Introduction of medicinal plants of the family Rosaceae Juss. of the Natural Flora of Northern Tien Shan

Rosaceae Juss. family have more cosmopolitan plants growing in many parts of the globe. Apart from food and decorative plants, there are also medicinal plant species. Increasing the potential of the use of medicinal plants currently represents one of the top-priority objectives that requires a comprehensive study of plants in isolation from natural flora, growing and preserving the species. The article focuses on Kazakhstani plant species of the Rosaceae Juss. family, and specifics of their growth and distribution. Endangered species, as reported in the literature and online sources, are briefly described. Also, the specifics of introducing 30 plant species of family Rosaceae Juss. from global and Kazakhstan flora in the Main Botanic Garden of Almaty are described, introduction parameters (phenological observation and seed quality parameters) are analyzed for 7 medicinal plant species (Agrimonia asiatica Juz., Filipendula ulmaria (L.) Maxim., Filipendula vulgaris Moench, Potentilla argentea L., Potentilla recta L., Fragaria vesca L., and Fragaria viridis (Duch.) Weston) are introduced from the Northern Tien Shan flora, and a brief summary of the introduction details obtained on the basis of the successful introduction index is provided.

Allelopathic influence of medicinal plant Filipendula vulgaris Moench on germination process

The allelopathic potential of medicinal plant Filipendula vulgaris Moench, originated from two natural habitats: calcareous grasslands and humid meadows, was investigated using radish (Raphanus sativus L. var. radicula Pers.) as a model plant. Suppression influence of aqueous extracts at concentrations: 1%, 5%, 10%, obtained separately from under and aboveground parts of the species, was studied testing germination capacity, biomass and biometry of seedling, and electrolyte leakage. Additionally, two cultivars of the radish were used to test the sensitivity of frequently used plant in the laboratory tests. This study revealed the inhibiting effect of high concentration aqueous extracts from F. vulgaris organs on the germination of radish. It was significant for seed vigour index, speed emergence, germination stress tolerance index, and mean germination time. However, the stimulating effect of 1% of aqueous extracts from dropwort roots and shoots on the germination indexes was documented. Similarly, low concentration extracts had a positive effect on seedling elongation which was visible in biometric analyses and inhibition percentage index but it was not so obvious in the biomass analyses. In general, the aboveground extracts from dropwort grown on calcareous grassland demonstrated higher allelopathic potential than extracts from underground parts and meadow habitat.

Assessment of the Antioxidant Effect of Ethanolic Extracts Obtained from Agrimonia eupatoria L., Filipendula ulmaria (L.) Maxim. and Filipendula vulgaris Moench Collected from the Estern Part of Romania

Numerous plants are currently used for both their curative and preventive effects in a wide range of pathologies. They possess multiple beneficial effects, including the well-known antioxidant capacity. Agrimonia eupatoria L. and Filipendula spp., from the Rosaceae family have emerged as a potential source of phenolic constituents, showing antioxidant activities. The aim of this study was to obtain ethanolic extracts from Agrimonia eupatoria L., Filipendula ulmaria (L.) Maxim. and Filipendula vulgaris Moench. collected from the West part of Romania and to determine their antioxidant capacity. Two DPPH assays were used to determine the antioxidant activity of the extracts, ethanolic solution of 1 and 0.1 mM DPPH. Our data indicated that all the extracts, regardless of the place of harvest possess significant antioxidant activity. The most potent activity was recorded for the extracts prepared from Agrimonia eupatoria L. collected from Bazia� � Locva Mountains in mixture with ethanolic solution of 0.1 mM DPPH, followed by Filipendula ulmaria (L.) Maxim, using the same concentration of ethanolic solution of standard antioxidant.

ALLIUM TEST AS A METHOD OF RESEARCHING ANTHROPOGENOUS LOAD

In the course ofstudy of anthropogenous load upon theterritories located in the immediate vicinity of the construction site of a large petrochemical complex "ZapSibNeftekhim", LLC there were found common species for all territories: Achillea millefolium L., Aconitum septentrionale Koelle, Aegopodium podagraria L., Alchemilla sp ., Angelica sylvestris L., Calamagrostis arundinacea (L.) Roth, Carex acutiformis Ehrh., Carex macroura Meinsh., Carex sp ., Crepis sibirica L., Dryopteris carthusiana (Vill.) H. P. Fuchs, Equisetum sylvaticum L., Filipendula vulgaris Moench., Fragaria vesca L., Galium mollugo L., Geranium sylvaticum L., Hypericum maculatum Crantz, Lathyrus vernus (L.) Bernh., Lysimachia vulgaris L., Luzula pilosa (L.) Willd., Orthilia secunda (L.) House, Paris quadrifolia L. To determine the toxic effects of environmental contaminants on living objects there was used Allium test. Using plant concentrates of Achilléa millefólium L. (1), Calamagrostis arundinacea L. Roth. (2), Filipendula vulgaris Moench. (3) growing on monitoring sitesthere was determined the frequency of anomalies in mitosis of root meristems of onions ( Allium cepa L.) which is sensitive to increased impact of anthropogenous pollutants. An increase in mutagenic mitoses was recorded in stressful anthropogenic conditions: 29.88-31.20% (1); 21.91-24.80% (2); 30.46-47.66% (3). Analysis of the results determines the system of measures needed to improve the sustainability of plant communities. The overall effect quantitatively can be determined by measuring the inhibition of growth in the developing root system, and counting and studying the chromosomes of some cells of the root system can indicate possible mutagenic changes.

Биологически активные вещества лабазника обыкновенного и оценка их антиоксидантных свойств

В исследовании показана антиоксидантная активность водного и водно-этанольных (40, 70, 95 %) экстрактов надземной части лабазника обыкновенного Filipendula vulgaris Moench по отношению к процессу электровосстановления кислорода. В большей мере антиоксидантные свойства присущи наиболее липофильному экстракту лабазника. Выраженное антиоксидантное действие оказывает липофильная фракция водного экстракта — этилацетатная, эффективность которой превосходит таковую дигидрокверцетина и аскорбиновой кислоты, что обусловлено извлечением наиболее полной суммы биологически активных веществ фенольной (простые фенолы, флавоноиды, гидроксикумарины, фенолкарбоновые кислоты) и тритерпеновой (кислоты, сапонины) природы, а также аминокислот.