Abstract
PURPOSE
Glioma is often refractory. Histopathologic examination is essential to establish an initial diagnosis, and multiple imaging studies are conducted to assess the treatment response. However, these conventional approaches are usually accompanied by high risks and costs during treatment. The purpose of this study was to identify a novel, noninvasive, candidate biomarker for the histological prediction and prognostic assessment of glioma.
METHODS
Serum was prepared from blood samples collected preoperatively from 65 patients with WHO grade II–IV glioma between October 2004 and December 2017 in a single tertiary-level institution. The concentration of amyloid beta-42 (Aβ42) was measured by SMCxPRO (Merck) immunoassay. The clinical characteristics and histologic features of the patients, including the molecular subtype, were reviewed. Progression-free survival was evaluated as the primary outcome.
RESULTS
The mean age of the patients was 53.7 ± 12.2 years. Thirty-seven (56.9%) patients were male, and 21 (32.3%) patients had primary tumors. In Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, the group with higher serum Aβ42 (> 5.7 pg/ml) showed a poorer outcome (p = 0.014). In multivariate regression analysis, the serum Aβ42 concentration showed a significant association with EGFR expression and the Ki-67 labeling index. A higher serum Aβ42 concentration was associated with wild-type EGFR expression (odds ratio 0.237, p = 0.022), increased cell proliferation (β = 0.339, p = 0.007) and a poor outcome (hazard ratio 0.339, p = 0.046).
CONCLUSION
The serum Aβ42 level would be a good, noninvasive, candidate biomarker for the prediction of histological features and prognosis in glioma patients. Further studies with large cohorts might be required for its clinical use.