Evaluation of blackcurrant (Ribes nigrum) germplasm structure by microsatellite-based fingerprinting for the diversification of the breeding material

BACKGROUND: Blackcurrants are an important berry crop whose further development depends mainly on the diversity of available plant material and its successful inclusion in the breeding. OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to evaluate selected SSR markers’ applicability for the analysis of germplasm consisting of genotypes developed through complicated multistage crosses among different Ribes species and estimate the genetic structure and level of genetic diversity of the blackcurrant collection. METHODS: The set of 110 blackcurrant accessions from the Latvian genetic resources collection was genotyped using 18 previously described SSR markers. RESULTS: The marker set provided all genotypes with unique fingerprints and proved the need for reference genotypes in international studies for data validation. The accessions clustered according to pedigree and did not group by country of origin or breeding programme. CONCLUSIONS: The tested SSR markers uncovered relationships between blackcurrant accessions of complicated interspecific composition and revealed an extensive mutual exchange of germplasm among breeding programmes, thus pointing to the need for new donors of valuable characteristics. The results also highlighted the necessity to identify each species’ proportion in the hybrid material to assess the impact of species-linked gene expression.

Distribution and Composition of Lobster Species Caught in Java Sea of East Java, Indonesia

Lobster resources are abundant in Indonesia waters. Lobster’s catch production is known as an important fishery commodity. A lobster fishery is considered important fisheries within the Indonesia fishe ies management zone. So that, its management plan is needed to be developed. As a consequence, preliminary study on lobster distribution by its species proportion or composition in their catches by its fishing ground and fishing season (month) are important to mitigate the resources. The study was conducted in Java Sea of East Java to explore the lobster species distribution and composition. The Java Sea is laid within the Fisheries Management Zone of the Republic of Indonesia number 712. Lobster catch data were collected from 4 regions (landing bases) across East Java. They are Lamongan, Bawean, Tuban and Sumenep. The data was collected from December 2016 - March 2017. These regions are representing over all biogeography of marine ecology of East Java. Statistical test for homogeneity of composition/proportion of species of lobster by its regions or location and time/month were analyzed and tested statistically using one way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The results shows that the composition o lobster species in each regions or location in different time/month are different. There were our species o lobster identified. They are Panulirus ornatus, P. homarus, P. polyphagus, and P. Versicolor. P. ornatus found in those four locations. All 4 species are caught in Lamongan. there are no species of P. Homarus have been caught in Bawean. In Tuban there is 3 species of Panulirus ornatus, P. polyphagus, and P. homarus. While in Sumenep there are only two species which are P. ornatus and P. Versicolor. Panulirus polyphagus is dominant in Lamongan, Bawean, and Sumenep while P. homarus is in Tuban. Those four species were caught in the month of December, January, February and March with P. Polyphagus as a dominant catch.

Effect of Species Complementarity on Financial Return in Mixed Stands of European Beech and Scots Pine in Northern Spain

The research on mixed-species forestry has rapidly increased in recent decades because there is a growing interest in these types of stands for environmental reasons. Their positive influence on ecosystem biodiversity, stability and resilience, as well as their role in the new challenge brought up by the adaptation to global change, have been the object of many research works. However, the economic implications of mixed-species forest management have not deserved the same attention. The objective of this work is to study the effect of species interactions on productivity, and to economically assess this effect. This research is focused on the analysis of financial return and risk in even aged mixed stands of Pinus sylvestris and Fagus sylvatica in Northern Spain. Growth and yield projections for monospecific and mixed stands of Scots pine and European beech were made by means of a previous model developed from a set of the Spanish National Forest Inventory plots in the region of Navarre. Data from yield tables for both species were used. The effect of species proportion on total stand yield was assessed and transgressive overyielding was found for some mixing ratios. A data series on average stumpage price for both species in Spain over a 29-year period was compiled and the joint probability distribution of price data was used to generate 500 price scenarios. Different management alternatives based on species proportion and rotation age were considered and evaluated in terms of profitability and risk. Some management recommendations can be derived from the results obtained, which point at an optimum mixing ratio from 30% to 40% Scots pine and 70% to 60% European beech.

