Impact of solar activity on forest fires in Arkhangelsk region

Analysis of information on forest fires in the Arkhangelsk region showed bursts of forest fires in the period 1959–1961, 1972–1973, 1997–2001 and 2010–2011. To establish the regularities of the solar activity influence (Wolf numbers) on forest fires, statistical studies were carried out. The distribution of Wolf numbers in terms of magnitude has a regular character and practically does not change over the months of the year. Correlation analysis about the statistical dependence of the factors was used to test the hypothesis. A certain interdependence between meteorological factors, of the local population life and the number of fires has been noted. An assessment of the interconnection degree between the area and number of forest fires and solar activity has been carried out. A weak relationship has been established between solar activity and the number of forest fires in the forest fund. It is recommended to use Wolf numbers to predict the degree of fire hazard only in conjunction with other factors.

Nonessential sum graph of an Artinian ring

PurposeThe authors study the interdisciplinary relation between graph and algebraic structure ring defining a new graph, namely “non-essential sum graph”. The nonessential sum graph, denoted by NES(R), of a commutative ring R with unity is an undirected graph whose vertex set is the collection of all nonessential ideals of R and any two vertices are adjacent if and only if their sum is also a nonessential ideal of R.Design/methodology/approachThe method is theoretical.FindingsThe authors obtain some properties of NES(R) related with connectedness, diameter, girth, completeness, cut vertex, r-partition and regular character. The clique number, independence number and domination number of NES(R) are also found.Originality/valueThe paper is original.

Działalność propagandowa polskiego podziemia na Wileńszczyźnie w świetle zbiorów „bernardyńskich”

PROPAGANDA ACTIVITY OF THE POLISH SECRET STATE IN THE VILNIUS REGION IN THE CONTEXT OF THE “BERNARDINE” COLLECTIONS FROM THE YEARS 1939-1944 The so-called “Bernardine” Archives of the Home Army found in February 1995 in the Vilnius church of St. Francis of Assisi (Bernardine church) are an interesting source for the analysis of activities of the Information and Propaganda Bureau of the Home Army Vilnius District. The circumstances of finding the documents and their transfer to the state archives are also interesting. They were stolen and later transferred to the archives. The whole case was of particular interest to the Department of State Security. The documents that make up the “Bernardine” collection describe in detail the propaganda activity of the BIP [Bureau for Information and Propaganda] in the Vilnius District of the Home Army. Propaganda activity can be classified into several levels, according to its impact, its methods and effects. Low (micro) level propaganda is not very effective. At the micro level, momentary feelings are evoked in the recipient by one-off prints or short-term manifestations. Meso-level propaganda is of regular character. At this stage, the communicated content is prepared by specialists working in the institution responsible for the consistency of the communicated content and its dissemination. Large-scale propaganda activities can be described as propaganda at the macro level, aiming to change the behaviour of society. Propaganda at this level can be described as total propaganda. Here, messages are broadcast by various media and various institutions. This type of categorisation of propaganda makes it easier to present the communication and information activities of the Polish resistance movement. The article describes in detail the circumstances of finding, theft and return of Home Army documents. Using the example of the “Bernardine” collection, the ideas of the Polish-Lithuanian federation that appeared in the announcements of the Home Army BIP of the Vilnius District are analysed in detail. Two types of communication dominate in the analysed documents of the “Bernardine” collections. The first is “federalist” communication, according to which both states and nations would have equal rights and influence. The second one, based on the notion of “incorporation” assumes that Lithuania was to become an integral part of post-war Poland, but with ensuring cultural autonomy for Lithuanians.

Some generalized characters associated to a transitive permutation group

Let G be a finite transitive permutation group of degree n, with point stabilizer {H\neq 1} and permutation character π. For every positive integer t, we consider the generalized character {\psi_{t}=\rho_{G}-t(\pi-1_{G})}, where {\rho_{G}} is the regular character of G and {1_{G}} the 1-character. We give necessary and sufficient conditions on t (and G) which guarantee that {\psi_{t}} is a character of G. A necessary condition is that {t\leq\min\{n-1,\lvert H\rvert\}}, and it turns out that {\psi_{t}} is a character of G for {t=n-1} resp. {t=\lvert H\rvert} precisely when G is 2-transitive resp. a Frobenius group.

