Traditional weaving cultures in a global market: The case of Zapotec weavers

Carpets woven in Mexico today use design elements found at historical sites in the vicinity of their manufacture, and local Indigenous weaving techniques function within an unbroken line of traditional familial wisdom. The weaving culture of the Zapotec Nation of Oaxaca now exists at the juncture of multivalent competing visual, economic and cultural mediators, which makes for a compelling case study to examine the impacts of globalization, as well as the preservation of creative and cultural autonomy. This article describes site visits to Zapotec weaving ateliers, and also examines the history of Zapotec weaving traditions, and contemporary community engagement within these (now globalized) processes. The methodology employed is an object-based exploration of a Zapotec weaving. Fieldwork was conducted in the winter of 2019. It included an ethnographic observation of master Zapotec weavers within their ateliers; an observation of the original design inspirations at pre-Columbian architectural sites; artefact observation at the Museo Textil de Oaxaca; as well as practice-led natural dye research. Textile weaving is a natural site for the study of political agency and ‘cultural citizenship’, as it functions within a structure that safeguards traditional knowledge, as well as collectivizes local labourers within production flows.

The Present Chapel and its Predecessors

This chapter provides an overview of the Princeton University Chapel. The architects of the Chapel were the firm of Cram and Ferguson of Boston, while the builders were the Matthews Construction Company of Princeton. The general plan of the Princeton Chapel does not differ much from the large parish church or small cathedral typical of the Middle Ages. It consists of a nave of six bays, crossing, transepts, and choir. It recalls the English chapel or abbey tradition in that the choir is unusually large and without aisles. However, any English church of the same size would be certain to have a tower at the west end, or the crossing, or both. Here, the roof runs in an unbroken line from end to end. Another difference is that in a mediaeval building, the architectural aisles would be much wider than at Princeton, where they are used not for seating but merely for passage. The chapter then details the material and dimensions of the Chapel, as well as the interior and exterior sculpture.

Outside-in, Inside-out, and Blended Marketing Strategy Approach: A Longitudinal Case Study

Outside-in, inside-out, and blended marketing strategy perspectives represent an unbroken line of inquiry. Nonetheless, still few studies have empirically explored the distinctive characteristics of these three marketing strategy approaches. This study performs an in-depth retrospective longitudinal case study to explore how outside-in, inside-out, and blended marketing strategy approaches evolved. With this article, we enrich the marketing strategy debate by elucidating the in-depth features of the three approaches. This work also provides practitioners with a useful managerial diagnostic tool through which to identify firms’ marketing strategy approach, and potential mismatches with the environment.

Portraying Devotion

Through patronage, Krishnaraja Wodeyar III and his court constructed a cultural memory of devotion that cemented the identity of the Wodeyar lineage as the “ancient Hindu Rajahs” and displayed the king and his Wodeyar predecessors as ideal king-devotees. To supplement his acts of charity, Krishnaraja III commissioned a host of paintings and sculptures that display the king participating in royal devotional rituals in the palace and worshipping in various important temples throughout the region. These images were placed alongside older sculptures of royal patrons at key pilgrimage sites throughout the Mysore kingdom and identified with former Wodeyar kings, creating a visual genealogy of devotion that permeated the sacred landscape of southern Karnataka and situated the entire Wodeyar lineage in an unbroken line of regional devotionalism. In doing so, Krishnaraja III and his court constructed dynastic continuity through representations of devotion and redefining Indian kingship through a devotional lens.

[320]Some Features of the History of Natural Law

This chapter considers some features of the historical evolution of natural law in order to promote understanding of what actually characterizes natural law thinking as it is known today. It traces the history of natural law back to around 700 BC to demonstrate how natural law theory has essentially remained the same. Its characteristic features are certain modes of thought and expression which in all its phases—magical, religious, and philosophico-metaphysical—are radically different from scientific ones. There is an unbroken line from the magical-animistic belief of primitive man, over dogmatic theology to the great philosophico-metaphysical systems. The principal idea behind all manifestations of this line of thought is a fear of existence and its powers, and the impulse to seek refuge and safety in something absolute.

Mary in the Hymnody of the East

Beginning with a notice of the major Marian hymnal elements in the New Testament text, this study goes on to consider how the most ancient Christian tradition of celebrating the role of the Virgin Mary in the salvific events the Church commemorates at prayer runs on in an unbroken line into the earliest liturgical examples from the Byzantine Greek liturgy. The study exegetes some of the chief liturgical troparia addressed to the Theotokos in the Eastern Orthodox Church ritual books. It analyses some of the more famous and renowned poetic acclamations of the Virgin in Byzantine literary tradition, such as the Sub Tuum Praesidium, the Akathist, and the Nativity Kontakion of Romanos the Melodist, but also goes on to show how the minor Theotokia (or ritual verses in honour of the Virgin), taken from the Divine Liturgy and from the Eastern Church’s Hours of Prayer, all consistently celebrate the Mother of God’s role in the salvific work of Christ in the world.

