From Diospyros kaki L. (Persimmon) Phytochemical Profile and Health Impact to New Product Perspectives and Waste Valorization

Persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.) fruit’s phytochemical profile includes carotenoids, proanthocyanidins, and gallic acid among other phenolic compounds and vitamins. A huge antioxidant potential is present given this richness in antioxidant compounds. These bioactive compounds impact on health benefits. The intersection of nutrition and sustainability, the key idea behind the EAT-Lancet Commission, which could improve human health and decrease the global impact of food-related health conditions such as cancer, heart disease, diabetes, and obesity, bring the discussion regarding persimmon beyond the health effects from its consumption, but also on the valorization of a very perishable food that spoils quickly. A broad option of edible products with better storage stability or solutions that apply persimmon and its byproducts in the reinvention of old products or even creating new products, or with new and better packaging for the preservation of food products with postharvest technologies to preserve and extend the shelf-life of persimmon food products. Facing a global food crisis and the climate emergency, new and better day-to-day solutions are needed right now. Therefore, the use of persimmon waste has also been discussed as a good solution to produce biofuel, eco-friendly alternative reductants for fabric dyes, green plant growth regulator, biodegradable and edible films for vegetable packaging, antimicrobial activity against foodborne methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus found in retail pork, anti-Helicobacter pylori agents from pedicel extracts, and persimmon pectin-based emulsifiers to prevent lipid peroxidation, among other solutions presented in the revised literature. It has become clear that the uses for persimmon go far beyond the kitchen table and the health impact consumption demonstrated over the years. The desired sustainable transition is already in progress, however, mechanistic studies and clinical trials are essential and scaling-up is fundamental to the future.

Food Estate Management as Global Food Crisis Prevention Through the Implementation of the BNI Tani Card Program at Pulang Pisau

Needs realization of the food estate concept partially in strengthening food security in the agricultural sector cannot be done by the government and society, but also involves corporations. One form of corporate involvement in this research is a program from BNI in the form of farmer cards. The farmer card program is expected to provide efficiency for farmers so that they can receive the distribution of government support in the right amount, the right type, the right time, the right place, the right quality and the right price. This study aims to measure the implementation of the BNI farmer card implementation to provide a pattern of relationship to the potential development of the food estate concept in Pulang Pisau. implementation of BNI farmer cards in the Pulang Pisau community through indicators of understanding and compliance (X1), behavior and culture (X2), economic conditions (X3), policy issues (X4), facilities and infrastructure (X5), and stakeholder support (X6) for Realization food estate concept. The research design was carried out in a cross-sectional manner using a quantitative approach through smart PLS. The results show the value of the six factors measured through the implementation of the BNI farmer card, which later on this value will become a basis for sustainability and policy adjustments in the realization of food estate in the region itself through government, community and corporate cooperation in realizing food security against global food crisis.

Legibility and External Investment: An Institutional Natural Experiment in Liberia

We address a debate over the effects of private versus customary property rights on external investment. Despite political economists’ claims that external investors favor private property rights, other experts argue that customary systems enable large-scale “land grabs.” We organize these competing claims, highlighting trade-offs due to differences in legibility versus the ability to displace existing landholders under both systems. We study a natural experiment in Liberia, where law codifies parallel private and customary property rights systems. We use this institutional boundary and difference-in-differences methods to isolate differential changes in external investment under the different property rights systems following the global food crisis of 2007–08. We find a larger increase in land clearing where private property rights prevailed, with such clearing related to more concession activity. Qualitative study of a palm oil concession reveals challenges external investors confront when navigating customary systems.

International price volatility transmission and structural change: a market connectivity analysis in the beef sector

Despite the abundance of literature on agricultural price transmissions and unexpectedly disrupted value chains from infectious disease outbreaks such as bovine spongiform encephalopathy and COVID-19, the importance of research on price connectivity in the international beef markets has largely been ignored. To assess agricultural price transmission issues, error correction-type models (ECMs) have been predominantly employed. These models, however, suffer a deficiency in that the method is incapable of depicting time-variant linkages between prices. This article examines the connections between global and local prices, as well as price volatility in the beef sector. Our analysis uses a generalised autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity (GARCH) model with the dynamic conditional correlation (DCC) specification that enables us to identify market connection intensity dynamics. We pay assiduous attention to structural changes in the overall research processes to enhance the reliability of estimation. For the first time in meat or grain price transmission research, our autoregressive models have been developed with structural break dummy variables for DCC. The principal findings are that (1) local retail prices for Azerbaijan, Georgia, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and the UK showed a structural change in mean or variance, all of which were identified after the global food crisis from 2007–2009, (2) international prices unidirectionally Granger-cause regional prices in Georgia, Tajikistan and the United States in both mean and volatility (accordingly, no country exhibited price or price-volatility transmission from regional to international markets), and (3) volatility liaisons between global and local beef markets are generally weak, but price volatility exhibited closer synchronisation around the 2008 global food crisis, which created structural changes during the period. This finding implies that national governments should shield domestic from global markets by implementing trade restrictions such as quotas or taxes in a global emergency.

8.1. ДИНАМИКА ОСНОВНЫХ ФАКТОРОВ МИРОВОГО ПРОДОВОЛЬСТВЕННОГО КРИЗИСА В ИСТОРИЧЕСКОМ ПРОЦЕССЕ

Проведен качественный и количественный анализ динамики основных факторов продовольственного кризиса в историческом процессе и составлен прогноз динамики дальнейшего развития с использованием методов и средств эконометрического моделирования. Продемонстрирован факт, что в развитых странах Европы и США отсутствует проблема нехватки продовольствия, а, напротив, наблюдается избыточное потребление гражданами продуктов питания. Но существуют страны, в которых проблема недостатка продовольственных товаров актуальна. Затронута проблема неравномерного распределения продовольствия и последствий, вытекающих из возникшей ситуации.Qualitative and quantitative analysis for the dynamics of the main factors of the global food crisis in history is conducted. Projections of the further tendencies are made using econometrics modeling means. The fact is demonstrated that in the developed countries of Europe and the USA there is no problem of food shortages, but, on the contrary, there is an excessive consumption of food by citizens. But there are countries in which the problem of food shortages is relevant. The problem of uneven distribution of food and the consequences arising from the situation have been raised.

FOOD INSECURITY: THE AFFECTS OF SOCIOECONOMIC AND FOOD CONSUMPTION

Purpose: “Food security” is one every of major factors of progress and poverty alleviation and has been the goal of many worldwide and countrywide public organizations. The worst food crisis since 1974 broke out in 2007 - 2008 (FAO, 2009). The food crisis directly affects one of the most primary human rights of being free from malnutrition. This paper is about the determinants global food crisis contributes to food insecurity at selected hypermarkets in Malaysia. Methodology: This research study proposed a framework of the determinant of the global food crisis that contributed to food insecurity. Main Findings: Food insecurity and lack access to healthy food affect the health and well-being of low income in most developing countries especially for those with lower income. When people do not have enough resources to buy food for them to consume, it will give an impact on purchasing power. The increasing number of hunger people could threaten the stability of political for particular country (GFSI, 2016). Hence most of the countries are coming with their own program to assist and to improve the situation. Implications/Applications: This research study proposed a framework of the determinant of the global food crisis that contributed to food insecurity. The findings can be used as a model to develop program to assist and improve quality of food.