Ilya Ilf and Evgeny Petrov as Coauthors of Ilf & Petrov Novels

The purpose of the article is to identify the “author’s prints” of Ilya Ilf and Evgeny Petrov in the novels “Dvenadtsat’ stul’ev” (“The twelve chairs”) and “Zolotoy telenok” (“Golden calf”) through highlighting the both writers’ contribution to the fusion of inspiration and jokes. A detailed comparison of Petrov’s “pre-Ilf” and Ilf’s “pre-Petrov” works with their co-written texts demonstrates that the co-authors definitely used accumulated literary material in creating the novels: the “common cauldron” contained their previous plots and images. The article is based on a textual analysis of Ilf’s and Petrov’s stories and feuilletons published in the Moscow press before they started writing together, as well as the texts written in the process of creating the dilogy. In previous research on the Ilf and Petrov’s work, the links between their early texts and the co-written dilogy were either unsystematically presented, or tried to track the path of the “literary evolution” of Ilf and Pertov, who had been gradually honing their idiostyle and writing technique. It was often done without following rigid structure and not representing proper arguments. The article offers a classification of identified borrowings and references from Ilf and Petrov’s early texts. It contains systematized examples of various types and scales – from a single detail to a large fragment of the narrative. The catalog of “auto-references” confirms the regular character of borrowings: during the creation of “Dvenadtsat’ stul’ev” (“The twelve chairs”) and “Zolotoy telenok” (“Golden calf”), coauthors often used “previously formulated” phrase and motifs from works, which had been written separately. However, passages from feuilletons, as a rule, were transferred by writers to new novels not mechanically: in the novels “old” images were selected and developed by both authors.

Portrayal of the journalist in Spanish cinema from 1990 to 2010

The journalist is a regular character in Spanish films, and analysing this role is fundamental in learning more about the profession. The aim of this research is to identify the profile of the journalist in cinema from 1990 to 2010, two decades of drastic changes in the modes of communication in our country. In its empirical phase, one of the fundamental contributions can be found in the recovery of Morphology of the Folktale (1928), by Russian Folklorist-Scholar Vladimir Propp, which can be used to establish the characteristics of the reporter from a structuralist point of view. In this book, the conclusion reached is that the heroes are those in charge of serious journalism, whereas the villains, mainly women, are the stars of the television ‘boom’ with a predominance of morbidity and deceit on the small screen.

The New Analytical Algorithm for Determining the Strapdown INS Orientation

The analytical solution of an approximate (truncated) equation for the vector of a rigid body finite rotation has made it possible to solve the problem of determining the quaternion of orientation of a rigid body for an arbitrary angular velocity and small angle of rotation of a rigid body with the help of quadratures. Proceeding from this solution, the following approach to the construction of the new analytical algorithm for computation of a rigid body orientation with the use of strapdown INS is proposed: 1) By the set components of the angular velocity of a rigid body on the basis of mutually — unambiguous changes of the variables at each time point, a new angular velocity of a rigid body is calculated; 2) Using the new angular velocity and the initial position of a rigid body, with the help of the quadratures we find the exact solution of an approximate linear equation for the vector of a rigid body finite rotation with a zero initial condition; 3) The value of the quaternion orientation of a rigid body (strapdown INS) is determined by the vector of finite rotation. During construction of the algorithm for strapdown INS orientation at each subsequent step the change of the variables takes into account the previous step of the algorithm in such a way that each time the initial value of the vector of finite rotation of a rigid body will be equal to zero. Since the proposed algorithm for the analytical solution of the approximate linear equation for the vector of finite rotation is exact, it has a regular character for all angular motions of a rigid body).

Regular reversals in the six-jet geodynamo model

A low-mode geodynamo model is developed, controlled by 6-jet convection in the core of the Earth. The model contains only four modes, representing the fields of temperature, velocity, and two fields of magnetic induction. The magnetic modes was chosen by combining eight magnetic modes of free decay. There are two noise components in the model. In the model, stable regimes of generation of a magnetic field with reversals having a regular character were obtained. These reversals do not cause changes in the convection structure.

Word Decoding Task: Item Analysis by IRT and Within-Group Norms

This paper reports the performance of a representative sample of 747 students (52.5% female), from 2nd to 5th year of elementary education from private and public (83.8%) schools of Sao Paulo city. The children performed the Form A of Word Reading and Spelling Task (WRST) containing 48 low-frequency words presented in a card. Data were analyzed using models of Item Response Theory. We observed high levels of accuracy. The analysis selected 24 items, which presented low to moderate discrimination and difficulty indices. There were mean differences between grades, but not sex or school type. We report percentile norms for the grades for the WRST´S (Form) Reduced Version. The results support preceding studies with the word decoding tasks in Brazilian Portuguese, which attested to the quasi-regular character of that language.