Length-weight relationship and condition factor of three endemic fish species, Ponticola bathybius, Neogobius caspius and N. pallasi (Perciformes: Gobiidae) from the Southern Caspian Sea basin, Iran

In this study, the length-weight relationships (LWRs) and condition factors were estimated for 445 specimens belonging to three gobiid species viz. Ponticola bathybius (Kessler, 1877), Neogobius caspius (Eichwald, 1831) and Neogobius pallasi (Berg, 1916) from the Southern Caspian Sea basin. Total length and total weight of the examined specimens ranged 4.9-28.3 cm and 0.64-263.4 g, respectively. The length-weight parameter b of the studied species found between 2.47 (N. caspius) and 3.45 (N. pallasi) with r2 ranging 0.831 to 0.988. LWR and K parameters are reported first time for N. pallasi from the Caspian Sea basin. The condition factor estimated was calculated from 0.94 (N. pallasi) to 0.98 (N. caspius) and 1.00 (P. bathybius). The basic biological information on the LWRs of these three gobies will be useful as baseline information for further biological research in the region.

A potential endemic cyprinid for aquaculture and food security: The embryonic development of the Bornean spotted barb Puntius sealei (Herre, 1933)

The Bornean Spotted Barb is endemic fish species and widely distributed throughout Borneo in various freshwater bodies and can be considered as a potential aquaculture candidate for food security and the ornamental trade. However there has yet to be scientific studies on the early life history and developmental stages of this species. Thus the present study reveals the embryonic development of Puntius sealei embryo, from fertilization to post-hatching using the induced breeding method. The induced spawning on P. sealei using Ovaprim hormone at a dose of 0.5 ml/kg for females and 0.25ml/kg for males respectively was successfully conducted and the embryonic development of the fertilized eggs were observed. The zygote, cleavage, blastula, gastrula, segmentation, and larval phases were the six major stages of embryogenesis that investigated in this experiment. This study contributed major knowledge to the early developmental biology of this particular species. The information will be useful for accessing the potentiality of this species for aquaculture as well as the management, and production of the species. Asian Australas. J. Food Saf. Secur. 2021, 5 (2), 55-62

Pemijahan Ikan Endemik Pelangi Arfak (Melanotaenia Arfakensis) Secara Alami

Arfak rainbowfish (Melanotaenia arfakensis) is one of the endemic fish of West Papua that can be found in river and lake systems in the Manokwari Regency. Currently, the status of the arfak rainbowfish is nearly extinct. Therefore, this study aimed to know the hatching rate and survival of arfak rainbowfish larvae that were naturally spawned. The results showed that the hatchability of arfak rainbowfish eggs reached 96.9% in A1 aquarium and 96.4% in A2 aquarium. The survival rate of arfak rainbowfish larvae in the A1 aquarium was 67.5%, while the A2 aquarium was 58.7%. The larval survival rate was relatively low. Therefore, further research is needed to increase the survival rate of arfak rainbowfish larvae.

Checklist of endemic (Adrianichthyidae, Gobiidae, Zenarchopteridae) and introduced fish in Lake Poso, Sulawesi, Indonesia

Lake Poso is one of the ancient lakes in the world. This lake is known to have high diversity of endemic fish. Several exotic fish species have been introduced to increase the fisheries production in the lake. However, it is reported that the introduced fish is one of the causes of the threat of the existence of endemic fish in this lake. This study aimed to obtain the latest information on endemic (Adrianichthyidae, Gobiidae, and Zenarchopteridae), and introduced fish in Lake Poso. The research was carried out from May to July 2019 at 17 stations on the coast and rivers of Lake Poso. Fish were collected using a seine net, tray net, and hook and line. The results showed that there were 13 species of fish belonging to eight families and 11 genera. A total of six endemic fish species were still found in this study, namely Adrianichthys oophorus, Oryzias nebulosus, O. nigrimas, O. orthognathus, Mugilogobius sarasinorum, and Nomorhamphus celebensis. Seven species of introduced fish were found, namely Anabas testudineus, Aplocheilus panchax, Channa striata, flowerhorn (Cichlasoma sp.), Melanocromis auratus, Oreochromis niloticus, and Trichopodus trichopterus. Cichlids (flowerhorn, M. auratus, and O. niloticus) have the potential to be invasive due to their adaptability and ease of reproduction in Lake Poso. Conservation of the fish endemic to Lake Poso must be a serious concern for the government, academics, and the community. Ex-situ conservation can be a strategy to conserve the endemic fish of Lake Poso through controlled captivity.

Different Combinations Of Legowo And Endemic Fish On Rice And Fish Productivity In Minapadi System

Minapadi is a fish rearing system in rice fields that is carried out with rice plants. This study aims to increase the income of farmers with high productivity of rice yields and increase the production of endemic fish. The method used is a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) experiment with 4 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments were: A1B1 (legowo 2:1 and giant prawns), A1B2 (legowo 2:1 and fish exclamation), A2B1 (legowo 4:1 and giant prawns), and A2B2 (legowo 4:1 and fish exclamation). This research was conducted for 90 days in the rice fields of Lango Village, Pante Ceureumen District, West Aceh Regency. Parameters observed were rice productivity, fish growth and business analysis. The results showed that the best treatment was A1B1 (legowo 4: 1 and giant prawns) by producing an average value of rice productivity of 5 kg/plot, and the average value of growth of giant prawns of 3.62 g/head and fish of fish of 37.17 g/head. From the results of this study, the application of the Minapadi system with giant prawns and fish with legowo 4:1 gave a positive impact on the observed parameters (P<0.05) and provided benefits for farmers.

Karyotype, C-band and NOR phenotype of Anatolian endemic fish Squalius anatolicus (Bogutskaya, 1997) (Teleostei, Leuciscidae)

The karyotype and distribution of constitutive heterochromatin and nucleolus organizer regions (NORs) of Anatolian leuciscine endemic to Lake Beysehir, Squalius anatolicus (Bogutskaya, 1997) were analyzed respectively using conventional Giemsa-staining, C-banding and Ag-impregnation. Diploid chromosome number was 2n = 50 and karyotype consisted of 7 pairs of metacentric, 13 pairs of submetacentric, 5 pairs of subtelo- to acrocentric chromosomes, NF value equaled 90. Heteromorphic elements indicating sex chromosomes were not detected. C-banding revealed clear pericentromeric constitutive heterochromatin blocks in several chromosomes. Ag-impregnation revealed the size heteromorphism of NORs that covered almost the entire short arms of the middle-sized submetacentric chromosome pair. The karyotype pattern and simple NOR phenotype of S. anatolicus are nearly identical with that found not only in Squalius species analyzed to date but also in many other representatives of the Eurasian leuciscine cyprinids, which indicates remarkable chromosome stasis in this leuciscid lineage.