PHYSICAL EDUCATION TEACHERS AS REFLECTIVE PRACTITIONERS AND ACTION RESEARCHERS IN THEIR WORK

Physical education classes are peculiar in their character in comparison to classes of other school subjects since they are not taught in a classroom. However, it certainly does not mean that physical education teachers should not reflect on their practical work or analyse it. This process of reflective thinking represents a particular challenge and responsibility for physical education teachers. Therefore, the goal of this research is to determine the way in which they approach this issue, i.e. whether physical education teachers are reflective practitioners and action researchers. The paper used a descriptive method and scaling technique, as well as a Likert type scale (FVAI) scales, designed for the purpose of this research, which examined the teachers' attitudes about physical education in the context of reflexive practice and action research. The survey was conducted on a sample of 405 respondents in relation to independent variables of the type of school (primary and secondary) and years of service (0-10; 11-20; over 20 years of work experience). This research has shown that teachers are partially informed about action research and its application, whereas they highly value all the aspects of reflective teaching. This research contributes to the affirmation of action research since reflection and action are linked in physical education teaching by means of a continuous, unbroken line which further encourages teachers to reflect on their own practice. Teachers who are reflective practitioners are simultaneously action researchers. This research has proven the existence of a statistically significant connection between the reflectivity components of physical education teachers and the stage of education (school) in which they teach and years of teaching experience, p<0.05.

Balancing the budget: can the Swiss debt brake end endless U.S. deficits?

The United States is the world’s leading issuer of treasury bonds, and according to current forecasts there is no end in sight to annual budget deficits. Evidence strongly suggests that persistent deficits are closely associated with depressed growth, raising the possibility that a permanent end to U.S. deficits would permanently increase the country’s economic growth. However, with nearly a half-century long, almost unbroken line of deficits it is unlikely that Congress will rise to the occasion and end borrowing on its own. Suggesting that the United States needs budget-balancing regulations, possibly at the constitutional level, this paper explores two types of balanced-budget measures: deficit-elimination and debt-capping.

Aplikasi Permainan Gomoku dengan Algoritma Negamax dan Alpha-Beta Search

Permainan Gomoku adalah permainan dari jepang oleh dua orang yang dimainkan di atas papan Go. Go berarti lima, dan Moku adalah kata untuk batu yang berada di atas papan go dan narabe berarti berturut-turut. Pemain membuat aturan Renju agar permainan menjadi lebih variasi. Setiap pemain dapat mengetahui persis bagaimana posisi lawan dan pilihan langkah yang tersedia, berbeda halnya dengan permainan kartu, yang hanya dapat mengetahui kartu yang ada di tangan saja. Pemenangnya adalah pemain pertama yang mendapatkan 5 baris batu yang tidak terputus secara horizontal, vertikal, atau diagonal. Mencari pohon Negamax mengimplementasikan gagasan bahwa lebih buruk balasan lawan terbaik adalah, semakin baik Anda bergerak dan Alpa-Beta Search akan menganggap bahwa lawan adalah rasional ; yaitu , lawan bisa menghitung bergerak sebaik yang kita bisa, dan lawan akan selalu memilih langkah optimal dengan asumsi bahwa kita juga akan bermain dengan sempurna. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah aplikasi permainan Gomoku yang dapat dimainkan pemain melawan komputer, juga komputer melawan komputer. Di mana daerah paling sudut di papan catur adalah daerah yang paling menguntungkan untuk setiap pemain. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian, didapatkan bahwa penggunaan metode Negamax dan dapat memberikan solusi pencarian langkah terbaik. Untuk mengetahui pemenang pada setiap permainan adalah dengan dengan jumlah biji hitam, maka pemenangnya adalah pemain dengan biji putih.Gomoku game is a game from Japan which is played by two men on the Go board. Go means five, and Moku is the word for a stone that is placed on the board and go narabe mean respectively. Renju players make the rules so that the game becomes more varied. Each player can know exactly the opponent position and move options available, unlike the card game, which can only know that the card is in the hand alone. The winner is the first player to get 5 stones unbroken line horizontally, vertically, or diagonally. The Negamax tree implements the idea that poorer opponent is, the better you move and Alpa - Beta Search will assume that the opponent is rational; ie, the opponent can calculate the best move we could, and the opponent will always choose the optimal step with the assumption that we will play perfectly. The results of this research is the application of Gomoku game that can be played against the computer players, also the computer against the computer. Where the area in the corner of the chess board is the most profitable areas for each player. Based on the test results, it was found that the use of the method and can provide solutions Negamax search the best move. To determine the winner in each game is with the number of black seeds, then the winner is the player with the white beans.