BIOPHYSICAL BASIS OF THE OCCURRENCE OF SYRINGOMELIA: MODERN VIEWS

This article provides a literature review on the biomechanical basis of syringomyelia. It is shown that the presence of the syrinx and biophysical bases of fluids in the body explain some aspects of this nosology. The work of many scientists on syringomyelia made it possible to conclude that the wave movement of fluid and the viscous state of the medium, according to Hooke's law, tend to move from a higher voltage to a lower one, since the currents created by our body allow us to rationally use energy. However, with syringomyelia, the biophysical balance is disturbed and cavities are created inside the spinal cord, which has extremely negative consequences on the human body.

Application of manganous limestone as a fluxing addition at pellets production

Usage of non-fluxed pellets in blast furnaces results in blocking of hearth coke filling, decreasing of blast furnaces productivity and increasing of coke rate. The wide range of plastic-viscous state and non-sufficient filterability of pellets slag portion through the coke filling are the main reasons of the consequences. Fluxed pellets have narrower interval of plastic-viscous state and better filterability of pellets slag portion through the coke filling. Their utilization enables to decrease the gas-dynamic resistance of blast furnace cohesion zone, to eliminate progressive hearth blocking, to intensify the hot metal production process and to increase its economic efficiency. In 70–80thof the previous century attempts were made to substitute the bentonite in burden at pellets production by hydrated lime and burnt lime, by marl, by nontronite clay, by red sludge and other additives, combining properties of the raw pellets strengthening and fluxing. But the methods listed were not implemented practically, in particular, because of difficulties in those two properties effective combining. Last years a new raw material appeared at the fluxes market – the manganous limestone. Manganese oxide, contained in it, decreases the sinter smelting temperature, calcium carbonate acts as a flux, while water and physical properties of the limestone improve the increase of the burden lump-forming capacity and sinter strength. The aim of the study was to check the manganous limestone influence on the production process and raw pellets strength, change of roasting parameters and strength of roasted pellets, as well as change of high-temperature properties of fluxed pellets made of Stojlensky GOK concentrates. The study were carried out in laboratory conditions by usage of Dash-Salakhlin bentonite and manganous limestone. The results of laboratory study of both raw and roasted pellets, obtained at utilization of manganous limestone as a fluxing additive to burden, showed, that their physical and mechanical properties are higher and metallurgical properties are higher, compared with non-fluxed pellets.

Information technology in the modeling of fast nonlinear processes (on the example of interaction of submunitions with biological tissue)

The monograph is devoted to the problem of mathematical modeling of process of interaction of the bullet with the block simulator with a finite element method that enables the assessment of the damaging effect of bullets at the design stage, the development of neural network based on the evaluation of those factors on the parameters of the damaging effect of bullets provides a characterization of the striking element on the stages of the pilot study, conceptual design and technical design and development of methods for the assessment of the damaging effect of bullets of small arms ammunition, taking into account elastico viscous state of the target.

Observation of viscosity transition in <i>α</i>-pinene secondary organic aerosol

Under certain conditions, secondary organic aerosol (SOA) particles can exist in the atmosphere in an amorphous solid or semi-solid state. To determine their relevance to processes such as ice nucleation or chemistry occurring within particles requires knowledge of the temperature and relative humidity (RH) range for SOA to exist in these states. In the Cosmics Leaving Outdoor Droplets (CLOUD) experiment at The European Organisation for Nuclear Research (CERN), we deployed a new in situ optical method to detect the viscous state of α-pinene SOA particles and measured their transition from the amorphous highly viscous state to states of lower viscosity. The method is based on the depolarising properties of laboratory-produced non-spherical SOA particles and their transformation to non-depolarising spherical particles at relative humidities near the deliquescence point. We found that particles formed and grown in the chamber developed an asymmetric shape through coagulation. A transition to a spherical shape was observed as the RH was increased to between 35 % at −10 °C and 80 % at −38 °C, confirming previous calculations of the viscosity-transition conditions. Consequently, α-pinene SOA particles exist in a viscous state over a wide range of ambient conditions, including the cirrus region of the free troposphere. This has implications for the physical, chemical, and ice-nucleation properties of SOA and SOA-coated particles in the atmosphere.