A Secure Blockchain-Powered Land Record Modernization System for Documenting Land User's Rights

2022 ◽  
pp. 37-59
Author(s):  
Arun Kumar G. Hiremath ◽  
Roopa G. M. ◽  
Naveen Kumar K. R.
Keyword(s):  
Dispute Resolution ◽  
Time Complexity ◽  
Data Accuracy ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Land Administration ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Legal Document ◽  
Land Records

Proving ownership of the land should preferably be done with a legal document that proves it decisively. Many authorities retain various documents, any of which could be used to assert a claim on the land. To prevent document falsification, the land administration mechanism ought to be robust, accessible at all times, and quick to accomplish exercises. But, any such solutions are prone to a slew of issues, including data accuracy, security, and dispute resolution. Usage of blockchain technology in land administration is considerably advanced to solve issues that plague current LAS. With the adoption of blockchain, the problem of cooperation among a variety of land records is articulated. The proposed model has integrated units to digitally sign the land assets to store securely into the blockchain using cryptography algorithms after which land assets are verified. The proposed approach eliminates deception, improves administration. The results show that the time complexity for registering, signing, and verifying land facts to establish a system using blockchain is relatively secure.

Application of Blockchain Technology in Land Administration in Ghana

2020 ◽  
pp. 103-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Agbesi ◽  
Fati Tahiru
Keyword(s):  
The Past ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Land Administration ◽  
Smart Contract ◽  
Digital Asset ◽  
Property Sales ◽  
Ownership Of Land ◽  
Land Transactions ◽  
Land Records

The administration of lands in Ghana has been a major issue in the past years that has resulted in parties seeking arbitration to determine the rightful owners and others resulting in death because of the land-guard menace. The main issues in land administration in Ghana include modification and falsification of land records, difficulty in authenticating the ownership of land property, sales of land property to more than one customer, and lack of transparency in land transactions. This chapter examines the application of Blockchain in land administration in Ghana to solve the issues of unauthorized modification of land records, difficulties in proven ownership of land properties, and the lack of transparency in land transactions. The proposed solution is based on Ethereum Blockchain technology using a smart contract. The solution used a non-fungible token to represent land properties as a digital asset that can be traded on the proposed solution. The proposed solution provides integrity, immutability, provenance, and transparency in land administration.

Data Ownership and Secure Medical Data Transmission using Optimal Multiple Key-Based Homomorphic Encryption with Hyperledger Blockchain

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naresh Sammeta ◽  
Latha Parthiban
Keyword(s):  
Data Transmission ◽  
Homomorphic Encryption ◽  
Medical Data ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Transmission Model ◽  
Generation Process ◽  
Suggested Model ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Data Ownership

Recent healthcare systems are defined as highly complex and expensive. But it can be decreased with enhanced electronic health records (EHR) management, using blockchain technology. The healthcare sector in today’s world needs to address two major issues, namely data ownership and data security. Therefore, blockchain technology is employed to access and distribute the EHRs. With this motivation, this paper presents novel data ownership and secure medical data transmission model using optimal multiple key-based homomorphic encryption (MHE) with Hyperledger blockchain (OMHE-HBC). The presented OMHE-HBC model enables the patients to access their own data, provide permission to hospital authorities, revoke permission from hospital authorities, and permit emergency contacts. The proposed model involves the MHE technique to securely transmit the data to the cloud and prevent unauthorized access to it. Besides, the optimal key generation process in the MHE technique takes place using a hosted cuckoo optimization (HCO) algorithm. In addition, the proposed model enables sharing of EHRs by the use of multi-channel HBC, which makes use of one blockchain to save patient visits and another one for the medical institutions in recoding links that point to EHRs stored in external systems. A complete set of experiments were carried out in order to validate the performance of the suggested model, and the results were analyzed under many aspects. A comprehensive comparison of results analysis reveals that the suggested model outperforms the other techniques.

scholarly journals Blockchain-Enhanced Fair Task Scheduling for Cloud-Fog-Edge Coordination Environments: Model and Algorithm

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Wenjuan Li ◽  
Shihua Cao ◽  
Keyong Hu ◽  
Jian Cao ◽  
Rajkumar Buyya
Keyword(s):  
Task Scheduling ◽  
User Satisfaction ◽  
Chain Structure ◽  
Computing Model ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Node Distribution ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Task Processing ◽  
Scheduling Models ◽  
Different Levels

The cloud-fog-edge hybrid system is the evolution of the traditional centralized cloud computing model. Through the combination of different levels of resources, it is able to handle service requests from terminal users with a lower latency. However, it is accompanied by greater uncertainty, unreliability, and instability due to the decentralization and regionalization of service processing, as well as the unreasonable and unfairness in resource allocation, task scheduling, and coordination, caused by the autonomy of node distribution. Therefore, this paper introduces blockchain technology to construct a trust-enabled interaction framework in a cloud-fog-edge environment, and through a double-chain structure, it improves the reliability and verifiability of task processing without a big management overhead. Furthermore, in order to fully consider the reasonability and load balance in service coordination and task scheduling, Berger’s model and the conception of service justice are introduced to perform reasonable matching of tasks and resources. We have developed a trust-based cloud-fog-edge service simulation system based on iFogsim, and through a large number of experiments, the performance of the proposed model is verified in terms of makespan, scheduling success rate, latency, and user satisfaction with some classical scheduling models.

