAN PAYUNG, KABUPATEN KARO, SUMATRA UTARA, INDONESIA

Citrus is one of the horticultural commodities that has been a focus of development in 2018. Citrus is the fourth largest commodity in the percentage of Indonesia fruit production in 2014. In 2014, citrus fruit production in Indonesia was 1,785,256 tons or around 9.01% of national fruit production. Karo Regency is a citrus production center in North Sumatra, Indonesia. According to the Direktorat Jendral Hortikultura (2015) the production of citrus commodities was 173.921 tons (53,30%). In 2014, there were 3,150,060 productive citrus trees with a harvested area of ​​7,875 ha and a production of 500,243 tons in North Sumatra. One of the varieties grown by farmers in Karo Regency is Siam. High productivity of siam is certainly also influenced by seedlings, fertilization and controlling the pests. To determine this, research has been conducted on farmers in Simpang Empat and Payung Districts, Karo Regency, North Sumatra, Indonesia. To get quality Siam seeds, farmers in two research locations used Japansche citroen plants as rootstock because they were resistant to disease and drought. Fertilization of siam uses inorganic fertilizer as much as 3-4 months, while organic fertilizer as much as 10 months. The control of pests of siam citrus is done mechanically and chemically. Pests and diseases that usually attack siam are Bractocera spp, black lice, fruit borers, fungus and powdery mildew. Keywords: cultivation, seedling, fertilizer, pest, productivity, orange, Citrus nobilis

PENDEKATAN JELAJAH ALAM SEKITAR (JAS) PADA MATA KULIAH SISTEMATIKA HEWAN

The research objective is to describe the Jelajah Alam Sekitar (JAS) approach in Sistematika Hewan. It also to know the students ' respond of learning with the Jelajah Alam Sekitar (JAS) approach. Beside that, the research objective is to know the students' interest to the Jelajah Alam Sekitar (JAS) approach. The research is a descriptive quantitative study which uses survey and literature study method. The learning activities with the Jelajah Alam Sekitar (JAS) approach in Sistematika hewan are 1) group discussion, 2) field study, 3) practicum, 4) instructional games, 5) lecturing method, 6) project/ task giving, 7) final exam / test, and 8) practical responses. The students' response to learning by the Jelajah Alam Sekitar (JAS) approach is 89% in good category (good and very good). Students' interest with the Jelajah Alam Sekitar (JAS) approach is 96% in interest category (interest and very interest).Keywords: Jelajah Alam Sekiar (JAS), learning approach, students’ response, students’ interest