Extensive karyotype variability of African fish genus Nothobranchius (Cyprinodontiformes)

Karyotypes of 65 species of the genus Nothobranchius Peters, 1868 were reviewed and of those 35 examined first time. The results of present study have shown that fishes of the genus Nothobranchius possessed highly diverse karyotypes. The diploid chromosome number (2n) ranged from 16 to 50. The most frequent 2n was 2n = 36 (in 35 species) while the second one 2n = 38 (in 13 species). Proportion of biarmed chromosomes varied from 0 to 95% between species. Diploid chromosome number variability apparently exists as a result of chromosomal fusions or fissions and extensive karyotypic formula alterations promoting by inversions. Multiple sex chromosomes of system X1X1X2X2/X1X2Y type were found only in karyotypes of 5 species. The extensive karyotype variability, unusual for teleosts, of genus Nothobranchius can be likely associated with the characteristics of its life cycle and inhabiting under unstable environment of East African savannah temporal pools.

PEMULIHAN VEGETASI DI AREAL HUTAN YANG DIKELOLA DENGAN SISTEM TPTJ Recovery of Vegetation in the Forest Area Managed by TPTJ System

Massive utilization of forest resources became one factor which caused degradation on natural forest. Forestdegradation which occurred continuously could cause a change in forest composition. This could happen becauseseedling from invasive species dominated the area of natural forest. This research aimed to determine the compositionand structure of recovering forest stands managed by TPTJ system in area of IUPHHK-HA PT. Suka Jaya Makmur,West Kalimantan. The results showed that non-commercial Dipterocarp species group had the biggest value of densityand proportion among all stages of Dipterocarp stand. Curve diameter distribution showed a balanced logged forest.The diversity in all plot-area was high. Kelampai and Meranti were dominated in canopy level. Aternatif; Kelampai andMeranti were dominant at canopy level Jambu monyet and Kelampai were the species that dominated in seedling level.Alteratif; Jambu monyet and Kelampai were the species that were dominant at seedling level Tree and seedling had adifferent composition, it was shown by the ID value at >50%. This was shown by cluster analysis which divided into fourgroups. Commercial species proportion was generally larger than other non-commercial species.Key words: forest utilization, line planting, selective cutting, vegetation recovery

Bat fauna associated with artificial ponds in La Malinche National Park, a mountain ecosystem of Mexico

An increase in water demand in mountains has reduced its availability for the fauna. As conservation tools, artificial ponds can be used to offer water to animals. Many studies have assessed the use of ponds by bats. However, most of them have been concentrated in the United States and Europe, while in regions with higher bat diversity the information is scarce. We captured the bat species associated with artificial ponds in a Mexican mountain where water was intubated 25 years ago. We identified and analyzed the bats’ species proportion and sex ratio and evaluated if species richness and abundance were affected by season, mean monthly precipitation, maximum monthly temperature and maximum monthly humidity. We captured 90 bats of seven species (Vespertilionidae), where

Species Identification and Clarithromycin Susceptibility Testing of 278 Clinical Nontuberculosis Mycobacteria Isolates

Purpose of this paper is to analyze different species’ proportion of nontuberculosis mycobacteria (NTM) and susceptibility to clarithromycin of different species. 278 clinical NTM isolates were identified into species by using 16S rRNA,rpoBandhsp65. Then clarithromycin susceptibility testing against different species was done separately, using microplate Alamar Blue assay. Finally, resistance isolates’erm(41)ofM. abscessuswere sequenced in order to analyze mechanisms for clarithromycin resistant. In this test, 131 isolates (47%) belonged toM. aviumcomplex (MAC), and 70 isolates (25%) belonged toM. abscessus. Nearly all theM. abscessussubsp.abscessusresistant to clarithromycin had T28 inerm(41). However, all theM. abscessussubsp.abscessussusceptible to clarithromycin had C28 inerm(41). In this study, we find that MAC was the most common pathogens of NTM, and the second one wasM. abscessus. However,M. chelonei, M. fuerth, andM. gordonwere rare. Clarithromycin had a good inhibition activity against all the NTM species exceptM. abscessussubsp.abscessus. Theerm(41)genotype is of high relevance to clarithromycin resistance.