Using blockchain technology in credit rating industry to promote an innovative bond-pays model

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishna Vishwanath Iyer ◽  
V.V. Ravi Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Business Models ◽  
Credit Rating ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Concept System ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Business Functions ◽  
Market Distortion ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Inflation Alternative

Purpose This paper aims to propose an innovative blockchain-based system enabling implementation of a bond-pays model in credit rating industry. Issuer-pays model has led to conflict of interest resulting in rating shopping and inflation. Alternative business models have their own problems, e.g. investor-pays model suffers from “free rider” and public dissemination challenges, whereas government-controlled business models can lead to market distortion. Bond-pays model has been difficult to implement owing to operational difficulties in managing co-ordination amongst multiple entities involved, often with conflicting goals. Blockchain technology enables inter-organizational systems that foster trust amongst non-trusting entities, facilitating business functions such as credit rating to be carried out. Design/methodology/approach This paper outlines current processes in credit rating business that has led to repeated rating failures and proposes a new set of processes, leveraging capabilities of blockchain technology to enable implementation of an arms-length bond-pays model. Findings A proof-of-concept system, namely, rating chain has been designed to implement a small part of the proposed model to establish technical feasibility in a blockchain environment. Practical implications A fully functional blockchain-based system on bond-pays business model, if built and adopted, could impact how credit rating market functions currently and could contribute to a reduction in rating-related challenges. Originality/value The proposal to adopt blockchain technologies in implementing a bond-pays model in credit rating industry is a novel contribution.

Blockchain Technology Applications in Government

2020 ◽  
pp. 39-63
Author(s):  
Adnan Ozsoy ◽  
Bahar Gezici ◽  
Necva Bölücü ◽  
Nurettin Bölücü
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Review ◽  
Government Services ◽  
Secure Storage ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Technology Applications ◽  
Legal Document ◽  
Technical Details ◽  
The Government ◽  
Back Office

Blockchain in government services has a wide range of application areas for various departments from legal document storage and management to healthcare benefits. Decentralized nature opens opportunities for a government that can achieve operations 24/7 and cut back office operations. A Blockchain system for government offers a potential solution to legacy pain points and establishes a secure storage for citizens and businesses. It also reduces intensive paper processes, excessive managing costs, and potential corruption and abuse. Instead, it greatly increases security of digital services and more importantly trust in the government. This chapter provides a detailed review of Blockchain solutions for three major government services: land registry, GDPR, and healthcare. For each service, a state-of-the-art is given, followed with the technical details of use cases and potential improvements for current problems.

K-Nearest Neighbors Algorithm (KNN)

2021 ◽  
pp. 161-178
Author(s):  
Abdelaziz Elbaghdadi ◽  
Soufiane Mezroui ◽  
Ahmed El Oualkadi
Keyword(s):  
Business Process ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Nearest Neighbors ◽  
Local Information ◽  
K Nearest Neighbors ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Use Of Data ◽  
Proposed Model

The cryptocurrency is the first implementation of blockchain technology. This technology provides a set of tracks and innovation in scientific research, such as use of data either to detect anomalies either to predict price in the Bitcoin and the Ethereum. Furthermore, the blockchain technology provide a set of technique to automate the business process. This chapter presents a review of some research works related to cryptocurrency. A model with a KNN algorithm is proposed to detect illicit transaction. The proposed model uses both the elliptic dataset and KNN algorithm to detect illicit transaction. Furthermore, the elliptic dataset contains 203,769 nodes and 234,355 edges; it allows to classify the data into three classes: illicit, licit, or unknown. Each node has associated 166 features. The first 94 features represent local information about the transaction. The remaining 72 features are called aggregated features. The accuracy exceeded 90% with k=2 and k=4, the recall reaches 56% with k=3, and the precision reaches 78% with k=4.

scholarly journals Journalism Model Based on Blockchain with Sharing Space

Symmetry ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Byeowool Kim ◽  
Yongik Yoon
Keyword(s):  
The Internet ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Mobile Environment ◽  
Sharing Value ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Reasonable Alternative ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Revenue Structure ◽  
Sharing Space

The challenge that journalism is facing these days in the Internet mobile environment is greater than ever before. Journalism is losing its revenue structure to platform operators favoring a certain markets, and also the trust of its readers in light of fake news and infected news. To alleviate this situation, we propose a blockchain technology that is applicable to journalism in order to achieve decentralization as a reasonable alternative. The journalism model based on hybrid blockchain aims to achieve the following: the delivery of articles with sharing value, what we call proof of sharing; the distribution of roles of personalized agenda settings; and finally, the use of agora to collect public opinions. With all these, we attempt to resolve the issues with current journalism with our proposed model based on blockchain.

scholarly journals A Distributed Energy Trading Authentication Mechanism Based on a Consortium Blockchain

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 2878 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng Che ◽  
Yu Wang ◽  
Juanjuan Zhao ◽  
Yan Qiang ◽  
Yue Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
The Public ◽  
Transaction Model ◽  
Authentication Mechanism ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Transaction Process ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Trading Network ◽  
Technology Nodes

With the rapid development of the energy internet, the transaction of distributed renewable energy (DRE) is playing an increasingly important role in the energy market. However, in the transaction model of distributed renewable energy combined with public blockchain technology, nodes in the trading network can join or leave the network at any time without any permission, which hinders the regulation of electricity institutions. Corresponding to the transaction principle, a distributed renewable energy transaction authentication mechanism based on consortium blockchain is proposed in this paper. First, certificate authority nodes were set in the transaction network to provide nodes with access authority by controlling the public keys and private keys of trading participants so that they can complete their identity authentication. Next, essential chaincodes in the transaction authentication were designed and deployed on a Hyperledger Fabric blockchain site, and a simulation experiment of a simple DRE transaction was used to elaborate the details on the transaction process. Finally, the proposed model was evaluated according to its performance and proved to be practical and effective.

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