KAJIAN ASPEK EKONOMI PENGELOLAAN HASIL HUTAN DI HULU DAS WAE RIUPA KABUPATEN SERAM BAGIAN BARAT

Forest assessments to quantify Total Economic Valueave been carried out in many countries. The development of forest valuation, apart from forest products that have a market goods. Nowdys various methods of calculating forest product economic value that cannot be determined by the market system (non market goods) have developed. This study examined the economic aspects of forest product management in the upper watershed of Wae Riupa, West Seram Regency. The results showed of calculating the value of direct use Direct use Valuethe value of indirect use (indirect use-value) of Rp. 1. 645,920.00, -, the option value is Rp. 458.642,449, -, optional benefits of Rp. 11. 384,651,002, and the total economic value (TEV) of 13.489,213,451, -.ost of the potential forest products used and managed by the community in Rambatu Village come from forests, including timber forest products, various kinds of rich animals, non-timber forest products, and environmental services.

Variable retention harvesting: conceptual analysis according to different environmental ethics and forest valuation

Background Conceptual clarity is important to attain precise communication of scientific knowledge and to implement appropriate technological and policy actions. Many concepts referring to forest management are widely used by decision-makers, regardless of their complexity. Although the scientific and methodological issues of forestry practices are frequently discussed in the literature, their normative dimensions are rarely treated. Thus, linguistic uncertainty increases when different environmentally ethical perspectives and ways of valuing forests are considered. The objective was to compare different conceptualizations on the silvicultural systems suggested for forest management and the implications they have for conservation. We have conceptually contrasted high-intensity forestry practices with variable retention harvesting, considering different environmentally ethical perspectives and forest valuation alternatives. Results Clear boundaries between clear-cutting, selective logging, and variable retention harvesting can be evidenced when different ethical points of view and alternatives in the human-nature relationships are considered. We have found a variety of definitions of variable retention harvesting that can be analyzed under different ethical positions. Sharply contrasting views on variable retention harvesting can be evidenced if nature is considered to be purely at human’s service or if it is conceptualized as humans co-inhabiting with nature. The latter position implies that the maintenance of ecological, evolutionary, and historical processes supported by unmanaged forest stands is a crucial step for forest management proposals based on variable retention harvesting. Conclusions Forestry practices that are focused on forest yields and that misinterpret functional uncertainty of forest functioning would be risky. Moreover, forestry with variable retention harvesting could imply good yields with reasonable conservation management in some contexts, while it could be unacceptable in other socio-ecological contexts. The improvement of conceptual clarity on the different meanings of variable retention harvesting and the development of indicators for forest management based on the variations of this concept can reduce controversies.

The Forest Market – Income Methods for Determining the Value of Forest Resources

This article describes the methods for estimating the value of a forest, the accuracy of which is critical for purchases and sales, credit security, determining the shares in the division of forest real estate, as well as in determining the amount of compensation for losses in forest property. Compensation for property losses also includes past events that occurred before the Second World War, such as nationalization or loss of the forests in the eastern territories of the Second Polish Republic due to border changes. An equally important objective of forest valuation, which has recently gained in importance, is the inclusion of its value in a forest holding balance sheet. However, due to the lack of fully objective market prices for forest property, this work focused on the analysis of the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the forest market and the methods of calculating the income (rent) value of the forest. Examples of commercial transactions from the forest market in the USA, Austria and Germany are included. The study presents a historical outline of forest valuation with particular emphasis on methods based on the income value, including forest rents. Furthermore, we discuss the formula of the perpetual capitalization of annuity and periodic annuity, including the impact of various net income calculations, that is, in arrears or in advance

Characteristics and Current Situation of Urban Forests in Kharkiv Region

The main aim of our study was to examine the current state and to analyse the prospects of the development of urban forests in the city of Kharkiv. Modern methods of assessment and forest resources ranking were used in the evaluation process. The data from the last basic forest inventory and the electronic database of the ‘Ukrderzhlisproekt’ Production Association are used.Conducted investigation enables to assess the state of the urban forests in Kharkiv, to show the division of forest resources by the land category, to list the species composition according to the forests stakeholders as well as to compare the existing and optimal division subject to the age group and to calculate the average forest valuation indicators. Our results indicated that the urban forests have different indicators in the context of permanent users. The existing division of the forest stands by the age group and average forest valuation indicators do not satisfy the optimal ones. Thereby, the vital problem in solving the issue of the conducting forestry in the urban forests transferred to the scientific base for the provision of their optimal growth, development and carrying out of their functions in full exists to date.

Waloryzacja lasu jako narzędzie oceny potencjału rekreacyjnego obszarów leśnych

The paper is dedicated to the social function of forest areas. The aim of this paper is to present the idea of application the forest valuation for evaluation of the potential of recreational areas of woodlands. The authors present exemplary features that might be evaluated. As a conclusion some advantages and disadvantages of the method of the valuation are presented.

The unresolved problem of determining the forest interest rate

Valuation of forests and their components is a significant problem, both for science and practice. At present, in many countries, the market of forest property is limited. As a result, no conclusions may be inferred on the forest value based on the information on forest purchase and sale transactions. In this situation, we apply static methods of forest valuation. The problem of forest statics has been discussed for years (e.g., Brukas et al. 2001; Chang 1983, 2001; Dieter 2001; Hartman 1976; Manley and Bare 2001; Mohring 2001; Zhang 2001; Viitala 2016). Static methods of forest valuation are well known. In the construction of the proposed mathematical formula (Eq. 6), the Faustmann theory was applied, concerning the economic equilibrium in forestry. Numerous modifications of his equation for economic equilibrium were used to develop, for example, an income method for forest valuation based on discounting the final value or prolongation of initial value. The forest interest rate is a key element in these equations. At present, there are no procedures for the establishment of this interest rate, which would be generally accepted by the scientific community. Therefore, the article presents and discusses selected concepts for determining the forest interest rate.

Forest accounting: A theoretical perspec-tive

It is necessary to make theoretical analysis of various aspects of forest accounting in order to make further improvement in it. The main objective of the study is to make glance of forest accounting physical and monetary terms. The specific objectives of the study are as follows; 1. To make review of literature of forest accounting in context of past studies and forest accounting concepts. 2. To make glance on various parameters of forest accounting. 3. To make glance on forest accounting concepts. 4. To suggest improvements in forest accounting system. Present study concludes that there is no proper forest accounting system still has not been developed as well as comprehensive forest valuation method is lacking. And absence of forest accounting made impact on biodiversity and economy.