Numerical analysis of the deep soil failure mechanism for perimeter pile groups

In this paper, the lateral limiting pressure offered by the deep ‘flow-around’ soil failure mechanism for perimeter (ring) pile groups in undrained soil is explored using two−dimensional finite element modelling. A parametric study investigates the role of group configuration, pile−soil adhesion, group size, pile spacing and load direction on group capacity and corresponding soil failure mechanisms. The finite element output show that the plan group configuration (square or circular) has a negligible influence on lateral capacity for closely spaced perimeter pile groups. When compared to ‘full’ square pile groups with the same number of piles, the present results suggest that for practical pile spacing (≳ two pile diameters), perimeter groups do not necessarily increase capacity efficiency, particularly if the piles are smooth. Nevertheless, perimeter groups are shown to be characterized by both the invariance of their capacity to the direction of loading and their highly uniform load-sharing between piles, which are beneficial features to optimize design.

Driver Behavior When Overtaking Cyclists Riding in Different Group Configurations on Two-Lane Rural Roads

The presence of cyclists on Spanish rural roads is ever increasing and currently frequent, and thus becoming a serious safety concern. In rural environments, the risk of a crash is higher than in rural areas. The main cause is the higher speed of motor vehicles during overtaking manoeuvres. This manoeuvre is especially challenging when cyclists ride in groups as they may change size, length, shape, and speed along their route. These variables and those related to road cross-section can influence driver behaviour when overtaking a group of cyclists. To study this, instrumented bicycles were used to ride along five road segments with different geometric and traffic characteristics. Cyclists rode individually and in groups. Overtaking was evaluated by analysing the lateral distance, the speed, and other characteristics of the manoeuvre. Wider roads presented higher lateral clearances and overtaking speeds. Narrower roads had a high opposing lane invasion but a high level of compliance with the minimum lateral clearance. A higher clearance and lower speed of overtaking vehicles was registered when cyclists rode in line. Compliance with the 1.5 m clearance depended on the group configuration, being higher when cyclists rode in line. However, overtaking cyclists riding two abreast presented more accelerative manoeuvres, especially on narrow roads.

The Effectiveness of Giving Rosella and Celery Flowers on Hypertension in the Elderly

Hypertension is known as the silent killer because it cannot be predicted and kills slowly. It is estimated that one in 7 causes of death is caused by hypertension (7 million per year). Hypertension can be prevented and maintained by consuming herbal medicines, one of which is rosella and celery. In this analysis, the efficacy of the rosella and hypertension celery mixture in the Matraman sub-district of Puskesmas, was determined. The method of study was pre-test and post-testing with control experimental one-group configuration. The sample size was 05 people and computerized statistical tools used to analyze t combined with. Results showed a blend of rosella and celery infusion, but this was not important, as regional pressure decreased both systole and diastole. Significant systole and diastole values 0.196 and 0.308 > 0.05 are indicated in this context.

QUELQUES RAMIFICATIONS TANGIBLES DE LA SOCIABILITÉ EN LIGNE: UN RAPPORT ENTRE VIE RÉELLE ET VIE VIRTUELLE DANS WORLD OF WARCRAFT

This one-off, largely exploratory study seeks to answer questions that map several basic phenomena of online sociability, in order to be able to have a basis for a possible analysis of the external cultural reception of an entity formed in a theoretically different culture – the Romanian culture. By going through the empirical inventory of some common typologies of online gamers, by means of randomized, anonymous interviews with players, our final goal (and hope) was to sketch a relationship between social capital and group configuration, within an internal community of the online game (MMORPG) World of Warcraft.

Two new species of Diaphorocellus Simon, 1893 from Madagascar (Araneae, Palpimanidae)

Two new species of the palpimanid genus Diaphorocellus Simon, 1893, D. isalosp. nov. (♂♀), and D. jocqueisp. nov. (♂♀), are described from central and eastern parts of Madagascar, respectively. Along with D. rufus (Tullgren, 1910), these new species can be distinguished from other congeners by possessing a finely and densely spotted colouration of the abdomen. They differ from one another, as well from D. rufus, by the eye group configuration and by the structure of the male and female copulatory organs. Diagnoses and illustrations presenting the diagnostic characters of D. isalosp. nov. and D. jocqueisp. nov. are provided. The genus now includes six African species.

Efisiensi Tiang Group Konfigurasi 2x2 Fondasi Helical Pile pada Tanah Gambut

Installation of helical pile foundations in different formations and distances will provide different bearing capacities in peat soils. For this reason, a correction value to the bearing capacity of the pile group is required, which is stated with efficiency. This paper aims to analyze the bearing capacity of the helical pile group configuration 2x2 with variations in the distance between the piles of 1.5D, 2.0D, 2.5D, & 3.0D on peat soils, as well as obtaining the efficiency values from the bearing capacity and from the Converse–Laberre formula. The analysis shows the efficiency of the pile for the distance between the 1.5D pile is 0.99, the distance of 2.0 D is 0.93, the distance of 2.5D is 0.86, and the distance of 3.0D is 0.79. The efficiency obtained from the Converse-Laberre formula for a distance of 1.5D is 0.44, a distance of 2.0D is 0.56, a distance of 2.5D is 0.64 and a distance of 3.0D is 0.70.

The performance of hydraulic jump over rough bed stilling basin consisting of cubic-shape elements

Three groups of cubic roughness elements non-protruding to the flow were fixed with a specific configuration at the downstream of a stream lined lib sluice gate. The aim was to test the performance of the hydraulic jump under using such elements as appurtenances of stilling basin. The experimental works has been conducting to test; four different intensities, I=8%, 10%, 12% and 16%; three width to height ratios, We/he=0.75, 1.5 and 2; and three length to height ratios, Le/he=0.75, 2 and 4, of cubic elements made from waterproof stiff rubber. The test was performed under the incoming Froude number; F1 ranged between 2.7 to 9. After analysing the experimental data one from the second group configuration gives a higher reduction of sequent depth ratio, y2/y1 as compared with the depth ratio of the un-forced hydraulic jump which calculated by Belanger equation, this decreases arrived 20%. Also greater relative energy has been dissipated, and the gain in dissipation (%GED) ranged between 10.8-22.3%.