Family Capital in Family Businesses

Family capital is all social, human, and financial capital a family has at their disposal in the family to advance the business. Family capital is the pool of resources unique to family business and it has the potential for family businesses to gain competitive advantage over nonfamily businesses in today's competitive landscape. To advance the knowledge about strategic management in family businesses, this chapter reviews quantitative empirical work on each dimension of family capital and concludes that the field is still in its infancy. Most studies concentrate on (a part of) social capital, a few on human capital, and very few on all three dimensions. The review of the literature describes avenues for further research on family capital.

Database of digital media publications on maternal (family) capital in Russia in 2006–2019

The database contains data from publications of digital Russian-language media registered in the Russian Federation on the topic of maternity capital published in the period from May 10, 2006 to June 30, 2019. The database includes general data on publications on maternity capital in .csv formats (UTF-8 encoding). Full texts of publications are presented in .xml format. A specialized request was generated for the aggregator of publications of Russian-language digital mass media public.ru. In total, the database consists of 457,888 publications of 7,665 publishing houses from 1,251 settlements located in 85 regions of Russia. The database includes information about the date and type of publication, publisher, place of publication (municipality), texts about maternity capital, and numbers of unique positive, negative, and neutral words and phrases according to the RuSentiLex2017 dictionary, as well as full texts of publications.

The Impact of Family Capital on Farmers’ Participation in Farmland Transfer: Evidence from Rural China

Family capital provides diverse and effective resources for production and livelihood of farmers, and thus profoundly determines farmers’ behavior in the decision-making process, yet the specific impact of family capital on farmers’ participation in farmland transfer has not been adequately examined. Based on a theoretical analysis, this paper divides family capital into four dimensions: human capital, economic capital, social capital, and cultural capital, and empirically analyzes the impact of different types of family capital on farmers’ participation in farmland transfer by using data on farmers in the 2018 China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) database. The results show that human capital, economic capital, and cultural capital all have significant impacts on both farmland transfer-out and transfer-in behavior, while social capital only plays a significant role in farmland transfer in. In order to accelerate the development process of farmland transfer in China, it is necessary to actively guide surplus rural labor towards non-agricultural employment, improve the farmland system and build a land transfer trading platform to promote the transfer of farmland to households with a good agricultural base, and strengthen social security construction to reinforce the enthusiasm of farmers engaging in land transfer.

Future Eldercare Planning Among Chinese Aging Families in Hong Kong

Increasing attention has been paid to the potential role of care planning in buffering future eldercare challenges. However, little is known about the characteristics of care planning among Chinese ageing families. It is also of interest to reflect how recent events such as COVID-19 pandemic may affect their views of the future care planning. From a family systems perspective, this study explored the extent, processes, and contents of intergenerational care planning of Chinese ageing families in Hong Kong. Dyadic interviews were conducted with 60 adult child-older parent pairs, and individual interviews were conducted with another 33 adult children. Intergenerational discrepancies in extent and processes of care planning, intergenerational congruence of care expectations and struggles, facilitating role of family capital and hindering role of cultural capital in care planning were primary themes. Although both generations demonstrated strong awareness of future eldercare needs, they were found engaged in different levels and processes of care planning. Adult children’s level of engagement in planning activities may influence parents’ extent and contents of care planning. Intergenerational transmission of eldercare values contributed to intergenerational congruence of care expectations but also led to similar struggles and ambivalent attitudes toward future care. Moreover, family capital was found to facilitate family care planning while Chinese cultural values that emphasize family care may hinder both generations’ efforts in care planning. The findings will deepen our understanding on characteristics of intergenerational care planning in Asian Chinese communities and inform services to improve adult children and ageing parents’ preparation for future eldercare.

Family Capital, Learning Engagement, and Students’ Higher Education Gains: An Empirical Study in Mainland China

This study aimed to determine whether learning engagement plays a mediating effect on the relationship between family capital and students’ higher education gains in mainland China. We used family capital, learning engagement, and higher education gains as measures and analyzed data using a structural equation model. Data were collected from 1334 students at a Chinese university. The results show that family cultural capital had the most significant effect on students’ learning engagement, while economic capital also played a positive role, and social capital had no significant impact. Learning engagement played a mediating role in the relationship between cultural capital and higher education gains, as did the relationship between economic capital and higher education gains. However, learning engagement did not have a mediating effect on the relationship between social capital and higher education gains. Our results show that we should focus on the importance of students’ learning engagement, improve the cultural capital of disadvantaged groups, and provide financial support for students from low-income families.

Surrogacy Program State Regulation Experiment

In the pursuit of family happiness, married couples, faced with family infertility, often turn to surrogate mothers either directly or through intermediaries. Having experienced a large number of negative factors on the part of the participants in this process, the author concludes that it is necessary to create a platform for the effective implementation of the surrogacy program under state control using new (experimental) legal mechanisms within the framework of a pilot state experiment within a certain medical organization. The use of private legal means aims at creating comfortable and safe conditions for the implementation of the surrogacy program. The introduction of special credit conditions (new types of loans issued on special conditions, with additional guarantees), with the possibility of early repayment at the expense of maternal (family) capital will help to stabilize the financial side and protect potential parents.The goals and objectives of the study are to highlight problematic issues related to the implementation of the surrogacy program, as well as to model an experimental platform that will create a favorable legal climate of openness and security for potential parents, surrogate mothers and medical organizations. The paper also analyzes the advantages of the participants of this platform.Research methods are analysis, synthesis, modeling, comparative legal, system analysis, as well as deductive and inductive methods.The result of the conducted research is the author’s reasoned conclusion that the implementation of the experiment on state regulation of the surrogacy program in Russia will not only create favorable legal conditions aimed at the effective implementation of the surrogacy program, but also solve a number of important social, including demographic, tasks.